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\author{wburgener}
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  /Title (qualitative-analysis-2-known-unknown.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (wburgener)
  /Subject (Qualitative Analysis 2 Known/Unknown Cheat Sheet)
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Qualitative Analysis 2 Known/Unknown Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{wburgener} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/35954/cs/11309/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}wburgener \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/wburgener} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 29th March, 2017.\\
   Updated 29th March, 2017.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
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\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Lab Prep}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Clean beakers and test tubes (make sure small test tubes).} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Grab strips of different colored washi tape for labeling.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Grab disposable pipettes.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Fill soap and distilled water.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Separation of  Quall II ions:}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Separation of Qual II ions done with strong base, NaOH.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Mn \textasciicircum{}2+\textasciicircum{}, Ni\textasciicircum{}2+\textasciicircum{}, Fe\textasciicircum{}2+\textasciicircum{}. Will precipitate as a Hydroxides.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Al\textasciicircum{}3+\textasciicircum{} and Zn\textasciicircum{}2+\textasciicircum{} will precipitate soluble Hydroxides.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add 2 mL of original solution to small cleaned test tube. (DO NOT USE 2 mL WHEN DOING UNKNOWN)} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add 15 drop of 6M NaOH} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Centrifuge and save precipitate and supernate. (Test for incomplete reaction; several drops of 6 M NaOH)} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Label  supernate "Al \& Zn ions".} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Dissolve the precipitate with the minimum amount of concentrated Nitric Acid (HNO3) possible.} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{If necessary heat the solution.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Label dissolved, " Mn, Ni, \& Fe ions"} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Testing for Mn 2+ Presence}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add approximatly 1/2 of "Mn, Ni, \& Fe" to a small test tube. (DO NOT USE THAT MUCH IF DOING QUAL II UNKNOWN."} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add solid NaBiO3 in excess to the solution and centrifuge.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Deep purple solution confirms Mn \textasciicircum{}2+\textasciicircum{} ion presence.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Testing for the presence of Fe 3+}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add remaining 1/2 solution of "Mn, Ni, \& Fe" (DO NOT USE ALL IF DOING QUAL II UNKNOWN"} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Excess ammonia does not react with Mn the addition is to make Fe a brown precipitate and Ni a blue supernate.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add 5 drops of \$M NH4Cl to the solution} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add concentrated ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) till it is basic to litmus.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add additional three drops to check for reaction completion.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Centerfuge \& save supernate label for Ni testing} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Dissolve percipitate with 6M HCl} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add 5 drops of 0.1M NH4SCN. Presence of blood red color confirms presence of Fe.} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Testing for Ni Presence}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Complexing agent (Dimethylglyoxime) reacting specifically with Ni ions} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Using test tube labeled Ni supernate} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Appearance of pinkish red precipitate.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Testing for Al Presence}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Addition of acid breaks down Al \& Zn Hydroxides to ions} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add HNO3 drop wise to supernated labeled "Zn \& Al ions" solution must be basic to litmus paper.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add 5 more drops after that to insure reaction completion.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Presence of white cloudy percipitate indicated presence of Al ions.`} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Centerfuge and save Zn supernate for  analysis.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Testing for Zn percipitate}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Addition of 6M HCl to supernate Zn+ until solution is acidic to litmus paper} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add 3 drop of 0.2M K4{[}Fe(CN)6{]} and stir.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Centrifuge and discard supernate.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Light green precipitate confirms presence of Zn.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}



\end{document}