\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{tm12345678} \pdfinfo{ /Title (introduction-to-epidemiology-chapter-4.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (tm12345678) /Subject (Introduction to Epidemiology Chapter 4 Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{A3A3A3} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F3F3F3} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Introduction to Epidemiology Chapter 4 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{tm12345678} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/215873/cs/47061/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}tm12345678 \\ \uline{cheatography.com/tm12345678} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 22nd September, 2025.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{2} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.28 cm} x{4.72 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Terminology}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Chronic disease epidemiology & Study of the distribution and determinants of chronic diseases and conditions in human populations and the application of this study to prevent and control these diseases and conditions. \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 9) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Latency period. & The time from exposure to clinical signs of a chronic disease. \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Multifactorial etiology & Disease with multiple cause factors. \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Environment & Physical, chemical, biological, and social factors that can influence the health status of people. \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 5) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Physical stresses & Factors that influence health and health-related behaviors include excessive heat, cold, and noise; radiation (electromagnetic, ultrasound, microwave, x-irradiation); vehicular collisions; workplace injuries; climate change; ozone depletion; housing; and so on. \tn % Row Count 31 (+ 12) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.28 cm} x{4.72 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Terminology (cont)}} \tn % Row 5 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Ionizing radiation & High-energy radiation capable of breaking chemical bonds in atoms and molecules. Therefore causes cancer. \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{white} Toxicokinetics & Area of study on how a chemical substance enters the body and the course it takes while in the body. \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 5) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Malnutrition & Occurs in people experiencing either undernutrition or overnutrition. \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 3) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{white} Undernutrition & A consequence of consuming too few essential vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients or excreting them faster than they can be replenished. \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 7) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Overnutrition & A form of malnutrition in which there is an excessive intake of nutrients. \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 4) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{white} Disability & The diminished capacity to perform within a prescribed range. \tn % Row Count 27 (+ 3) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Impairment & Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiologic, or anatomic structure or function. \tn % Row Count 31 (+ 4) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.28 cm} x{4.72 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Terminology (cont)}} \tn % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Activity limitation & Involves difficulty an individual may have in executing activities. \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} Participation restriction & Any problem individuals may experience in their involvement in life situations. \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Priorities in Disease Prevention and Control}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Which disease, disorder, or condition has the greatest impact on illness, disability, injury, lost work time or school time, unnecessary use of health resources, rehabilitation costs, family disruption, economics, and costs?} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Are special populations or groups of people suffering from exposures to diseases, agents, risk factors, or hazards?} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Which susceptible populations are most likely to respond to prevention, intervention, and control measures?} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 3) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Which risk factors, diseases, agents, or hazards are most likely to respond to control measures?} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Are there diseases, disabilities, injuries, disorders, or conditions that need to be investigated, that are being overlooked, or that are not being responded to by other organizations or agencies?} \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 4) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Of the many risk factors, diseases, agents, or hazards, which would yield the greatest improved health status, social impact, and economic benefit to the target population?} \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Priorities in Disease Prevention and Control}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Which disease, disorder, or condition has the greatest impact on illness, disability, injury, lost work time or school time, unnecessary use of health resources, rehabilitation costs, family disruption, economics, and costs?disability, injury, lost work time or school time, unnecessary use of health resources, rehabilitation costs, family disruption, economics, and costs?} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 8) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Are special populations or groups of people suffering from exposures to diseases, agents, risk factors, or hazards?} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Which susceptible populations are most likely to respond to prevention, intervention, and control measures?} \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 3) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Which risk factors, diseases, agents, or hazards are most likely to respond to control measures?} \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Are there diseases, disabilities, injuries, disorders, or conditions that need to be investigated, that are being overlooked, or that are not being responded to by other organizations or agencies?} \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 4) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Of the many risk factors, diseases, agents, or hazards, which would yield the greatest improved health status, social impact, and economic benefit to the target population?} \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 4) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Of the many risk factors, diseases, agents, or hazards, which are of national, regional, state, or local concern and of major priority for an epidemiological investigation?} \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Priorities in Disease Prevention and Control}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Which disease, disorder, or condition has the greatest impact on illness, disability, injury, lost work time or school time, unnecessary use of health resources, rehabilitation costs, family disruption, economics, and costs?disability, injury, lost work time or school time, unnecessary use of health resources, rehabilitation costs, family disruption, economics, and costs?} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 8) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Are special populations or groups of people suffering from exposures to diseases, agents, risk factors, or hazards?} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Which susceptible populations are most likely to respond to prevention, intervention, and control measures?} \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 3) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Which risk factors, diseases, agents, or hazards are most likely to respond to control measures?} \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Are there diseases, disabilities, injuries, disorders, or conditions that need to be investigated, that are being overlooked, or that are not being responded to by other organizations or agencies?} \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 4) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Of the many risk factors, diseases, agents, or hazards, which would yield the greatest improved health status, social impact, and economic benefit to the target population?} \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 4) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Of the many risk factors, diseases, agents, or hazards, which are of national, regional, state, or local concern and of major priority for an epidemiological investigation?} \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.4 cm} x{5.6 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Process of Toxicokinetics}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Absorption & Entrance of the substance into the body. \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{Distribution} & Movement of the substance from where it enters the body to other sites in the body, such as the liver, blood and lymph circulation, kidney, 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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/tm12345678_1758499878_Screenshot 2025-09-21 201033.png}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Workplace Carcinogens Examples}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/tm12345678_1758499901_Screenshot 2025-09-21 201030.png}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Medicare Chronic Disease Services by Age}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 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