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% Document Info
\author{Tính Vy (tinhvy)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (python-for-novices.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Tính Vy (tinhvy))
  /Subject (Python for Novices Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Python for Novices Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Tính Vy (tinhvy)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/132374/cs/37194/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Tính Vy (tinhvy) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/tinhvy} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 19th February, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




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\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{TOPIC 01: INTRODUCTION}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{- Python Introduction \newline - Getting Started \newline - Keywords \& Identifiers \newline - Statements \& Comments \newline - Python Variables \newline - Python Datatypes \newline - Python Type Conversion \newline - Python I/O and Import \newline - Python Operators \newline - Python Namespace}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.1. Install Thonny Python IDE}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Link to download Thonny Python IDE for beginners} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}https://thonny.org/} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Thonny is a popular Python Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that is designed for beginners and students learning to program in Python.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.2. Run Thorny Python IDE}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/tinhvy_1676778391_thorny_get_started.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Thonny comes with Python 3.10 built in, so just one simple installer is needed and you're ready to learn programming. (You can also use a separate Python installation, if necessary.) The initial user interface is stripped of all features that may distract beginners.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.3. Python Programming Keywords}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{False} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{None} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{True} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{and} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{In Python, All keywords are case sensitive. All the keywords except True, False and None are in lowercase and they must be written as it is.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.4. Create a program to test Keywords}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} import keyword \newline \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} \seqsplit{keyword.iskeyword("tutsmake.com")} \newline False \newline \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} keyword.iskeyword("try") \newline True \newline \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.5. Python Programming identifiers}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Identifier rules of Python} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Rule 1:}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Use either a lowercase (A to Z) or an uppercase (A to Z) sequence of letters. However, you can also add digits (0 to 9) or an underscore (\_) while writing identity in python.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}For example:- Names like myClass, my\_1, and upload\_image\_to\_db are all valid identifiers.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Rule 2:}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}You cannot write digit with the start of an identifier. This will assume invalid. But you can write digit with the end of the identifier.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}For Example:- If you write identifier like 1variable, it is invalid, but variable1 is perfectly fine.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Rule 3:}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Python Programming Reserved Keywords cannot be used as identifiers. Like del, global, not, with, as, if, etc.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Rule 4:}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Also, you can not use special character as an identifier in python programming like '.', '!', '@', '\#', '\$', '\%' , etc.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Rule 5:}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The identifier can be of any length.} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{In the Python programming language, identifiers are user-defined names. Which represents functions, classes, variables, and any other objects in the code. It helps to distinguish one identity from another.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.6. Create a program to test identifier}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} 'jonh'.isidentifier() \newline True \newline \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} '1hello'.isidentifier() \newline False \newline \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} \seqsplit{'tutsmake.com'.isidentifier()} \newline False \newline \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} \seqsplit{'tutsmake\_com'.isidentifier()} \newline True} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.7. Python Statement}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Simple Assignment Statement}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Syntax:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`variable = expression`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Example:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Multi-line statement}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Use a new line character to break the statement line} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`x = 5 + 4 + 2 + \textbackslash{} \{\{nl\}\}     1 + 6 + 4 + \textbackslash{}\{\{nl\}\}     9 + 7 + 8`\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Use parentheses ( ), brackets {[} {]} and braces \{ \}.} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`x = (5 + 4 + 2 +\{\{nl\}\}     1 + 6 + 4 +\{\{nl\}\}     9 + 7 + 8)`\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
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% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`colors = {[}'red',\{\{nl\}\}          'blue',\{\{nl\}\}          'green'{]}`\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Multiple line statements in signle line.} \tn 
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% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Use semicolons} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`a = 1; b = 2; c = 3`} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{In python programming, A statement is a logical instruction. Which can read and execute by Python interpreter. In Python, it could be an expression or an assignment statement.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} x{7.2 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.8. Python Indentation}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Python uses indentation}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{A code block starts with indentation and ends with the first unindented line. And a code block that represents the body of a function, loop, etc.  For example:} \tn 
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 & `for i in range(1,9):\{\{nl\}\}     print(i)\{\{nl\}\}     if i == 5:\{\{nl\}\}         break`\{\{nl\}\} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Python Comments}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Single line comment} \tn 
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 & `\#This is hello world by tutsmake.com\{\{nl\}\} print('Hello world')` \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Multi line comment} \tn 
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 & `\#This is hello world program\{\{nl\}\} \#by tutsmake.com\{\{nl \#hello\{\{nl print('Hello world'` \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & `"""This is also a\{\{nl\}\}     multi line\{\{nl\}\}     comments"""\{\{nl\}\} print('Hello world')` \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.9. Docstring in Python}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Docstring in Python} \tn 
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 & `def myFunc(no):\{\{nl\}\}     """Function to 10x the value"""\{\{nl\}\}     return 10*no` \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{access the code above} \tn 
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% Row 3
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 & `\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} \seqsplit{print(myFunc.\_\_doc\_\_)`} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.10. Python Variable and Type}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Rules for creating a variable in python}}} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Rule 1:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}A variable name must begin with a letter or the underscore character} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Rule 2:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}A variable name cannot begin with a number} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Rule 3:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The python variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9, and \_ )} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Rule 4:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}A Variable names are case-sensitive Like name, Name and NAME are three different variables} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Python declare/create variable}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Here first we will create/declare a variable. And also assign value to it.} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`x = 10\{\{nl\}\}print("My fav no is " + x)`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Change variable value in python}}} \tn 
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% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{We will create a variable and change the value of this variable at runtime.} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`x = 10\{\{nl\}\}print("My fav no is " + x)\{\{nl\}\}x = 15\{\{nl\}\}print("My fav no is " + x) `} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Assigning a single value to multiple variables}}} \tn 
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% Row 10
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Python allows to assign a single value to several variables simultaneously.} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`x = y = z = 10\{\{nl\}\}print(x)\{\{nl\}\}print(y)\{\{nl\}\}print(z)`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Assigning a different values to multiple variables}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`x, y, z = 5, "string", 99  \{\{nl\}\}print(x)  \{\{nl\}\}print(y)  \{\{nl\}\}print(z)`} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 4)
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.10. Python Variable and Type (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Types of variables}}} \tn 
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% Row 13
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Local Variable} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Which variables are made inside the function. They are called local variables. Local variables can be used only inside the function.  For example:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`  def valfun():\{\{nl\}\}    x = "great"\{\{nl\}\}    print("Python is " + x)\{\{nl\}\}  valfun()`} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Global Variable} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Which variables are made outside the function. They are called global variables. Global variables can be used both inside and outside the function.  For example:} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` x = "great"\{\{nl\}\}  def valfun():\{\{nl\}\}    print("Python is " + x)\{\{nl\}\}  valfun() `} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.11. Data Types in Python}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Numbers Data Type}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Integer, floating-point numbers, and complex numbers under the category of Python numbers. Those you define as int, float and complex classes.  For example:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` a = 10\{\{nl\}\} print(a, "is of type", type(a))\{\{nl\}\}\{\{nl\}\} a = 50.0\{\{nl\}\} print(a, "is of type", type(a))\{\{nl\}\}\{\{nl\}\} a = 11+2j\{\{nl\}\} print(a, "is complex number?", isinstance(11+2j,complex)) `} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 9)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Output of the above program is following:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` 10 is of type \textless{}class 'int'\textgreater{}\{\{nl\}\} 50.0 is of type \textless{}class 'float'\textgreater{}\{\{nl\}\} (11+2j) is complex number? True `} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{List Data Type}}} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{list data types hold different types of data. it does not need to be of the same type. The items stored in the list are separated with a comma (,) and enclosed within square brackets {[}{]}.} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` a = {[}10, 5.5, 'python'{]} \{\{nl\}\} print(a) \{\{nl\}\} a = {[}5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40{]} \{\{nl\}\} \# a{[}2{]} = 15 \{\{nl\}\} print("a{[}2{]} = ", a{[}2{]}) \{\{nl\}\} \# a{[}0:3{]} = {[}5, 10, 15{]} \{\{nl\}\} print("a{[}0:3{]} = ", a{[}0:3{]}) \{\{nl\}\} \# a{[}5:{]} = {[}30, 35, 40{]} \{\{nl\}\} print("a{[}5:{]} = ", a{[}5:{]}) `} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 10)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{The output of the above program is following:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` {[}10, 5.5, 'python'{]}\{\{nl\}\} a{[}2{]} =  15\{\{nl\}\} a{[}0:3{]} =  {[}5, 10, 15{]}\{\{nl\}\} a{[}5:{]} =  {[}30, 35, 40{]} `} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Tuple Data Type}}} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 1)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.11. Data Types in Python (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{A tuples data type is alike to list data type. But it is only one difference, once tuples created can not be changed/modify. \{\{nl\}\}Tuples contain the collection of the items of different data types alike list data type. The items of the tuple are separated with a comma (,) and enclosed in parentheses ().} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` a = (8,'python', 1+2j) \{\{nl\}\} \# a{[}1{]} = 'program' \{\{nl\}\} print("a{[}1{]} = ", a{[}1{]}) \{\{nl\}\} \# a{[}0:3{]} = (5, 'program', (1+3j)) \{\{nl\}\} print("a{[}0:3{]} = ", a{[}0:3{]}) `} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 11)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Output of the above code is following:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` a{[}1{]} =  python \{\{nl\}\} a{[}0:3{]} =  (8, 'python', (1+2j)) `} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Strings Data Type}}} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{A string is a sequence of characters in Python. In python, Strings are either enclosed with single quotes, double, and triple quotes.} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` string = 'Hello world!' \{\{nl\}\} \# string{[}1{]} = 'e' \{\{nl\}\} print("string{[}1{]} = ", string{[}1{]}) \{\{nl\}\} mString = """Hello world! \{\{nl\}\}               this is multi \{\{nl\}\}               line string example""" \{\{nl\}\} print(mString) `} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 8)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Output of the above program is the following:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` string{[}1{]} =  e \{\{nl\}\} Hello world! \{\{nl\}\}               this is multi  \{\{nl\}\}               line string example `} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 4)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Set Data Type}}} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Set data types hold unordered collection of unique items. The items stored in the set data types are separated with a comma (,) and enclosed within square brackets \{ \}.} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` abc = \{5,2,3,1,4\} \{\{nl\}\} \# printing set variable \{\{nl\}\} print("abc = ", abc) \{\{nl\}\} \# data type of variable a \{\{nl\}\} print(type(abc)) `} \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 7)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.11. Data Types in Python (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Output of the above program is following:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` abc =  \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}\{\{nl\}\} \textless{}class 'set'\textgreater{} `} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Dictionary Data Type}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Dictionary data types is held data in key and value pairs.  Note:- A dictionary data type does not allow duplicate keys in collection. But the values ​​can be duplicate.  For example:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}` dict = \{1:"john","lastname":"smith", "age":25\} \{\{nl\}\} \# prints the value where key value is 1 \{\{nl\}\} print(dict{[}1{]}) \{\{nl\}\} \# prints the value where key value is "lastname" \{\{nl\}\} print(dict{[}"lastname"{]}) \{\{nl\}\} \# prints the value where key value is "age" \{\{nl\}\} print(dict{[}"age"{]}) `} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 11)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Output of the above program is following:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}`john smith 25`} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{TOPIC: FLOW CONTROL}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{TOPIC: FUNCTIONS}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{TOPIC: DATATYPES}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{TOPIC: FILE HANDLING}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{- File Handling Operation \newline - Python open and close \newline - Python Read and Write \newline - Python File Delete}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{TOPIC: Python built-in Methods}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{- Math Functions \newline - Math Module Functions \newline - String Methods \newline - List Methods \newline - Dictionary Methods \newline - Set Methods}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}