\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{xeonkai}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (r-essentials.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (xeonkai)
  /Subject (R essentials Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
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% Font and Colours
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\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{FFC35E}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{FFF7EA}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{R essentials Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{xeonkai} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/31513/cs/9576/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}xeonkai \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/xeonkai} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 5th November, 2016.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{4}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.51052 cm} x{1.92248 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{R help functions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
help.start() & General help \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
help(plot) or ?plot & Help on function `plot` \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{help.search("geo")} & Search help system for instances of string {\emph{geo}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
example(plot) & Examples of function `plot` \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{RSiteSearch("geo")} & Search for string {\emph{geo}} in online help manuals and archived mailing lists \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
apropos("geo", mode="function") & List all available functions with {\emph{geo}} in their name \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
data() & List all example datasets in loaded packages \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
vignette() & List all vignettes for installed packages \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
vignette("geo") & Display specific vignettes for topic {\emph{geo}} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.54485 cm} x{1.88815 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Managing R workspace}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
getwd() & Get working directory \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{setwd("mydirectory")} & Set working directory to {\emph{mydirectory}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
ls() & List the objects in workspace \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
rm(objectlist) & Remove one or more objects \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
help(options) & Learn about available options \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
options() & View or set current options \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
history(\#) & Display the last \# of commands (default=25) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{savehistory("myfile")} & Save the commands history to {\emph{myfile}} (default = .Rhistory) \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{loadhistory("myfile")} & Reload a commands history (default = .Rhistory) \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{save.image("myfile")} & Save the workspace to myfile (default = .RData) \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
save(objectlist, file = "myfile") & Save specific objects to a file \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
load("myfile") & Load a workspace in the current session (default = .RData) \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
q() & Quit R. Will be prompted to save the workspace. \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\seqsplit{`setwd("C:/myprojects/project1")`} \newline `options()` \newline `options(digits=3)` \newline `x \textless{}- runif(20)` \newline `summary(x)` \newline `hist(x)` \newline `savehistory()` \newline `save.image()` \newline `q()`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{2.19712 cm} x{1.23588 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Saving graphic output}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
pdf("filename.pdf") & PDF file \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{win.metafile("filename.wmf")} & Windows metafile \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
png("filename.png") & PBG file \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
jpeg("filename.jpg") & JPEG file \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
bmp("filename.bmp") & BMP file \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{postscript("filename.ps")} & PostScript file \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{`jpeg("rplot.jpeg")` \newline `plot(x,y)` \newline `dev.off()`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.33887 cm} x{2.09413 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Packages}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
.libPaths() & Shows where library is located \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
library() & Shows the packages saved in the library \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
search() & Shows which packages have been loaded and ready to use \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{install.packages("ggplot")} & Install a package for the first time \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{update.packages("ggplot")} & Update packages that have been installed \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{installed.packages()} & Lists packages with version numbers, dependencies, and other info \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{library(ggplot)} & Load package \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{help(package="ggplot")} & Brief description of package and index of functions and datasets \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{`help.start()` \newline `install.packages("vcd")` \newline `help(package="vcd")` \newline `library(vcd)` \newline `help(Arthritis)` \newline `Arthritis` \newline `example(Arthritis)` \newline `q()`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.09856 cm} x{2.33444 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Data input}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Keyboard input & `mydata \textless{}- \seqsplit{data.frame(age=numeric(0)},gender=character(0),weight=numeric(0))` \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `mydata \textless{}- edit(mydata)` {\bf{or}} `fix(mydata)` \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Delimited text file & `mydataframe \textless{}- read.table("file", header=logical\_value, sep="delimiter",row.names="name",stringsAsFactors=logical\_value)` \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Excel file & `library(RODBC)` \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & `channel \textless{}- \seqsplit{odbcConnectExcel("myfile.xls")`} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `mydataframe \textless{}- sqlFetch(channel, "mysheet")` \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & `odbcClose(channel)` {\bf{or}} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `library(xlsx)` \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & `workbook \textless{}- "c:/myworkbook.xlsx"` \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `mydataframe \textless{}- read.xlsx(workbook,1)` \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Others & XML, Webscrapping, SPSS, SAS, Stata, netCDF, HDF5, DBMSs \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.7165 cm} x{1.7165 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Accessing DBMSs - RODBC package}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`odbcConnect(dsn, uid=" ", pwd=" ")` & Open a connection to an ODBC database \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`sqlFetch(channel, sqltable)` & Read a table from an ODBC database into a dataframe \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`sqlQuery(channel, query)` & Submit a query to an ODBC database and return the results \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`sqlSave(channel, mydf, tablename=sqtable, append=FALSE)` & Write or update (append=TRUE) a data frame to a table in the ODBC database \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`sqlDrop(channel, sqtable)` & Remove a table from the ODBC database \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`close(channel)` & Close the connection \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{`library(RODBC)` \newline `myconn \textless{}- odbcConnect("mydsn", uid="Rob", pwd="aardvark")` \newline `crimedat \textless{}- sqlFetch(myconn, Crime)` \newline `pundat \textless{}- sqlQuery(myconn, "select * from Punishment")` \newline `close(myconn)`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Data structures}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Vectors} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Hold numeric, character, or logical data e.g. `c(1,2,3,4,5)`, `c("one","two","three")`, `c(TRUE,TRUE,FALSE,FALSE)`} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Matrices} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}2D array where each element has the same mode} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`mymatrix \textless{}- matrix(vector, nrow=number\_of\_rows, ncol=number\_of\_columns, byrow=logical\_value, \seqsplit{dimnames=list(char\_vector\_rownames}, \seqsplit{char\_vector\_colnames))`}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Arrays} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Similar to matrices but can have more than 2 dimensions} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`myarray \textless{}- array(vector, dimensions, dimnames)`} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Data frames} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Different columns can contain different modes of data} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`mydata \textless{}- data.frame(col1, col2, col3, ...)`} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Factors} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Nominal, ordinal or continuous} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`status \textless{}- c("Poor", "Improved", "Excellent", "Poor")`} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`status \textless{}- factor(status, order=TRUE, levels=c("Poor","Improved","Excellent"))`} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Lists} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Ordered collection of objects} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`mylist \textless{}- list(name1=object1, name2=object2, ...)`} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Example code}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{cells \textless{}- c(1,26,24,68) \newline rnames \textless{}- c("R1","R2") \newline cnames \textless{}- c("C1","C2") \newline mymatrix \textless{}- matrix(cells, nrow=2, ncol=2, byrow=TRUE, dimnames=list(rnames,cnames)) \newline  \newline dim1 \textless{}- c("A1","A2") \newline dim2 \textless{}- c("B1","B2","B3") \newline dim3 \textless{}- c("C1","C2","C3","C4") \newline z \textless{}- array(1:24, c(2,3,4), dimnames=list(dim1, dim2, dim3)) \newline  \newline patientID \textless{}- c(1,2,3,4) \newline age \textless{}- c(25,34,28,52) \newline diabetes \textless{}- c("Type1","Type2","Type1","Type1") \newline status \textless{}- c("Poor","Improved","Excellent","Poor") \newline patientdata \textless{}- data.frame(patientID, age, diabetes, status) \newline patientdata{[}1:2{]} \newline patientdata{[}c("diabetes","status"){]} \newline patientdata\$age \newline \# cross tabulate diabetes by status \newline table(patientdata\$diabetes, patientdata\$status)  \newline  \newline g \textless{}- "My First List" \newline h \textless{}- c(25,26,18,39) \newline j \textless{}- matrix(1:10, nrow=5) \newline k \textless{}- c("one","two","three") \newline mylist \textless{}- list(title=g, ages=h, j, k) \newline mylist{[}{[}2{]}{]} \newline mylist{[}{[}"ages"{]}{]}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Useful tips}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Attach, Detach and With}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
`attach (mtcars)` \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
`summary(mpg)` \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
`plot(mpg,wt)` \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
`detach(mtcars)` \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
`with(mtcars, \{` \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
`summary(mpg,disp,wt)` \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
`plot(mpg,disp)` \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
`plot(mpg,wt)` \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
`\})` \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 1)
`with(mtcars, \{` \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 1)
`nokeepstats \textless{}- summary(mpg)` \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
`keepstats \textless{}\textless{}- summary(mpg)` \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
`\})` \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
`nokeepstats \# object not found` \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
`keepstats \# object exists in global env with superassignment '\textless{}\textless{}-'`% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.40753 cm} x{2.02547 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Useful functions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{`length(object)`} & Number of elements/components \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`dim(object)` & Dimensions of an object \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`str(object)` & Structure of an object \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`class(object)` & Class or type of an object \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`mode(object)` & How an object is stored \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`names(object)` & Names of components in an object \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`cbind(object, object, ...)` & Combines objects as columns \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
`rbind(object, object, ...)` & Combines objects as rows \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`head(object)` & Lists the first part of the object \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
`tail(object)` & Lists the last part of the object \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`rm(object, object, ...)` & Deletes one or more objects. `rm(list=ls())` will remove most objects. \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
`newobject \textless{}- edit(object)` & Edits object and saves as newobject \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`fix(object)` & Edits in place \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
`set.seed()` & To have reproducible results \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.33887 cm} x{2.09413 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Arithmetic operators}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`+` & Addition \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`-` & Subtraction \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`*` & Multiplication \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`/` & Division \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`\textasciicircum{}` or `**` & Exponentiation \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`x\%\%y` & Modulus (x mod y) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`x\%/\%y` & Integer division \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.06423 cm} x{2.36877 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Logical operators}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`\textless{}` & Less than \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`\textless{}=` & Less than or equal to \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`\textgreater{}` & Greater than \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`\textgreater{}=` & Greater than or equal to \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`==` & Exactly equal to \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`!=` & Not equal to \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`!x` & Not `x` \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
`x | y` & `x` or `y` \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`x \& y` & `x` and `y` \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
`isTRUE(x)` & Test if `x` is `TRUE` \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}