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% Document Info
\author{SweetDee}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (hoyos-property.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (SweetDee)
  /Subject (Hoyos Property Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Hoyos Property Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{SweetDee} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/32914/cs/10211/}}}
\end{tabulary}
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\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}SweetDee \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/sweetdee} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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\columnbreak
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  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 16th December, 2016.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{{\emph{Aquiring Property}}}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{State Acquisition}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Conquest}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. OIT: License occupancy, nonpossesory, revocable at any time} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Recognized Rights by Congress (statute/treaty) treats as sacred as Fee} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. US FEE: relationship is pupilage, duty to protect from 3rd parties and St. Gov't} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{If recognized by congress (statute/treaty), then gov't interference is subject to takings claim} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{THT: Mere assertion of JX is conquest. Dominion/Conquer? Physical v. legal. Battle or Legal (force of law): "threat of force" is suffiicent to be under US dominion} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Eminent Domain}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Taking of} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Private Property} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}State Protections for Residential Property} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. For Public Use} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}{\bf{{\emph{Kelo}}}} Public purpose, Economic Development, Police power, Comprehensive Plan v. A -\textgreater{}B (literal view), Nuisance} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Acquiring Property}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Individual Acquisition}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{First Posession}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. First in time} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Actual Possession} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Intent to Possess} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Depends on Policy:}} Controlling or holding of personal property with or without claim of ownership} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Rule of Capture v. Pre-possesory rights = Equitable Division} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Rule of Capture (Pierson): First with vested rights and power to exclude \newline Pre-Possessory Rights (Popov): Equitable division for peace, fight for exclusion may reward bad actors}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Finders}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{The finder of property is typically entitled to the property against all others except the true owner unless trespassing.}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Distinction w/ Lost/Mislaid/Abandoned} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Lost} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. TO 2. Finder} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Mislaid} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. TO 2. OLQ 3. Finder} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Abandoned} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. FInder 2. OLQ} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Trespass \newline Embedded \newline Treasure Trove}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Adverse Posession}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Grants a non-owner full ownership rights} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Actual Possession} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Physical use or occupation of the land} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Hostile} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\{\{fa-ban\}\} Objective- Whether or not the AP had the TO's permission to go on the property. No permission = hostile. \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-ban\}\} Subjective- \{\{nl\}\} {\emph{Good Faith}} (AP mistakenly uses another's property thinking it was hers)\{\{nl\}\}  (ex. Color of Title) \{\{nl\}\} {\emph{Bad Faith}}- AP knew property was not her own, and took possession anyway\{\{nl\}\} (ex. Claim of Right: rewards wrongdoers)} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 10)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Open and Continuous} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\{\{fa-binoculars\}\} Actual Notice- requires that the TO have actual knowledge that someone is on her property  \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-binoculars\}\} Constructive Knowledge- acts that a RDO would be expected to be put on notice. Visible to an onlooker (neighbors) that the AP is the TO} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 7)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{4. Exclusive} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}AP must have dominion and control and not share ownership rights with TO or 3rd party} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{5. Continous for} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\{\{fa-calendar\}\} Tolling: (SP time is paused)  \{\{nl\}\} If TO is under disability, time will not run agasint her the disability is removed. SOL is tolled (mental illness, minor, jail)  \{\{nl\}\} AP Tolling: \{\{nl\}\} Ousted by 3d party? Time is paused until AP's return.  \{\{nl\}\} Ousted by TO? Clock is restarted  \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-calendar\}\} Tacking:Adding the time period of successive possessors to meet the SP (must have privity of title and conveyed by previous AP)} \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 11)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Adverse Posession (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{6. Statutory Period} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\# of years} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Policy:}} \newline 1. Clarification of Title/Economic Efficiency \newline 2. Promotion of socially beneficial use of land  \newline 3. Protection of \seqsplit{expectation/psychological} consideration \newline 4.  Moral/Personhood}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sale}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Misrepresentation}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Makes a False Statement Concerning a Material Fact} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Seller Knows is False} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. With Intent to Induce Reliance by the buyer} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{4. Injures the Buyer} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Disclosure (Duty to disclose)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Known Facts} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Material to Sale} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Not within reach of a diligent buyer} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Policy: Caveat Emptor} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Title Protection}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Deed}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. General Warranty Deed} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Good against all defects of title} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Special Warranty Deed} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Only the action of the grantor are guaranteed.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. QuitClaim Deed} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}No kinds of warranty, no assurances that grantor has right to convey, sell "as is"} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Warranties of Title}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Present Covenant}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Breached, if at all, at conveyance} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Convenant of Seisin} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Guarantee that grantor owns the property} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Covenant of the Right to Convey Land} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Overlaps w/ previous covenant} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Convenant Against Encumberance} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}If there are encumberances, they must be disclosed.} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Future Covenant}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Breached, if at all, after conveyance} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Covenant of Warranty} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Compensation for losses caused} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Covenant of Quiet Enjoyment} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Damages awarded if disturbed w/ cliams of superior title} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Covenant of Further Assurance} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The grantor will execute any documents to perfect title.} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 3)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Recording System}}}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Designed to proect the subsequent {\bf{Bona Fide Purchaser}} (BFP, actually pays interest for value)} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Title Protection (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Race} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Language of Time: First in time nad the first person who records gets the property.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Notice} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Language of Notice: Whether the BFP had notice of the prior conveyance. The last bonafide purchaser wins if she had no notice of prior interest..} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 5)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Race-Notice} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Subsequent purchaser can prevail agaisnt prior purchasers only if 1) they didn't know of prior purchasers, and 2) if they are the first to record the interest} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of Notice}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Recordation system} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Grantor-Grantee Index} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Validity} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Notice involves knowing that there is a competing claim. {\bf{Wild deeds}} do not count as record ntoice (outside the chain of title). Grantee shoudl check if the grantor has the property to convey.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Actual Notice} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Conscious of a competing claim} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Record Notice} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Constructive knowledge with anything that has been recorded (does not include wild deeds)} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Inquiry Notice} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Person should've known if facts warrant an investigation. Inquiry notice does not include anything that is not discoverable.} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ownership and Possession: Sequential Ownership}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Ownership Accross Time}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.51041 cm} x{1.3731 cm} x{1.69349 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Present Estates and Future Interest}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Present Estate}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{WOL}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Future Interst}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
FSA &  & O \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
FSD & TIme & POR \{\{nl\}\} (automatic) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
FSSCS & Condition & ROE \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
FSSEI & T/C & EI \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
LE & For life & O/R \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
LE PAV & For another's life & O/R \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
LE4Y & For time & O/R \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Ambiguous}}}} \newline FSD or FSSCS: Modern Trend is FSSCS \newline Precatory Language \newline FS or LE in R: Presumption of alienability}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{3.53367 cm} p{1.44333 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Remainder}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
VRA & CR \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
VRSTD & EI \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{VRS20/PD} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Policy: Certainty of vesting \newline  \newline {\bf{Waste Doctrine:}} \newline Affirmative Waste \newline Permissive Waste \newline Ameliorative Waste \newline  \newline FI has no rights until property possessory. However, if LE allows AP, FI can sue for Permissive Waste and sue LE for injunction}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Remainder Rules}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
1. Worthier Title & Remainder O's Heirs \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
2. Rule in Shelley's Case & LE in A, R in A's heirs: A has LE and VRA (B's Intent to protect FI) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
3. RSC applies Merger & LE in A + heirs: A has FSA (alienability) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
4. RSC not applied? & LE in A, R in A's heirs: A has LE, A's heirs have CR \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
4. Class Gifts & All or Nothing \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
5. Destructibility Doctrine & Destroys CRs if they did not vest whent he preceding LE ended \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.09494 cm} x{3.88206 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Rule Against Perpetuities (RAP)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Grays Rule & Future Interests are valid only if they must vest or fail by the end of a life in being, plus 21 years \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
1. & FIs subject to RAP? CR, EI, or VRS2O \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
2. & Identify the Measuring life (causal) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
3. & Kill ML + 1 day after conveyance. Will it fail to vest within the perpetuity period?  Yes, RAP is satisfied \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
4. & If not vested by 21 years, FI is void. Strike out violating language. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
5. & Reconstrue the conveyance with the remaining language \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Class Gifts & 1. Terminated: All or Nothing \{\{nl\}\} 2. Modified: Rule of Convenience (closes the class when the remainder becomes possessory; the members of the class who are vested at the time of the closing take their share without threat of furhter partial divestment. Contingent remainders are invalid) \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 10)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Wait/See:} & Modern Trend: Courts will wait until condition occurs or perpetuities period has ended, which ever comes first \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.09494 cm} x{3.88206 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Rule Against Perpetuities (RAP) (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Cy Pres: & Appoach where courts may reduce theh age contingency to 21 to validate the future interest (25 to 21) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Policy: Promotes Alienability} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ownership and Possession: Simultaneous Ownership}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Co-Ownership}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Tenancies}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Tenancy In Common}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}*Each tenant, no matter how small the fractional interest, has the right to possess the whole unless all parties agree. \{\{nl\}\} *Presumption in TIC over JT} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Joint Tenancy}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}*Each tenant has the right to possess the whole. JTs req to possess equal fractional interests. \{\{nl\}\} *Right of Survivorship- When a JT dies, her property interest is immediately transferred the to the remaining JT's in equal shares. \{\{nl\}\} *Created by 4 Unities: time, title, interest, possession. Severance destroys unity(s).} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 9)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Tenancy by the Entirety}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}*Created by Unities: 1. Time, 2. Title, 3. Interest, 4. Possession, 5. Marriage. \{\{nl\}\} *Right of Survivorship- Unlike JT, tenant cannot unilaterally sever TE. \{\{nl\}\} *Per Tout et non per My- Both husband and wife must convey to sever or destroy the JT. \{\{nl\}\} *Lien Theory: Know creditor issue (1 tenant not responsible for debts of the other, mortgage has no effect).} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 9)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{TIC/JT/TIE Issues}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Partition}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. Physical: parcel is divided phsycially \{\{nl\}\} 2. Sale: Property be sold with proceeds divided as fractional interest} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Ouster v. Abandonment}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. Explicit Act by which 1 co-owener wrongfully excludes other from jointly owned property \{\{nl\}\} 2. Constructive Ouster- character of the property must be such as to make joint occupancy impossible or impractiable (requires that ousted tenant make demand for rent as an affirmative act)} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Adverse Possession}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Requires an affirmative act by which the non-posessory tenant is put on notice that her co-owner is claiming adversely to the non-possessory interest because each co-owner has the right to possess the whole.} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Rights}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Rights to share rents paid by 3d parties \{\{nl\}\} Right to lease her proeprty witho} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Separating Posession from Ownership}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Leaseholds}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Leaseholds}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Type}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Residential and Commercial} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Categories}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Term of Years} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Specified period of time determined by the parties. FI in reversion or remainder in 3rd party.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Periodic Tenancy} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Renewed automatically at specified periods unless either the landlord or the tenant chooses to end the relationship. Ex) month to month. Requires notice be given to end relationship.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Tenancy at Will} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Similar to PT, however can be ended with no notice. Death of either party ends the tenancy. Still required to give notice, but has an absolute right to evict without being subject to defenses.} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{4. Tenancy at sufferance (holdover tenant)} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Tenant who is in rightful possession but wrongfully statys after leasehold has terminated.} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Lease or Licence}}:  \newline {\emph{Lease}}: Owner transfers exclusive possession of a defined space with intent to create tenancy \newline {\emph{License}}: Non-possessory right to enter another's land for some delineated purpose, freely revocable at any time by the grantor \newline Important- Lease requires notice to evict}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tenant's Right to Assign/Sublease}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Assignment}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Conveys all tenant's remaing property interest without retaining any future rights of entry \{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Sublease}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Tenant retains some future interest or in the right to control the property in the future} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Residential:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}LL can arbitarily refuse to assign/sublease} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Commercial:} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}LL cannot arbitarily refuse to assign/sublease but must be reasonable} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tenants Right to Habitable Premise}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Damages} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Rent Abatement or Injunction} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Implied Warranty of Habitability}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. Must be referenced to housing/building code \{\{nl\}\} 2. Landlord must have notice \{\{nl\}\} 3. Defects by general community standards of suitability for occupancy \{\{nl\}\} 4. Landlord has reasonable time to fix it \{\{nl\}\} ** Tenant may move out before the end of hte lease or stay and either stop paying rent or receive reduced rent until conditions are fixed} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 9)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Breach of Covenant of Quiet Enjoyment}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Use/Enjoyment \{\{nl\}\} 1. Actual Eviction (changing the locks), \{\{nl\}\} 2. {\bf{Contructive Eviction}}, \{\{nl\}\} 3. Partial Constructive Eviction (interference leads to abandon a portion), \{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Constructive Eviction}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. Substantial Interference w/ cov't of QE (use/enjoyment), \{\{nl\}\} 2. That make it Uninhabitable \{\{nl\}\}3. Actual abandonment} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{QE applicable for other tenants} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Generally no, unless landlord can control the action causing the nuisance (contextual analysis)} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Retaliatory Eviction}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}There is a presumption that eviction is retaliatory if it is within 6 mo. of the complaint of housing violations} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{RE Rest. Factors not retaliatory:  \newline 1. Legitimate business judgement \newline 2. Good faith to dispose entire leased property or for different use \newline 3. LL lacks financial ability to repair \newline 4. LL did not act at first opportuniyt \newline 5. LL was unaware of the T's activities protected by statute \newline 6. LL's act was not discriminatory}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.74655 cm} x{4.23045 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Fair Housing Act (FHA)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Can't discriminate because of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, disability, and familial status.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{3602(b)} & Defines dwelling (roommate not dwelling) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{3602(c)} & Can't make, print, publish any notice statement or ad indicating preference or limitation \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{3604(a)} & To refuse to sell/rent/negotiate after the making of a bona fide offer because of race, color, religion, sex, familial status, or national origin. \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{3604(d)} & Prohibits false dissemmination of false information regarding availabiilty of housing because of race \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sex Discrimination (FHA)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sex Discrimination} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Hostile \seqsplit{Environment/Uncomfortable} advances to tenant affects the lease \{\{nl\}\} Quid Pro Quo (Sex for reduced payment)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Prima Facie Case Met} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. Member of protected class \{\{nl\}\}  2. Subject to unwelcome sexual conduct \{\{nl\}\} 3. Terms/conditions of situation adversely change (use/enjoyment) \{\{nl\}\} 4. Change causally connected to rejection \{\{nl\}\} 5. Hostile Environment} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Remedy} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}FHA Sect. 3613: Entitled to Rescission of lease.  May award actual and punitive damages, and if appropriate, any permanent or temporary injunction, temporary restraining order, or other order.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Race Discrimination (similar to above)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Protected class} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Apply and qualify to rent} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Denied the opportunity to rent/inspect/negotiate for the rental} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{4. The housing opportunity remained available} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Trespass}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Unprivileged} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Intentional} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Physical Intrusion} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Exceptions: Necessary by Emergency, Prior consent, and Public Policy} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Policy: Protects Possessory Interest}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nuisance}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Five Factors to determine Nuisance}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. Location \{\{nl\}\} 2. Time \{\{nl\}\} 3. Surroundings \{\{nl\}\} 4. Situation \{\{nl\}\} 5. Manner in which business is performed} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{1. Intentional}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}{\bf{(1)}} Whether the person knows or should have known the results of her conduct \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{(2)}} Whether the person was reckless or negligent} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{2. Unreasonable}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Balance Utility \& Gravity of Harm \{\{nl\}\}  {\bf{Utility:}} \{\{nl\}\} (1) Social value that the law attaches to the conduct \{\{nl\}\} (2) Suitability of the conduct to the character of the locality \{\{nl\}\} (3) THe impracticability of preventing or avoid the invasion \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{Gravity of Harm:}} \{\{nl\}\} (1) Nature of the harm \{\{nl\}\} (2) Social value of the Plaintiff's use and enjoyment of the property \{\{nl\}\} (3) Suitability of use to the character and the locality \{\{nl\}\} (4) Burden on the Plaintiff to avoid the harm} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 12)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{3. Substantial}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Affects normal sensitivity {[}Dobbs v. Wiggins-outragous number of dogs barking{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{4. Non-trespassory}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The interference with the use and enjoyment of the land of others} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{5. Interference with the Use and Enjoyment of Another's land}}} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.00248 cm} x{1.29487 cm} x{1.46195 cm} p{0.4177 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nuisance Remedies}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Balance the \seqsplit{Equities:} & {\bf{Fairness}} & {\bf{Welfare}} &  \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 1. The character of the harm & 1. Cost and Benefit of allowing or preventing the harm &  \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 2. Who Bears the Cost? & 2. Lowest cost avoider &  \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 3. Who is at fault? &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\textasciicircum{}{\emph{Coase theorem:}} All Coase is saying is that legal rules can effect economic efficiency, and that courts should thus increase efficiency by assigning entitlements to the parties who would purchase them in the absence of transaction costs.  The feed lot would not buy out the developer, but the developer would buy out the feed lot.  So the court makes the developer do that.\textasciicircum{}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Remedies to Nuisance}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{P may obtain injunction against D's conduct when:}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}-D's conduct is unreasonable and {\emph{causes substantial harm to P}}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{P may obtain damages, but no injunction if:}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}-D's conduct is {\bf{reasonable (causes more social good than harm)}} but the harm is P {\bf{is substantial}} so that it is unfair to burden P with the cost of D's conduct} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{P is entitled to no remedy if:}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}-If the harm to P is {\bf{not substantial}} \{\{nl\}\} -D's conduct is reasonable and it isn't unfair to impose the costs of D's activity on P \{\{nl\}\}Because of the social good of D's conduct, it is more important to avoid putting D out of business than preventing P's harm} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 7)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{P is entitled to purchased injunction if:}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}-D's conduct is unreasonable, but it is fair to impose the cost of shutting down D's conduct on P} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Boomer: D is first in time is a good defense \newline Public Interest and Market Value \newline Cost Abatement- Business costs of reducing nuisance \newline Institutional Competence- Judges are not equipped with coming up with best solution (better to make parties make private deal)}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Servitudes: Affirmative Easement}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Express Easement}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Created by will or deed} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Easement Appurtenant}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}-Benefit RWL: exercise limited use or control of the SE and benefits the OWNER of the DE} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Easement in Gross}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}-Benefit of the easement runs to a specific person\{\{nl\}\} -Burden RWL on the SE, but BENEFIT IS NOT TRANSFERABLE WITHOUT WRITING and INTENT} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Burden Requires:}} \{\{nl\}\}(1) Writing  \{\{nl\}\}(2) Intent  \{\{nl\}\}(3) Notice  \newline {\bf{Benefit Requires:}}  \{\{nl\}\}(1) Writing  \{\{nl\}\}(2) Intent \newline \{\{nl\}\}{\bf{Scope of Easements}}  \newline 1. The use is of the kind contemplated by the grantor \newline 2. The scope of an easement must be able to reasonably accommodate the legitimate uses of the dominant estate and not unduly burden the servient estate \newline -Technological change \newline -Normal Development \newline 3. Easement can be subdivided}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Servitude: Non-Express Easements}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Prescriptive Easements}} \{\{nl\}\} -Presumption is permissive \{\{nl\}\} -Laches} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. Use \{\{nl\}\} 2. Hostile \{\{nl\}\} 3. Open and Notorious \{\{nl\}\} 4. Continuous \{\{nl\}\} 5. Stautory Period \{\{nl\}\} 6. Some JX: Exclusive} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Estoppel (irrevocable Licenses)}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. License + Reasonably foreseeable reliance on License \{\{nl\}\} 2. Substantially changed position because of reliance \{\{nl\}\} 3. Injustice avoided only by creation of servitude. \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{Policy}}: \{\{nl\}\}1. Permission can be implied (acquiesence)\{\{nl\}\}2. Fraudulent to allow detrimental reliance and revoke \{\{nl\}\}3. Should a license be irrevocable?} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 9)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Implied by Prior Use}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. Unity of ownership: two parcels owned by common grantor \{\{nl\}\} 2. One part of parcel previously used for benefit of other \{\{nl\}\} 3. Severance \{\{nl\}\} {\emph{USE WAS:}}\{\{nl\}\} {\bf{1. Apparent/visible}} \{\{nl\}\} 2. {\bf{Continuous or Permanent}} \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{3. Strict or reasonable necessity:}} whether a reasonable person would expect to continue use no matter who owned property\{\{nl\}\} {\bf{Rest. Prop. Factors:}}\{\{nl\}\} 1. Claimant is the conveyor or the conveyee \{\{nl\}\} 2. Terms of the conveyance \{\{nl\}\} 3. Consideration given for it \{\{nl\}\} 4. Claim is made against simultaneous conveyee \{\{nl\}\} 5. extent of necessity of the easement to the claimant \{\{nl\}\} 6. Reciprocal benefits result to the conveyor and the convee \{\{nl\}\} 7. Manner in  which the land was used prior to its conveyance \{\{nl\}\} 8. Extent to which the manner of prior use was or might have been known ot the parties} \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 20)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Servitude: Non-Express Easements (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Implied by Necessity}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1. Unity of ownership \{\{nl\}\} 2. Severance creates a landlock parcel  \{\{nl\}\} 3. Necessity for egress and ingress existed at time of serverance {[}{\emph{strict necessity}}{]}\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Covenants}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Real Covenants}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Benefit}} & {\bf{Burden}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
1. Writing \{\{nl\}\} 2. Intent \{\{nl\}\} 3. T/C \{\{nl\}\}  4. Vertical Privity & 1. Writing \{\{nl\}\} 2. Intent \{\{nl\}\} 3. Notice \{\{nl\}\} 4. VP + HP \{\{nl\}\} 5. T/C \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Equitable Servitudes}}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Benefit}} & {\bf{Burden}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
1. Writing \{\{nl\}\} 2. Intent \{\{nl\}\} 3. T/C & 1. Writing \{\{nl\}\} 2. Intent \{\{nl\}\} 3. T/C \{\{nl\}\} 4. Notice \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Touch and Concern}}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Benefit: must Increase value of property \{\{nl\}\} 2. Burden: Involves physical use of the property (narrow), \{\{nl\}\} 3. Burden: Still T/C if it affects legal interests (broad), \{\{nl\}\} 4. Burden: Restatement for T/C: Is it reasonable? \{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Strict Privity: FSA to FSA  \newline Relaxed Privity: Anything less than FSA \newline Modern Trend (Rest): No privity required.  \newline  \newline Real Covenant Remedy? Damages and Injunction \newline Why Equitable Servitude doesn't require privity? Remedy limited to Injunction.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}