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  /Title (introduction-to-ethics.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (veevstone)
  /Subject (Introduction to Ethics Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Introduction to Ethics Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{veevstone} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/215077/cs/46878/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}veevstone \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/veevstone} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 9th September, 2025.\\
   Updated 9th September, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Learning Objectives}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Define the words Ethics and morality. \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
Differentiate the {\bf{types of normative ethics including the "isms".}} \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
Identify the {\bf{different key concepts related to ethics}}. \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
Relate the concepts of ethics with other teaching about human actions.% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Concept: Ethics and Morality}}  \tn
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{\bf{Ethics}}\{\{br\}\} & {\bf{Morality}} \tn 
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Broader and Objective.\{\{br\}\} & More personal and gut feeling-based . \tn 
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Broader and systematic based on agreed rules of society, profession, and groups\{\{br\}\} & Developed from one's values, beliefs, and cultute \tn 
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\{\{bt=2\}\}Ex: code of conduct in medical field and corporate world\{\{br\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}Ex of Morality: Inner judgement of right or wrong. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Concept: Morality}}  \tn
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\{\{width=45\}\} Ethiology & Gree: {\emph{Mos}} or Latin (Lt) means manner, character,a nd behavior \tn 
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\seqsplit{Meaning/Definition}? & refers to rightness or wrongness. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{How does it relate to ethics? \newline -{}-\textgreater{} Morality is more personal, shaped by beliefs, values, culture, and upribringing,}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Concept: Ethics}}  \tn
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Greek word ethymology & {\bf{ethos}} which means, custom, habit, behaviors and character. \tn 
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Defintion & A system of moral \seqsplit{philosophy/principles—a} set of values and rules of human conduct (human actions). \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What's the nature of ethics?}} \newline -{}-\textgreater{} a science that involves a {\bf{systematic investigation}} before a judgment is made, classifying human actions as good or bad, right or wrong. It includes systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behaviors.}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Division of Ethics}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{A.Meta-ethics\{\{nl\}\} B. Applied Ethics \{\{nl\}\} C. Normative ethics} \tn 
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\{\{bt=1\}\} {\bf{A. Meta-ethics}}\{\{bb=1\}\} & \{\{bt=1\}\}study of the nature, scope, and meaning of moral judgment.\{\{bb=1\}\} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{ask:  "What do ethical statements mean?" and "Do ethical statements have objective truth or are they a mere subjective expression of opinion?\{\{nl\}\} Debating if morality is a universal truth or a personal perspective} \tn 
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\{\{bt=1\}\}  {\bf{B. Applied Ethics}}\{\{bb=1\}\} & \{\{bt=1\}\} Seeks to apply ethical principles to concrete social issues.\{\{bb=1\}\} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{ex: topics such as abortion, euthanasia, human sexuality, animal welfare, environment, and poverty.} \tn 
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\{\{bt=1\}\}{\bf{Normative ethics}}\{\{bb=1\}\} & \{\{bt=1\}\}Concerned with the basic principles of right or wrong.\{\{bb=1\}\} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{It asks if morality is fundamentally about the consequences of our actions, the inherent nature of the acts performed, or our character as actors} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Summary \newline  {\bf{A. Meta-ethics}} -  Nature. going back to ask Morality (how we understant moral language, the concept statement, what it means to be right or wrong ) \newline  {\bf{B. Applied Ethics}} - taking and applyinh principles in real life {\emph{(society issues, real life)}} \newline {\bf{ C. Normative ethics}} - figuring out if you should always tell the truth (provide frameworks/how to act/)}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Normative Ethics: 4 Theories}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{A.Aristotle's Nicomachean (Aristolean Teleology)\{\{nl\}\} B.Hume's non-cognitive\{\{nl\}\} C. Kant's deontology:\{\{nl\}\} D. Bentham's utilitarianism:\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
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{\bf{1. Aristotle's Nicomachean}} (Aristotlean Teleology) & Constant practice of virtues that will lead to a purpose or end. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Moral virtues include prudence, justice, fortitude, temperance, goodness, and generosity.} \tn 
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{\bf{2. Hume's Non-Cognitive}} & Moral judgment is based on passion and interest, such as happiness \tn 
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{\bf{3. Kant's Deontology}} & Focuses on following universal rules, norms, and duties (Categorical Imperatives). \tn 
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{\bf{4. Bentham's Utilitarianism}} & One ought to do whatever will promote the greatest good and happiness for the greatest number, focusing on {\emph{consequences and results.}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{provide different answers to a fundamental question: What makes an action right or wrong, and what should be the basis for our moral decisions? \newline  \newline Aristotle - Virtue Ethics  \newline Hume's Noncognitive - Emotivism \newline Kants - Deontological Ethics  \newline Benthams Ullitarianism : Consequentialism}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Significance of the Study of Ethics}}  \tn
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{\bf{Social moral problems:}} & Experts rebuild necessary measures to address the present characteristics of moral issues today. \tn 
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{\bf{To enlighten people: }} & Especially the young, to behave in a good and right manner. Teens may be confused due to different influences and are unwilling or unable to act in a moral way. \tn 
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To establish {\bf{solid foundation}} of values & In school, particularly in the interaction between teachers and students. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ethics in Moral life}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}indicates a focus on how ethics influences moral decision-making in everyday life.\{\{bb=1\}\}} \tn 
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{\bf{Provides advantage and answers:}} & Ethical theories are useful when they affect how human beings behave. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{keywords: provides answers thru affecting how we behave (e.g. moral judgements and decisions)} \tn 
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{\bf{Provides a moral plan:}} & Ethics sets ethical rules and principles that provide a framework to find a way through difficult moral issues, offering a "cooler view" of problems \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{keywords: framework, blueprint for complex issues\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ethics and People}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\} 💡shows concern for other people's well-being and God, rather than one's own desires and self-interest\{\{bb=2\}\}} \tn 
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\{\{width=40\}\}{\bf{Ethics is about the "Other"}} & shows concern for other people's well-being and God, rather than one's own desires and self-interest. \tn 
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{\bf{Source for group strength:}} & If a group has a strong moral foundation, they have the courage to correct wrongdoings without hesitation. \tn 
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{\bf{Good people as well as good actions:}} & Ethics is also about the goodness of individuals and what it means to live a good life. Virtue ethics is concerned with the moral character of human beings. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{(4) Four Ethical -Isms}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb=1\}\} These are various ways of making a moral judgment.\{\{bt=1\}\}} \tn 
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{\bf{Subjectivism}} & Moral judgment is based on feelings, emotions, or attitudes.\{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{} For example, whether a lie is bad or good depends on a person's feelings. Moral judgments do not contain factual truths. \tn 
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{\bf{Moral Realism}} & There are real, objective moral facts or truths in the universe. Moral statements provide factual information about these truths. For example, "Respect the rights" is a universal moral truth. \tn 
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{\bf{Emotivism}} & Moral statements are shown through gestures or signs that express feelings. For example, a thumbs-up gesture can show approval of a good act. \tn 
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{\bf{Prescriptivism}} & Moral statements are just instructions and recommendations, showing how people "ought to do". \{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{}For example, "Students must have a complete uniform inside the school" \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{This are Meta-ethical theories.  \newline  - How we judge moral statements and decisions are judged (ex: abortion)}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Some Useful Rules in Our Lives}}  \tn
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{\bf{Etiquette}} & A standard of moral judgment dictated by {\emph{a socio-economic elite}} \tn 
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{\bf{Legal}} & standard of moral statement to judge legal right or wrong in a democracy, through representatives \tn 
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{\bf{Language}} & A standard to judge what is grammatically right or wrong, which has evolved through use. \tn 
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{\bf{Aesthetic}} & A standard to judge good or bad art, usually dictated by a small group of art specialists. \tn 
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% That's all folks
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