\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{Sunnii} \pdfinfo{ /Title (mysql.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (Sunnii) /Subject (MySQL Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{144DA3} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F0F3F9} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{MySQL Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Sunnii} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/174791/cs/36720/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Sunnii \\ \uline{cheatography.com/sunnii} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 23rd February, 2023.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{3} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.14011 cm} x{2.83689 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SELECT}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Alles ausw{\"a}hlen & {\bf{SELECT * FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{column1}} = {\emph{value1}}; \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Spezifische Spalten ausw{\"a}hlen & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column1}}, {\emph{column2}}, ... {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{column1}} = {\emph{value1}} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{WHERE}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Spezifische Condition & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column1}}, {\emph{column2}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{tablename}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition1}} {\bf{AND}} {\emph{condition2}} {\bf{OR}} {\emph{condition3}} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Filtert nach Values, die in der Spalte enthalten sind & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column1}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{tablename}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{column1}} {\bf{IN}}({\emph{value1}}, {\emph{value2}}, {\emph{value3}}) \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.23965 cm} x{2.73735 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{WHERE IS}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Select Werte Null & {\bf{SELECT * FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{column1}} {\bf{IS}} NULL \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Select Werte, die nicht NULL sind & {\bf{SELECT * FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{column1}} {\bf{IS NOT}} NULL \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.84149 cm} x{3.13551 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Alias AS}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Alias für Spaltennamen & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{AS}} {\emph{alias\_name}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}}; \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Alias für Tabellenname & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{AS}} {\emph{alias\_name}}; \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 3) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.89126 cm} x{3.08574 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CONCAT}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Zusammensetzen von Werten & {\bf{ SELECT CONCAT}}({\emph{column1}}, {\emph{value}}, ...) {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Beispiel: \newline SELECT CONCAT(`lastname`, ", ", `firstname`) AS Fullname FROM `students` WHERE 1 ORDER BY Fullname ASC;} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}--}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{MIN}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Kleinster Wert & {\bf{SELECT MIN}}({\emph{column1}}) {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{MAX}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Gr{\"o}{\ss}ter Wert & {\bf{SELECT MAX}}({\emph{column1}}) {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.34379 cm} x{3.63321 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{AVG}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{Durschnittswert} & {\bf{SELECT AVG}}({\emph{column1}}) {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{COUNT}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Anzahl alles & {\bf{SELECT COUNT}}(*) {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}}; \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Anzahl spezifische Spalte & {\bf{SELECT COUNT}}({\emph{column\_name}}) {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}}; \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Gib Spalten und Anzahl aus & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column1}}, {\bf{COUNT}}({\emph{column1}}) {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}} {\bf{GROUP BY}} {\emph{column1}}; \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DISTINCT}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Keine doppelten Werte für alle Eintr{\"a}ge & {\bf{Select Distinct}} * {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{tablename}} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Keine doppelten Werte aus column1 & {\bf{Select Distinct}} {\emph{column1}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{tablename}} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Z{\"a}hle unterschiedliche Werte aus column1 & {\bf{Select COUNT(Distinct}} {\emph{column1}}) {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{tablename}} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 3) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.89126 cm} x{3.08574 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{GROUP BY / ORDER BY}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Gruppiere und ordne Werte & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}} {\bf{GROUP BY}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{ORDER BY}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{ASC}}|{\bf{DESC}}; \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}--}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{LIKE}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Filter nach Pattern & {\bf{SELECT}} * {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{column3}} {\bf{LIKE}} {\emph{pattern}}; \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Filter nach Beginn eines Values & {\bf{SELECT}} * {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{column1}} {\bf{LIKE}} "{\emph{value}}\%"; \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Filter nach Beginn eines Values mit einem weiteren Zeichen & {\bf{SELECT}} * {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{column1}} {\bf{LIKE}} "{\emph{value}}\_"; \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Platzhalter `\%` steht für 0, 1 oder mehrere Werte \newline Platzhalter `\_` steht für 1 Wert} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.84149 cm} x{3.13551 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{HAVING}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Nachgelagerte Condition & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}} {\bf{GROUP BY}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{HAVING}} {\emph{condition}}; \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.33919 cm} x{2.63781 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{LIMIT}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Einschr{\"a}nkung der angezeigten Werte & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}} {\bf{LIMIT}} {\emph{number\_skipped}}, {\emph{number\_shown}}; \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{EXISTS}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Prüft Existenz und gibt wahr/falsch zurück & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE EXISTS}} ({\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}}); \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 7) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} & {\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE NOT EXISTS}} ({\bf{SELECT}} {\emph{column\_name}} {\bf{FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}}); \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 7) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-{}--}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.34379 cm} x{3.63321 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{INSERT INTO}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Werte einfügen & {\bf{INSERT INTO}} {\emph{table\_name}} ({\emph{column1}}, {\emph{column2}}, {\emph{column3}}, ...) {\bf{VALUES}} ({\emph{value1}}, {\emph{value2}}, {\emph{value3}}, ...); \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{*} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{UPDATE}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Update Tabelle & {\bf{UPDATE}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{SET}} {\emph{column1}} = {\emph{value1}}, {\emph{column2}} = {\emph{value2}}, ... {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}}; \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DELETE}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Alles l{\"o}schen & {\bf{DELETE FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}}; \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} L{\"o}schen mit Condition & {\bf{DELETE FROM}} {\emph{table\_name}} {\bf{WHERE}} {\emph{condition}}; \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.82386 cm} x{2.83774 cm} x{0.9154 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{H{\"a}ufig verwendete Datentypen}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{VARCHAR(`M`)} & String (0 - 255) & `L` + 1 Bytes \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{TINYINT} & Integer (-128 - 127) & 1 Byte \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} INT & Integer (-2147483648 to 2147483647) & 4 Bytes \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} BIGINT & Integer (-9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807) & 8 Bytes \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 3) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} BLOB & String (0-65535) & `L` + 2 Bytes \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{`L`: byte length of the string \newline `M` represents the declared column length in characters \newline `unsigned`: nur positive Zahlen, dafür gr{\"o}{\ss}ere Zahlen m{\"o}glich} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}