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\author{Taalithaa (Taalithaa)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (psychology-experimental-methods.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Taalithaa (Taalithaa))
  /Subject (Psychology - experimental methods Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Psychology - experimental methods Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Taalithaa (Taalithaa)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/183017/cs/40272/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Taalithaa (Taalithaa) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/taalithaa} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 3rd October, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{experimental methods - terms}}  \tn
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aim & what the researcher intends to find out \tn 
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hypothesis & what the researcher predicts will be the outcome of the experiment \tn 
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procedure & steps in order to carry out research \tn 
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findings & the principle outcomes of a research project - what the project has suggested revealed or indicated \tn 
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conclusion & what the findings tell us about people in general rather Han about specific participants - conclusions are used to construct theories \tn 
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demand \seqsplit{characteristics} & a cue in the environment that makes the participant aware of the aim of the study \tn 
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internal validity & when the researcher is able to measure what they intended to measure \tn 
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reliability & when the study can be carried out again and collect the same results \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
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mundane realism & when the tasks in the study are reflective of real life tasks \tn 
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hypothesis & An accurate and testable statement predicting the outcomes of the research project \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{There are two types of hypotheses....} \tn 
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1. Null hypothesis & 2. Alternative hypothesis \tn 
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a null hypothesis is used to predict that there will be no difference or relationship in the results & an alternative hypothesis is used to predict a difference or relationship in the results \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{There are two types of alternative hypothesis...} \tn 
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1. Directional hypothesis (one tailed) & 2. Non directional hypothesis (two tailed) \tn 
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a directional hypothesis states which direction the results are predicted to go. Eg. there will be an increase in... & a directional hypothesis states that there will be a difference but not which direction the results are predicted to go. Eg. there will be a difference between... \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 9)
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{extraneous variable}}  \tn
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extraneous variable & an extraneous variable is a variable that can affect the results if not controlled. & eg. age of pts, temperature, or researchers body language \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{there are three different types of extraneous variable...} \tn 
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1. Participant variables & 2. Situational variables & 3. Experimenter variables \tn 
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participant variables are differences in the participants between conditions that can affect the results. Eg. age, experience, ethnicity & situational variables are differences in the situation between conditions that can affect the results. Eg. temperature, noise level, time day & experimenter variables are differences in the \seqsplit{experimenters} body language or tone of voice between conditions that can affect the results. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{these extraneous variables can be controlled in different ways...} \tn 
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participant variables can be completely removed by using a repeated measures design. matched pairs design may help to control participant variables & situational variables may be controlled by using standardised procedures where as many of the variables in the conditions remain the same & experimenter variables can be overcome by writing down any instructions for the participants so the they dont have to interact with the \seqsplit{experimenter.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{strengths and weaknesses of experimental designs}}  \tn
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{\bf{strengths}} \{\{ac\}\} & {\bf{ weaknesses}} \{\{ac\}\} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{experiments}}  \tn
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{\bf{experiment}} & an experiment is a research method used to find an cause and effect relationship between the independent variable and the dependant variable \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{there four types of experimental methods... \{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
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{\bf{1. laboratory experiment}} & a laboratory experiment is used to investigate the causal relationship between the independent and dependant variable in controlled conditions \tn 
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{\bf{2. \{\{nl\}\} field experiment}} & a field experiment is used to investigate the causal relationship between the independent and dependant variable in more natural conditions \tn 
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{\bf{3. \{\{nl\}\} natural experiment}} & a natural experiment is used to investigate the relationship between the independent and dependant variable when the independent variable cannot be manipulated because it is something the participant has experienced \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 10)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{experiments (cont)}}  \tn
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{\bf{4. \{\{nl\}\} quasi experiment}} & a quasi experiment is used to investigate the relationship between the independent and dependant variable when the independent variable cannot be manipulated because it is a characteristic of the participant \tn 
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}