\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{ttoeysd}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (python-cheat-sheet-toeyd.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (ttoeysd)
  /Subject (python  - ToeyD Cheat Sheet)
}

% Lengths and widths
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\addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns
\setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content
\setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line
\renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit
% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\onehalfspacing

% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
\newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use

% Font and Colours
\definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666}
\definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{A38C4B}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F9F7F3}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{python  - ToeyD Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{ttoeysd} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/25880/cs/6994/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}ttoeysd \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/ttoeysd} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 12th February, 2016.\\
   Updated 11th May, 2016.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Vocabulary}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Variable & Hold a value and be change \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
String & A list of character such as number, letter and symbols \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Integer number & Whole number/counting number \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Float number & The number in decimal \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Syntax & Grammar/Structure of language \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Modulo & Find the remainder \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Boolean & True/False \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.74655 cm} x{4.23045 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Function}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{print()} & Show the information that you want on the screen \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
int() & Change number to be number integer \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{float()} & Change number to be decimal number \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{input()} & Gain information from user \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
str() & A list of number, letter and symbols \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
len() & The length of the string \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\# & Comment, no effect \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Forever While Loop}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{while True: \# forever \newline     user\_input = input('Enter a number: ') \newline     number = int(user\_input) \newline     print ('The number squared is', number ** 2)} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Conditional While Loop}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{count = 0 \# start at zero \newline while count \textless{} 10: \# loop while count is less than 10 \newline     print(count) \#will print numbers 0 - 9 \newline     count = count + 1 \# must increase count} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Lists}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{mylist = {[}2,3,4,5{]} \# create a list \newline  \newline \#select an item from a list \newline print (mylist{[}0{]}) \#selects first item and displays 2 \newline  \newline \# len() determines the length of the list \newline print (len(mylist)) \# displays 4 \newline  \newline mylist.append(5) \# adds an item to the end of the list} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.28942 cm} x{2.68758 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Multiplication and Exponents}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
string * number & Combine that string \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
string* string & CRASH! \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
number * number & Multiply (Math) \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
string ** string & CRASH! \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
number ** number & Exponent (Math) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
string ** number & CRASH! \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Math}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
== & equal to \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
!= & no equal to \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textless{} & less than \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\textgreater{} & more than \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textless{}= & less than or equal to \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\textgreater{}= & more than or equal to \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\% & Modulo, Find the remainder \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.38896 cm} x{2.58804 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Addition}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
string + string & Combine together \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
string + number & CRASH! \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
number + number & Addition (Math) \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Convert number to hexadecimal}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{while True: \newline      \newline  \newline \#get a number from the user \newline     user\_number = input("Please enter a number: ") \newline  \newline  \newline     \#convert to integer \newline     number = int(user\_number) \newline  \newline     hex\_string = '' \newline     while (number \textgreater{} 0):\#the number is greater than 0) \newline         remainder = number \% 16 \#use Modulo \% \newline         if remainder == 10: \newline             remainder = 'A' \newline         elif remainder == 11: \newline             remainder = 'B' \newline         elif remainder == 12: \newline             remainder = 'C' \newline         elif remainder == 13: \newline             remainder = 'D' \newline         elif remainder == 14: \newline             remainder = 'E' \newline         elif remainder == 15: \newline             remainder = 'F' \newline  \newline  \newline         hex\_string = str(remainder) + hex\_string \#remainder + hex string \newline         number = number // 16\#must use // when you divide \newline  \newline     \#after the loop print the hex string \newline     print ("Hexadecimal string is 0x" + hex\_string) \newline  \newline     \#expected output - 5 = 101 \newline     \#excepted output - 3 = 11 \newline     \#excepted output - 2 = 10} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Reverse Word}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{while True: \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
word = input("Please enter a word") \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
index = 0 \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
reverse = ' ' \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
while int(index) \textless{} len(word): \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
reverse = word{[}index{]} + (reverse) \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
index = int(index) + 1 \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
print ("Reverse: ", reverse)% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Create function}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\# how to create a function \newline  \newline def nameOfFunction (myvar1, myvar2): \# parameters or argu ments \newline     print ("hello")  \#must indent each line that is part of the function \newline  \newline     return myvar1 + myvar2 \newline  \newline \# function call \newline  \newline nameOfFunction ('hi', 'there')  \# a value for each argument \newline  \newline  \newline \#write a function \newline  \newline \# name : areaOfTriangle \newline \# parameters : base height \newline \# return : area \newline  \newline def areaOfTriangle (base, height): \newline      area = 0.5*base*height \newline      return area} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Decision Making/Conditional Statements}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{if 3 \textless{} 2: \#if statement must compare two Booleans \newline     print ('3 is less than 2') \newline elif 4 \textless{} 2: \#can have 0 or more elif statements \newline     print ('4 is less than 2') \newline elif 5 \textless{} 2: \newline     print ('5 is less than 2') \newline else: \#can have 0 or 1 else statement at the end \newline     print ('none of the above are True')} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}