\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{thatgabperson} \pdfinfo{ /Title (french-tenses-and-negatives.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (thatgabperson) /Subject (French Tenses and Negatives Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{FF0000} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{FFEFEF} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{French Tenses and Negatives Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{thatgabperson} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/81518/cs/19516/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}thatgabperson \\ \uline{cheatography.com/thatgabperson} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Published 12th May, 2019.\\ Updated 11th June, 2022.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{3} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Present}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -ER Verbs & -IR Verbs & -RE Verbs \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} e & is & s \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} es & is & s \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} e & it & \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ons & issons & ons \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} ez & issez & ez \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ent & issent & ent \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Remove}} the endings and {\bf{replace}} them} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Perfect - Infinitive}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} After having bought the ingredients, my parents made pancakes & Having been to school, I was very tired & After having fallen down the stairs, she went to the hospital \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Après avoir acheté des \seqsplit{ingrédients.} mes parents ont fait des crêpes & Étant allé au collège, j'étais très fatigué & Après être tombée en bas de l'escalier, elle est allée à l'hôpital \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 6) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{avoir}}: {\emph{Après avoir}} {\bf{or}} {\emph{ayant}} + {\emph{past participle}} \newline {\bf{être}}: {\emph{Après être}} {\bf{or}} {\emph{étant}} + {\emph{past participle}} \newline It's either {\bf{after having... }}or{\bf{ having....}} \newline When using {\bf{être}}, the past particple must agree with the subject \newline Used to show two details in the past in a sequence in one sentence} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Imperfect}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Stem endings & Example - écouter \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} ais & écoutais \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ais & écoutais \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} ait & écoutait \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ions & écoutions \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} iez & écoutiez \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} aient & écoutaient \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Stem + ending}} \newline To get the {\bf{stem}}, get the {\bf{nous present}} form of the verb and {\bf{remove}} the {\bf{ons}}. Then add the {\bf{ending}}. \newline e.g. écouter \textgreater{} écoutons \textgreater{} écout - stem} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.41887 cm} x{1.32733 cm} x{1.8308 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Present Particple}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Example - placer & Example - jeter & Example - préfére \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} plaçant = placing & jetant = throwing & préférant = preferring \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Stem}} + {\emph{ant}} \newline To get the {\bf{stem}}, get the {\bf{nous present}} form of the verb and {\bf{remove}} the {\bf{ons}}. Then add the {\bf{ant}}. \newline e.g. placer \textgreater{} plaçons \textgreater{} plaç - stem \newline {\bf{-ing}} form usually used with a {\bf{preposition}} to form a {\bf{gerund}} \newline e.g. en plaçant = by placing} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.18988 cm} x{2.78712 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Present Subjunctive}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Stem endings & Example - finir \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} e & finisse \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} es & finisses \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} e & finisse \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ions & finissions \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} iez & finissiez \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ent & finissent \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Stem}} + {\emph{ending}} \newline To get the {\bf{stem}}, get the {\bf{ils/elles present}} form of the verb and {\bf{remove}} the {\bf{ent}}. Then add the {\bf{ending}}. \newline e.g. finir \textgreater{} finissent \textgreater{} finiss - stem} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.39356 cm} x{3.58344 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Reflexive Verbs}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Pronouns & Example - s'appeller \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} me (m') & Je m'appelle \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} te (t') & Tu t'appelles \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} se (s') & Il/elle/on s'appelle \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} nous & Nous nous appelons \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} vous & Vous vous appelez \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} se & Ils/elles s'appellent \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Subject + pronoun + verb}} \newline {\bf{m'}} + {\bf{t'}} + {\bf{s'}} used before vowels or silent h} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Perfect - Reflexive Verbs}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Example - se disputer} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Je me suis disputé(e)} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Tu t'es disputé(e)} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Il/elle/on s'est disputé(e)(s)} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Nous nous sommes disputé(e)s} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Vous vous êtes disputé(e)(s)} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Ils/elles se sont disputé(e)s} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Subject + pronoun + form of être + past participle}} \newline Past participle should agree with the subject} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Perfect - avoir}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Stem endings & Example - chanter \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} -ER Verbs - é & J'ai chanté \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -IR Verbs - i & Tu as chanté \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} -RE Verbs - u & Il/elle/on a chanté \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Nous avons chanté \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & Vous avez chanté \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Ils/elles ont chanté \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Subject + auxiliary verb + past participle}} \newline {\bf{Remove}} the ending and {\bf{replace them}} to get past participle \newline {\bf{Most}} verbs use {\bf{avoir}} as the auxiliary verb but {\bf{movement verbs}} use {\bf{être}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.19002 cm} x{1.78503 cm} x{1.60195 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Simple Future}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Stem endings & Example - regarder & Example - perdre \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} ai & regarderai & perdrai \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} as & regarderas & perdras \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} a & regardera & perdra \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ons & regarderons & perdrons \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} ez & regarderez & perdrez \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ont & regarderont & perdront \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Stem + ending}} \newline {\bf{er and ir verbs}}-the stem is the infinitive \newline {\bf{re verbs}}-the stem is infinitive but chop off the e \newline {\bf{irregular}}-the stem is the same for the conditional} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.28942 cm} x{2.68758 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pluperfect}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Example - trouver & Example - monter \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} J'avais trouvé & J'étais monté(s) \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} T'avais trouvé & T'étais monté(s) \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Elle avait trouvé & Elle était monté(e)(s) \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Nous avions trouvé & Nous étions monté(e)s \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} Vous aviez trouvé & Vous étiez monté(e)(s) \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Ils/elles avaient trouvé & Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Subject}} + {\emph{auxillary verb (imperfect)}} + {\emph{past participle}} \newline J'avais trouvé = I had found \newline When using {\bf{être}}, the past particple must agree with the subject} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Perfect - être}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Stem endings & Example - sortir \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} -ER Verbs - é & Je suis sorti(e) \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -IR Verbs - i & Tu es sorti(e) \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} -RE Verbs - u & Il/elle/on est sorti(e)(s) \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Nous sommes sorti(e)s \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & Vous êtes sorti(e)(s) \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Ils/elles sont sorti(e)s \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Subject + auxiliary verb + past participle}} \newline {\bf{Remove}} the ending and {\bf{replace them}} to get past participle \newline Movement verbs {\bf{from A to B}} use {\bf{être}} as their auxiliary verb {\bf{(DRMRSVANDERTRAMP)}} \newline When using {\bf{être}} as the auxiliary verb, the past participle has to agree with the subject e.g. Je suis allée (female)} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.19002 cm} x{1.55618 cm} x{1.8308 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Conditional}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Stem endings & Example - manger & Example - répondre \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} ais & mangerais & répondrais \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ais & mangerais & répondrais \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} ait & mangerait & répondrait \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ions & mangerions & répondrions \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} iez & mangeriez & répondriez \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} aient & mangeraient & répondraient \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Stem + ending}} \newline {\bf{er and ir verbs}}-the stem is the infinitive \newline {\bf{re verbs}}-the stem is infinitive but chop off the e \newline {\bf{irregular}}-the stem is the same for the simple future} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.18988 cm} x{2.78712 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Near Future}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Je vais porter & I'm going to wear \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Tu vas porter & You're going to wear \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Il/elle/on va porter & He/she/we are going to wear \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Nous allons porter & We're going to wear \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Vous allez porter & You're going to wear \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} Ils/elles vont porter & They're going to wear \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Subject}} + {\emph{part of aller}} + {\emph{infinitive}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69218 cm} x{3.28482 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Negatives}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Negatives & English \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} ne ... jamais & never \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ne ... ni ... ni & neither ... nor \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} ne ... pas & not \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ne ... personne & no one, nobody, anyone, anybody \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} ne ... plus & no more, no longer \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ne ... rien & nothing \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} ne ... que & only \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ne ... guère & hardly \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Subject + ne + verb + pas}} \newline AKA the {\bf{negative sandwich}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}