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% Document Info
\author{Jianmin Feng (taotao)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (oracle-12c-json-support.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Jianmin Feng (taotao))
  /Subject (Oracle 12c Json Support Cheat Sheet)
}

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\begin{multicols}{3}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Oracle 12c Json Support Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Jianmin Feng (taotao)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/79308/cs/19440/}}}
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\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Jianmin Feng (taotao) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/taotao} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 22nd April, 2019.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.59264 cm} x{3.38436 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oracle Json support}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
before 12.1 & pljson package \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
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\SetRowColor{white}
apex 5.0 & apex\_json \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
12.1 & native support \tn 
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12.2 & simpler, more functions \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Store JSON Documents}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{CREATE TABLE json\_doc ( \newline   id    RAW(16) NOT NULL, \newline   data  CLOB, \newline   CONSTRAINT json\_doc\_pk PRIMARY KEY (id), \newline   CONSTRAINT json\_doc\_json\_chk CHECK  \newline    (data IS JSON WITH UNIQUE KEYS(STRICT)) \newline ); \newline -{}-WITH UNIQUE KEYS: use care (performance) \newline -{}-(LAX):  Lax syntax by default, (STRICT) = (case insensitive ," equals ' etc) \newline -{}-ORA- 02290: if constraint violated when insert \newline  \newline INSERT INTO json\_doc (id, data) \newline VALUES (SYS\_GUID(), \newline '\{ \newline     "FirstName" : "John", \newline     "LastName" : "Doe", \newline      "Job"           : "Clerk", \newline      "Address"    : \{ \newline             "Street"       : "99 My Street", \newline              "City"          : "My City", \newline              "Country"    : "USA", \newline              "Postcode" : "12345"\}, \newline     "Phones" : {[}\{"Home":"123-456789"\}, \newline                 \{"Cell":"123-456789"\}{]}, \newline      "DateOfBirth"    : "01-JAN-1980", \newline      "Active"         : true \newline \}');} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{json stored in varchar2, clob; rarely in BLOB,NVARCHAR,NCLOB even supported}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Load Json by external table1}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{CREATE TABLE json\_doc\_ext(data clob) \newline ORGANI ZATION EXTERNAL \newline ( TYPE ORACLE \_LOADER \newline DEFAULT DIRECTORY ext\_dir \newline ACCESS PARAMETERS \newline   ( records delimited by newline \newline     fields terminated by 0X'09' \newline     missing field values are null \newline     badfile \seqsplit{ext\_dir:'json\_load.bad'} \newline     logfile \seqsplit{ext\_dir:'json\_load.log'} \newline     fields (data varchar2(5000) ) \newline    ) \newline   LOC ATION (ext\_dir: 'json\_file.txt') \newline ) REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED; \newline  \newline -{}-retrieve data \newline TRUNCATE TABLE json\_doc; \newline INSERT /{\emph{+ APPEND }}/ INTO json\_doc \newline   SELECT SYS\_GUID(), json\_document \newline   FROM   json\_doc\_ext \newline   WHERE  data IS JSON; \newline COMMIT;} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Load Json by external table2}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{CREATE TABLE json\_docs\_ext \newline   (id number, data clob) \newline ORGANI ZATION EXTERNAL \newline ( TYPE ORACLE \_LOADER \newline DEFAULT DIRECTORY ext\_dir \newline ACCESS PARAMETERS \newline   ( records delimited by newline \newline     fields terminated by 0X'09' \newline     missing field values are null \newline     ( id,fname ) \newline       COLUMN TRANSFORMS ( \newline       data FROM LOBFILE(f name) FROM (ext\_dir) ) \newline    ) \newline   LOC ATION (ext\_dir: 'json\_file\_list.txt') \newline ) REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED; \newline  \newline -{}-json\_file\_list.txt format \newline 1 file1.json \newline 2 file2.json \newline ... \newline -{}-retrieve data \newline TRUNCATE TABLE json\_docs; \newline INSERT /{\emph{+ APPEND }}/ INTO json\_doc \newline   SELECT SYS\_GUID(), json\_document \newline   FROM   json\_docs\_ext \newline   WHERE  data IS JSON; \newline COMMIT;} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Querying Json Data - dot notation}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{SELECT a.data.FirstName, \newline        a.data.LastName, \newline        a.data.phones.home AS home\_phone, \newline        a.data.phones.cell AS cell\_phone \newline FROM   json\_doc a \newline WHERE  \seqsplit{a.data.ContactDetails.Phone} IS NULL; \newline  \newline -{}-table must be aliased \newline -{}-col must IS JSON \newline -{}-key is intensive by default (LAX)} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Querying Json Data - JSON\_VALUE}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{SELECT JSON\_VALUE( \newline     a.data, '\$.Phones' \newline     RETURNING VARCHAR2(250) \newline     ERROR ON ERROR \newline   ) AS contact\_phones \newline FROM   json\_documents a \newline ORDER BY 1; \newline  \newline -{}-NULL ON ERROR (default) \newline -{}-ERROR ON ERROR \newline -{}-JSON\_VALUE returns scalar value, return complex values ( array, nested records) as null by default. \$.Phones is non scalar here \newline -{}-Supproted type: varchar2,number,date,timestamp,timestamp with time zone,sdo\_geometry, clob(18c),blob(18c) \newline -{}-default varchar2(4000)} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Querying Json Data - JSON\_EXISTS}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{SELECT a.data.FirstName, \newline        a.data.LastName, \newline        a.data.Phones.cellAS cell\_hone \newline FROM   json\_documents a \newline WHERE  JSON\_EXISTS( a.data.Phones, \newline                   '\$.cell' FALSE ON ERROR) \newline  \newline -{}-FALSE ON ERROR (default) \newline -{}-TRUE ON ERROR \newline -{}-ERROR ON ERROR} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Querying Json Data - JSON\_QUERY}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{SELECT a.data.FirstName,a.data.LastName, \newline        JSON\_QUERY( \newline           a.data, '\$.phones'  \newline           RETURNING VARCHAR2(1000)   \newline           WITH WRAPPER \newline       ) AS contact\_Phones \newline FROM   json\_documents a \newline ORDER BY a.data.FirstName, a.data.Last\_name; \newline  \newline -{}-JSON\_QUERY could return multiple values \newline -{}-return type: varchar2(4000), clob(18c),blob(18c) \newline -{}-with wrapper: {[} \{....\} {]}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Querying Json Data - JSON\_TABLE}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-{}-incoporates JSON\_VALUE,JSON\_EXISTS,JSON\_QUERY \newline CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW json\_doc\_v AS \newline SELECT row\_number, \newline    jt.first\_name,jt.last\_name, \newline   ,jt.addr\_city,jt.addr\_country, \newline    TO\_DATE(jt.dob, 'DD-MON-YYYY') AS dob \newline FROM   json\_doc, \newline   JSON\_TABLE(data, '\$' COLUMNS ( \newline      row\_num FOR ORDINA LITY, \newline      first\_name varchar2(50) PATH '\$.FirstName', \newline      last\_name varchar2(50) PATH '\$.LastName', \newline      addr\_city     varchar2(50 CHAR) \newline            PATH '\$.Address.City', \newline      addr\_country  varchar2(50 CHAR)  \newline           PATH '\$.Address.Country', \newline      dob varchar2(11) PATH '\$.DateOfBirth' \newline   )) jt; \newline  \newline -{}-NESTED (array) , Wrapper (nested records)  \newline SELECT jt.first\_name,jt.last\_name, \newline        jt.address.jt.phones \newline FROM   json\_documents, \newline    JSON\_TABLE(data, '\$' COLUMNS ( \newline      first\_name varchar2(50) PATH '\$.FirstName', \newline      last\_name varchar2(50) PATH '\$.LastName', \newline      addres varchar2(4000) \newline         FORMAT JSON WITH WRAPPER \newline         PATH '\$.address', \newline      NESTED PATH '\$.phones{[}*{]}' COLUMNS ( \newline          home\_phone varchar2(12) PATH '\$.home', \newline          cell\_phone varchar2(12) PATH '\$.cell', \newline      )         \newline   )) jt;} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{12.2 rewite JSON\_TABLE for fewer call to improve performance}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON\_TEXTCONTAINS}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. create context/full text search index \newline -{}-12.1 \newline CREATE INDEX json\_search\_idx ON json\_doc(data) \newline INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT \newline PARAMETERS ('section group  \newline   \seqsplit{CTXSYS.JSON\_SECTION\_GROUP} SYNC (ON COMMIT)'); \newline -{}-12.2 \newline CREATE INDEX json\_search\_idx ON json\_doc(data) {\bf{FOR JSON}}; \newline  \newline 2. collect stats \newline EXEC \seqsplit{DBMS\_STATS.gather\_table\_stats(user}, 'JSON\_DOC'); \newline  \newline 3. query \newline SELECT COUNT({\emph{) FROM json\_doc \newline WHERE JSON\_TEXTCONTAINS( data,  \newline         '\$.phones.home', '123-456789'); \newline SELECT COUNT(}}) FROM json\_doc \newline WHERE JSON\_EXISTS( data, '\$.phones');} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{3.08574 cm} x{1.89126 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{FORMAT JSON clause}}  \tn
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BLOB & explicit \tn 
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% Row 1
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CLOB,VARCHAR2 & implicit \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Dot Notation query Transformation}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10053 trace name context forever'; \newline  \newline SELECT a.data.FirstName, \newline        a.data.LastName \newline FROM   json\_documents a; \newline  \newline ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10053 trace name context off'; \newline -{}-{}-{}-- \newline Final query after transformations:{\bf{ UNPARSED QUERY }} \newline SELECT  \newline    JSON\_QUERY("A"."DATA" FORMAT JSON ,  \newline      '\$.FirstName' RETURNING VARCHAR2(4000) \newline      ASIS  WITHOUT ARRAY WRAPPER  \newline      NULL ON ERROR) "FIRSTNAME", \newline    JSON\_QUERY("A"."DATA" FORMAT JSON ,  \newline      '\$.LastName' RETURNING VARCHAR2(4000) \newline       ASIS  WITHOUT ARRAY WRAPPER  \newline       NULL ON ERROR) "LASTNAME" \newline FROM "TEST"."JSON\_DOCUMENTS" "A"} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Dot notation is automatically transformed to json\_query or json\_table for performance and index usage. It is good practice to avoid dot notion totally.}  \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Identifying Columns Containing JSON}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{SELECT table\_name, \newline        column\_name, \newline        format, \newline        data\_type \newline FROM   user\_json\_columns; \newline -{}-\{USER|ALL|DBA\}\_JSON\_COLUMNS} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL/JSON Generator functions}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{JSON\_OBJECT (KEY 'key\_val' VALUE t.col,....) \newline JSON\_OBJECTAGG (KEY t.col1 VALUE t.col2) \newline JSON\_ARRAY( \newline      ROWNUM, \newline      JSON\_OBJECT(KEY 'key\_val' VALUE t.col), \newline      ... \newline  ) \newline JSON\_ARRAYAGG(KEY t.col1 VALUE t.col2) \newline -{}- NULL ON NULL ( default) ABSENT ON NULL \newline -{}-RETURNING VARCHAR2(4000) by default \newline -{}-RETURNING VARCHAR2(32767) \newline -{}-CLOB(AGG function 12c, all for 18c), BLOB (18c) \newline -{}-FORMAT JSON required for BLOB only \newline -{}-TO\_CHAR(e.empno) to use number key \newline  \newline SELECT JSON\_OBJECT ( \newline   KEY 'departments' VALUE ( \newline      SELECT JSON\_ARRAYAGG( \newline         JSON\_OBJECT ( \newline           KEY 'department\_name' VALUE d.dname, \newline           KEY 'department\_no' VALUE d.deptno, \newline           KEY 'employees' VALUE ( \newline             SELECT JSON\_ARRAYAGG ( \newline                JSON\_OBJECT( \newline                   KEY 'emp\_no' VALUE e.empno, \newline                   KEY 'emp\_name' VALUE e.ename)) \newline             FROM   emp e \newline             WHERE  e.deptno = d.deptno) \newline          ))FROM   dept d \newline )) AS departments \newline FROM   dual;} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.93643 cm} x{2.04057 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oracle 18c JSON support}}  \tn
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JSON\_VALUE return & clob \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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JSON\_QUERY return & clob, blob \tn 
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SQL/JSON type & clob, blob \tn 
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JSON\_EQUAL Condition & new function \tn 
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JSON\_TABLE & simpler syntax \tn 
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SODA for PL/SQL & new function \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{https://oracle-base.com/articles/18c/json-support-in-oracle-database-18c}}  \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON\_EQUAL}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-{}-compare independent of order and format \newline -{}-18c \newline  \newline CREATE TABLE json\_equal\_tab ( \newline   id     NUMBER NOT NULL, \newline   data1  VARCHAR2(50), \newline   data2  VARCHAR2(50), \newline   CONSTRAINT json\_equal\_tab\_pk PRIMARY KEY (id), \newline   CONSTRAINT \seqsplit{json\_equal\_tab\_json1\_chk}  \newline        CHECK (data1 IS JSON), \newline   CONSTRAINT \seqsplit{json\_equal\_tab\_json2\_chk}  \newline        CHECK (data2 IS JSON) \newline ); \newline -{}- Matching members, order and format. \newline INSERT INTO json\_equal\_tab VALUES (2, '\{"name1":"value1","name2":"value2"\}', '\{"name1":"value1","name2":"value2"\}'); \newline  \newline -{}- Matching members/order, but differing format. \newline INSERT INTO json\_equal\_tab VALUES (3, '\{"name1":"value1","name2":"value2"\}', \newline '\{ "name1":"value1", "name2":"value2" \}'); \newline  \newline -{}- Matching members, but differing order. \newline INSERT INTO json\_equal\_tab VALUES (4, '\{"name1":"value1","name2":"value2"\}', '\{"name2":"value2","name1":"value1"\}'); \newline  \newline -{}-return 1 row \newline select {\emph{  \newline from json\_equal\_tab  \newline where data1=data2;  \newline  -{}-return 3 rows \newline select }}  \newline from json\_equal\_tab  \newline where JSON\_EQUAL(data1, data2);} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Current JSON\_EQUAL only valid in where or case when clause, no native PL/SQL support yet.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}