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% Document Info
\author{tortilladepatatas}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (cisco-switching-and-routing-config.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (tortilladepatatas)
  /Subject (CISCO switching and routing config Cheat Sheet)
}

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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{CISCO switching and routing config Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{tortilladepatatas} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/195367/cs/40911/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}tortilladepatatas \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/tortilladepatatas} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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\columnbreak
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 10th November, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{4.3862 cm} x{3.5427 cm} x{8.9411 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{IOS modes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Prompt}} & {\bf{Name of mode}} & {\bf{Command to access}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Switch\textgreater{} & User exec & {\bf{disable}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Switch\# & \seqsplit{Privileged} exec & {\bf{enable}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Switch(config)\#} & Global Config & {\bf{configure terminal}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Switch(config-if)\#} & \seqsplit{Interface} & {\bf{line console 0 \{\{nl\}\} line vty 0 15}} (telnet) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Switch(config-line)\#} & Line & {\bf{interface}} {\emph{type number}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Switch(vlan)\#} & VLAN & {\bf{vlan}} {\emph{number}} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{We can exit all modes with {\bf{exit}} (immediate previous one) or {\bf{end}} (straight to privileged)}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Config Modes Diagram}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{17.67cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/tortilladepatatas_1697789159_config_op.PNG}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{7.7715 cm} x{9.4985 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Key Sequences for Command Edit and Recall}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Keyboard Command}} \{\{width=20\}\} & {\bf{What Happens}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Up arrow or Ctrl+P & This displays the most recently used command. If you press it  again, the next most recent command appears, until the history  buffer is exhausted. (The P stands for previous.) \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Down arrow or Ctrl+N & If you have gone too far back into the history buffer, these keys  take you forward to the more recently entered commands. (The N stands for next.) \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 7)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Left arrow or Ctrl+B & This moves the cursor backward in the currently displayed  command without deleting characters. (The B stands for back.) \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Right arrow or Ctrl+F & This moves the cursor forward in the currently displayed command  without deleting characters. (The F stands for forward.) \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Backspace & This moves the cursor backward in the currently displayed  command, deleting characters. \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{If you are used to general console interactions in linux is pretty similar}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{7.4261 cm} x{9.8439 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cisco IOS Software Command Help}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{What You Enter}}\{\{width=25\}\} & {\bf{The help you get}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
? & Provides help for all commands available in this mode. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{command}} ? & With a space between the command and the ?, the switch lists text to  describe all the first parameter options for the command. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{com}}? & Lists commands that start with com. \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{command parm}}? & Lists all parameters beginning with the parameter typed so far. (Notice  that there is no space between parm and the ?.) \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{command  parm}}\textless{}Tab\textgreater{} & Pressing the Tab key causes IOS to spell out the rest of the word,  assuming that you have typed enough of the word so there is only one  option that begins with that string of characters. \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 9)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{command parm1 }}? & If a space is inserted before the question mark, the CLI lists all the next  parameters and gives a brief explanation of each. \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{It's good practice to {\bf{always use ? when you are not sure}} of what you are doing to prevent launching a successfully format-wise but that doesn't do what we intend to do because we haven't explored all possibilities!}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{5.9045 cm} x{5.9045 cm} x{5.061 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CISCO IOS config files}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Configuration \{\{nl\}\} Filename}}\{\{width=20\}\} & {\bf{Purpose}} & {\bf{Where It Is Stored}}\{\{width=10\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
sartup-config & Stores the initial configuration used anytime the  switch reloads Cisco IOS. & NVRAM \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{running-config} & Stores the currently used configuration commands.  This file changes dynamically when someone enters  commands in configuration mode. & RAM \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 10)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
vlan.dat & Stores information related to VLAN & Flash \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{Memory types: {\bf{RAM}} (Working Memory and Running Configuration), {\bf{Flash}} (Cisco IOS Software / Images), {\bf{ROM}} (Bootstrap Program before Cisco IOS takes over), {\bf{NVRAM}} (Startup Configuration) \newline  \newline {\bf{copy running-config startup-config}} saves active config replacing startup {\bf{copy startup-config running-config}} merges startup file with the currently active file in RAM \newline  \newline You can also {\bf{write}} and {\bf{erase}} config files}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Switching Logic Actions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Deciding}} when to {\bf{forward a frame or when to filter a frame}}, based on  the destination MAC address (using the dynamically built MAC)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Preparing to {\bf{forward frames by learning MAC addresses}} by examining the source  MAC address of each frame received by the switch (on cases where {\bf{the forward MAC isn't in the table}} the switch {\emph{floods}} the ports like it was a broadcast in order to find a response and fill the table to later tries)} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 7)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Preparing to {\bf{forward only one copy of the frame to the destination}} by creating a  (Layer 2) loop-free environment with other switches by using {\bf{Spanning Tree Protocol}}  (since loops can be fatal in the previous flooding mechanism). This is achieved by {\bf{blocking some ports from forwarding frames}} so that only one active path exists between any  pair of LAN segments. The downside is that it makes harder load balancing since redundant connections can be useful for that purpose.} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 10)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Switch Verification Commands}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Display interface status and configuration. & S1\#{\bf{ show interfaces  {\emph{interface-id}} }}\{\{nobreak\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Display current startup configuration. & S1\#{\bf{ show startup-config}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Display current operating configuration. & S1\#{\bf{ show running-config}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Display information about the flash file system. & S1\#{\bf{ show flash:}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Display status of system hardware and software. & S1\#{\bf{ show version}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Display a history of commands entered. & S1\#{\bf{ show history}} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Display IP information about an interface. & S1\#{\bf{ show ip {\emph{interface-id}} }} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Display the MAC address table. & S1\#{\bf{ show mac-address-table {[}dynamic|static{]} {[}vlan {\emph{vlan\_id}}| interface {\emph{interface\_id}} | adress {\emph{MAC\_adress}}{]} }} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 6)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Lists any information the switch acquires as a DHCP client.  This includes IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway  information. & S1\#{\bf{ show dhcp lease}} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 7)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Switch Verification Commands (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Lists the public and shared key created for use with SSH  using the crypto key generate rsa global configuration  command. & S1\#{\bf{ show crypto key mypubkey rsa}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
Lists status information for the SSH server, including the  SSH version. & S1\#{\bf{ show ip ssh }} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Lists the switch's setting for its IPv4 default gateway. & S1\#{\bf{ show ip default-gateway}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{MAC related command reference}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Command}} & {\bf{Purpose}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{show mac address-table}} & Shows all MAC table entries of all types \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{show mac address-table dynamic}} & Shows all dynamically learned MAC table entries \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{show mac address-table dynamic  {[}vlan {\emph{vlan-number}}{]} {[}interface  {\emph{interface-id}}{]} {[}address {\emph{mac-address}}{]}}} & Shows all dynamically learned MAC table entries containing any of the data depicted \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{show mac address-table count}} & Shows the number of entries in the MAC table and the  total number of remaining empty slots in the MAC table \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{show mac address-table  aging-time}} & Shows the global and per-VLAN aging timeout for  inactive MAC table entries \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{clear mac address-table dynamic}} & Empties the MAC table of all dynamic entries \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{clear mac address-table dynamic  {[}vlan {\emph{vlan-number}}{]} {[}interface  {\emph{interface-id}}{]} {[}address {\emph{mac-address}}{]}}} & Clears (removes) dynamic MAC table entries: either all  (with no parameters), or a subset based on VLAN ID,  interface ID, or a specific MAC address \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Configure the Switch Management Interface}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Enter global configuration mode. & S1\# {\bf{configure terminal}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Enter interface configuration mode for  the SVI & S1(config)\# {\bf{interface vlan 1}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Configure the management interface IP  address. & S1(config-if)\# {\bf{ip address 192.168.1.200 255.255.255.0}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Enable the management interface. & S1(config-if)\#{\bf{ no shutdown}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Return to privileged config mode. & S1(config-if)\#{\bf{ exit}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Set up the default gateway also in order to have internet connection & S1(config)\#{\bf{ ip default-gateway 192.168.1.1}} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Return to privileged EXEC mode. & S1(config-if)\#{\bf{ end}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Save the running config to the startup  config. & S1\#{\bf{ copy running-config startup-config}} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{This process can also be carried out with the command {\bf{ip address dhcp}} using then the DHCP protocol in order to assign it's ip.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Login Security Commands}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Command}} & {\bf{Purpose}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{line console 0}} & Changes the context to console configuration mode. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{line vty}} {\emph{1st-vty last-vty}} & Changes the context to vty configuration mode for the range of  vty lines listed in the command. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{login}} & Console and vty configuration mode. Tells IOS to prompt for a  password. \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{password}} {\emph{pass-value}} & Console and vty configuration mode. Lists the password required  if the {\emph{login}} command (with no other parameters) is configured. \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 7)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{login local}} & Console and vty configuration mode. Tells IOS to prompt  for a username and password, to be checked against locally  configured {\bf{username}} global configuration commands on this  switch or router. \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 10)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Login Security Commands (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{username}} {\emph{name}} {\bf{secret}} {\emph{pass-value}} & Global command. Defines one of possibly multiple usernames  and associated passwords, used for user authentication. Used  when the {\bf{login local}} line configuration command has been used. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{crypto key generate rsa  {[}modulus}} {\emph{360..2048}} {\bf{{]}}} & Global command. Creates and stores (in a hidden location in flash  memory) the keys required by SSH. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 5)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{transport input \{telnet | ssh | all | none\}}} & vty line configuration mode. Defines whether Telnet/SSH access  is allowed into this switch. Both values can be configured on one  command to allow both Telnet and SSH access (the default). \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 10)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{In case you need to set up security to your switch connection}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cisco Switch Port Configuration}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Enter global configuration mode. & S1\#{\bf{ configure terminal}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Enter interface configuration mode & S1(config)\#{\bf{ interface fastethernet 0/1}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Configure the interface duplex mode. & S1(config-if)\#{\bf{ duplex full}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Configure the interface speed & S1(config-if)\#{\bf{ speed 100}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Add some useful description please! & S1(config-if\# {\bf{description Printer on 3rd floor, Preset to 100/full}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Return to general config & S1(config-if)\#{\bf{ exit}} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Now we will configure a range & S1(config)\# {\bf{interface range FastEthernet 0/11 - 20}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
And add some useful information for good measure & \seqsplit{S1(config-if-range)\#} {\bf{description end-users connect here}} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Return to privileged EXEC mode & S1(config-if-range)\#{\bf{ \textasciicircum{}Z}} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Save the running config to the startup  config & S1\#{\bf{ copy running-config startup-config}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Since {\bf{Mismatched settings for the duplex mode and speed}} of switch ports can cause {\bf{connectivity issues}}. \newline  \newline We can use {\bf{shutdown}} to close interfaces. \newline  \newline We can create virtual interfaces called subinterfaces. Those will help us when working with different logical interfaces within the same physical one. We address them like this {\bf{fa0/0.\textless{}id\textgreater{}}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cisco Switch Auto-MDIX Commands}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Enter global configuration mode. & {\bf{S1\#}} configure terminal \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Enter interface configuration mode. & {\bf{S1(config)\#}} interface fastethernet 0/1 \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Configure the interface to automatically  negotiate the duplex mode with the  connected device. & {\bf{S1(config-if)\#}} duplex auto \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Configure the interface to automatically  negotiate speed with the connected device. & {\bf{S1(config-if)\#}} speed auto \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Enable auto-MDIX on the interface. & {\bf{S1(config-if)\#}} mdix auto \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Return to privileged EXEC mode. & {\bf{S1(config-if)\#}} end \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Save the running config to the startup  config. & {\bf{S1\#}} copy running-config startup-config \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{With auto-MDIX enabled, either type of cable can be used to connect to other devices, and the interface automatically corrects for any incorrect cabling. \newline  \newline To check we can use: `show controllers ethernet-controller fa 0/1 phy | include Auto-MDIX`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{3.7881 cm} x{3.294 cm} x{2.6352 cm} x{6.7527 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Verify the Status of a Switch Interface}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Line Status & \seqsplit{Protocol} Status & \seqsplit{Interface} \seqsplit{status} & Typical Root Case \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{administratively}  down & down & \seqsplit{disabled} & The shutdown command is configured on the  interface. \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
down & down & \seqsplit{notconnect} & No cable; bad cable; wrong cable pinouts; speed  mismatch; neighboring device is (a) powered off,  (b) shutdown, or (c) error disabled. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 9)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
up & down & \seqsplit{notconnect} & Not expected on LAN switch physical interfaces. \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
down & down \seqsplit{(err-disabled)} & \seqsplit{err-disabled} & Port security has disabled the interface. \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
up & up & \seqsplit{connected} & The interface is working. \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Possible problems with interface status}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{If the {\bf{interface is up and the line protocol is down}}, a problem exists. There could be an encapsulation type mismatch, the interface on the other end could be error-disabled, or there could be a hardware problem.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{If the {\bf{line protocol and the interface are both down}}, a cable is not attached or some other interface problem exists. For example, in a back-to-back connection (a connection where the transmitter of one device connects directly to the receiver of another device without a transmission media between the two devices), one end of the connection may be administratively down.} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{If the {\bf{interface is administratively down}}, it has been manually disabled (the shutdown command has been issued) in the active configuration.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{4.6629 cm} x{12.6071 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Error codes in {\bf{show interfaces}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Code}} & {\bf{Explanation}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Runts & Frames that did not meet the minimum frame size requirement (64 bytes, including  the 18-byte destination MAC, source MAC, type, and FCS). Can be caused by collisions. \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Giants & Frames that exceed the maximum frame size requirement (1518 bytes, including  the 18-byte destination MAC, source MAC, type, and FCS). \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Input Errors & A total of many counters, including runts, giants, no buffer, CRC, frame,  overrun, and ignored counts. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
CRC & Received frames that did not pass the FCS math; can be caused by collisions. \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Frame & Received frames that have an illegal format, for example, ending with a partial  byte; can be caused by collisions. \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Packets Output & Total number of packets (frames) forwarded out the interface. \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Output Errors & Total number of packets (frames) that the switch port tried to transmit,  but for which some problem occurred. \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{4.6629 cm} x{12.6071 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Error codes in {\bf{show interfaces}} (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Collisions} & Counter of all collisions that occur when the interface is transmitting a frame. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Late \seqsplit{Collisions} & The subset of all collisions that happen after the 64th byte of the frame  has been transmitted. (In a properly working Ethernet LAN, collisions should occur within  the first 64 bytes; late collisions today often point to a duplex mismatch.) \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 9)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VLANs Definition and Benefits}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Essentially they are {\bf{individual broadcast domains}} created by the switch, which are called  virtual LANs (VLAN). In order to forward packs to other VLANs we need {\bf{routing}}.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Benefits of VLANs}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{To {\bf{reduce CPU overhead}} on each device, improving host performance, by reducing the  number of devices that receive each broadcast frame} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{To {\bf{reduce security risks}} by reducing the number of hosts that receive copies of frames  that the switches flood ({\bf{broadcasts, multicasts, and unknown unicasts}})} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{To improve security for hosts through the application of {\bf{different security policies per  VLAN}}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{To create more {\bf{flexible designs}} that {\bf{group users}} by department, or by groups that work  together, instead of by physical location} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{To solve problems more quickly, because the {\bf{failure domain for many problems is the  same set of devices as those in the same broadcast domain}}} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{To {\bf{reduce the workload for the Spanning Tree Protocol}} (STP) by limiting a VLAN to a  single access switch} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VLAN Trunking}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{17.67cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/tortilladepatatas_1698142537_vlan_trunk.PNG}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{The use of {\bf{trunking}} allows switches to {\bf{forward frames from multiple VLANs over a single physical connection}} by adding a small header to the Ethernet framex. \newline  \newline {\bf{802.1Q}} inserts an extra 4-byte 802.1Q VLAN header into the original frame's Ethernet header (12 bits vlan id, flag, priority and type)}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{5.8718 cm} x{11.3982 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Trunkind Administrative Mode Options}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Common Option}} & {\bf{Description}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{access}} & Always act as an access (nontrunk) port. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{trunk}} & Always act as trunk port. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{dynamic desirable}} & Initiates negotiation messages and responds to negotiation messages to  dynamically choose whether to start using trunking \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{dynamic auto}} & Passively waits to receive trunk negotiation messages, at which point  the switch will respond and negotiate whether to use trunking \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{You can change the mode with {\bf{switchport mode trunk}}. \newline  \newline For switches that support both ISL and 802.1Q you can use the command {\bf{switchport trunk encapsulation \{fot1q | isl | negotiate\}}} interface subcommand to allow Dynamic Trunking Protocol to negotiate the type. Though Cisco recommends disabling trunk negotiation on most ports for better security. \newline  \newline You can also use {\bf{show interfaces trunk}} to see the trunked interfaces}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VLAN Configuration Reference}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Command}} & {\bf{Description}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{vlan}} {\emph{vlan-id}} & Global config command that both creates the VLAN and  puts the CLI into VLAN configuration mode \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{name}} {\emph{vlan-name}} & VLAN subcommand that names the VLAN \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{[}no{]} shutdown}} & VLAN mode subcommand that enables (no shutdown)  or disables (shutdown) the VLAN \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{[}no{]} shutdown vlan}} {\emph{vlan-id}} & Global config command that has the same effect as the  {[}no{]} shutdown VLAN mode subcommands \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{vtp mode \{server | client |  transparent | off\}}} & Global config command that defines the VTP mode \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{switchport mode \{access |  dynamic \{auto | desirable\} | trunk\}}} & Interface subcommand that configures the trunking  administrative mode on the interface \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 5)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{switchport access vlan}} {\emph{vlan-id}} & Interface subcommand that statically configures the  interface into that one VLAN \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VLAN Configuration Reference (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{switchport trunk encapsulation \{dot1q | isl | negotiate\}}} & Interface subcommand that defines which type of  trunking to use, assuming that trunking is configured or  negotiated \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{switchport trunk native vlan}} {\emph{vlan-id}} & Interface subcommand that defines the native VLAN for  a trunk port \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{switchport nonegotiate}} & Interface subcommand that disables the negotiation of  VLAN trunking \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{switchport voice vlan}} {\emph{vlan-id}} & Interface subcommand that defines the voice VLAN on  a port, meaning that the switch uses 802.1Q tagging for  frames in this VLAN \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 7)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{switchport trunk allowed vlan  \{add | all | except | remove\}}} {\emph{vlan-list}} & Interface subcommand that defines the list of allowed  VLANs \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{show interfaces}} {\emph{interface-id}} {\bf{{[}switchport|trunk{]}}} & Lists information about any interface regarding  administrative settings and operational state / Lists information about all operational trunks \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Creating a VLAN}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Command}} & {\bf{Meaning}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
SW1(config)\# {\bf{vlan 2}} & Create the VLAN and to move the user into VLAN configuration mode. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
SW1(config-vlan)\# {\bf{name Hugos-vlan}} & Create a name for the VLAN. If not configured, the VLAN name is  VLANZZZZ, where ZZZZ is the four-digit decimal VLAN ID. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
SW1(config-vlan)\# {\bf{exit}} & Go back \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
SW1(config)\# {\bf{interface range fastethernet 0/13 - 14}} & Used to move into interface configuration mode for each desired interface. \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
SW1(config-if)\# {\bf{switchport access vlan 2}} & Specify the VLAN number associated with that interface. Using this on a not yet created vlan {\bf{will create one}}, be careful with this \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 7)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
SW1(config-if)\# {\bf{switchport mode access}} & Make this port always operate in access mode (that is, to not  trunk) \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
SW1(config-if)\# {\bf{end}} & Go back \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Creating a VLAN (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
SW1\# {\bf{show vlan brief}} & Show what we have created \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Configuration Command Reference}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Command}} & {\bf{Description}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{spanning-tree mode \{pvst | rapid-pvst  | mst\}}} & Global configuration command to set the STP mode. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{spanning-tree {[}}} {\emph{vlan vlan-number}} {\bf{{]}  root primary}} & Global configuration command that changes this  switch to the root switch. The switch's priority is  changed to the lower of either 24,576 or 4096 less  than the priority of the current root bridge when the  command was issued. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 12)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{spanning-tree {[}}} {\emph{vlan vlan-number}} {\bf{{]}  root secondary}} & Global configuration command that sets this switch's  STP base priority to 28,672. \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{spanning-tree vlan}} {\emph{vlan-id}} {\bf{priority}} {\emph{priority}} & Global configuration command that changes the  bridge priority of this switch for the specified VLAN. \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{spanning-tree {[}vlan}} {\emph{vlan-number}} {\bf{{]}  cost}} {\emph{cost}} & Interface subcommand that changes the STP cost to  the configured value. \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Configuration Command Reference (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{spanning-tree {[}vlan}} {\emph{vlan-number}} {\bf{{]} port-priority}} {\emph{priority}} & Interface subcommand that changes the STP port  priority in that VLAN (0 to 240, in increments of 16). \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{channel-group}} {\emph{channel-group-number}} {\bf{mode \{auto | desirable | active | passive | on\}}} & Interface subcommand that enables EtherChannel on  the interface. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{show spanning-tree}} & Lists details about the state of STP on the switch,  including the state of each port. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{show spanning-tree vlan}} {\emph{vlan-id}} & Lists STP information for the specified VLAN. \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{show etherchannel {[}}} {\emph{channel-group-number}} {\bf{{]} \{brief | detail | port | portchannel | summary\}}} & Lists information about the state of EtherChannels on  this switch. \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.1169 cm} x{9.1531 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Command Reference for Routing (Basic)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Command}} & {\bf{Description}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Interface}} {\emph{type number}} & Global command that moves the user into configuration mode of  the named interface. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{ip address}} {\emph{address mask}} & Interface subcommand that sets the router's IPv4 address and  mask. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{show interfaces}} {[}{\emph{type number}}{]} & Lists a large set of informational messages about each  interface, or about the one specifically listed interface. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{show ip interface brief }} & Lists a single line of information about each interface,  including the IP address, line and protocol status, and the  method with which the address was configured (manual or  Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol {[}DHCP{]}). \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 11)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{show protocols}} {[}{\emph{type number}}{]} & Lists information about the listed interface (or all interfaces  if the interface is omitted), including the IP address, mask,  and line/protocol status. \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}



\end{document}