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\author{Steler}
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  /Title (intro-to-multimedia-midterm-cheat-sheet.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Steler)
  /Subject (Intro to Multimedia Midterm Cheat Sheet)
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        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Intro to Multimedia Midterm Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Steler} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/193298/cs/41167/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Steler \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/steler} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 3rd November, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{What is Visual Communication?}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Visual communication is composed of content and form.} \tn 
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{\bf{Content}} is the essence of a work like a story, idea, or information we exchange with others & {\bf{Form}} is the manner or way in which content is delivered, designed, or package for consumption \tn 
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Content relates to what we want to say. & While form has to do with how we choose to express it or communicate it. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{To put it in another way, we can think of content as a person's body, and the form is the makeup, clothing, or accessories to accentuate physical appearance.}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Aesthetics}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{"While content, function, and usability are important, our affinity for things is greatly affected by our perceptions of outward beauty or appearance."}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Aesthetics is essential to enhance a professional framework that you can use to examine your work and others' design choices critically.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Applied aesthetics}} moves us away from unfounded judgments that are rooted in personal bias and opinion, and to the place where we begin to make reasoned and informed observations based on formal theory and research.} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9154 cm} x{1.8308 cm} x{1.8308 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Principles Of Design}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{The principles of design are formal rules and concepts for optimizing the arrangement and presentation of two-dimensional visual elements.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Unity}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{It can be thought of as the perceptual glue that holds a design together and maintains a sense of visual harmony.} \tn 
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\seqsplit{Proximity} & The law of proximity states that objects are more likely to be perceived as related when they are positioned close together. &  \tn 
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 & Alignment & The principle of alignment encourages designers to position objects that belong together along a common edge or implied line. \tn 
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 &  & Encourages the designers to position elements that belong together in a common edge or implied line. Any alignment is acceptable as long as the placement is consistent. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Principles Of Design (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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 & Similarity & Objects that are alike are more likely to be grouped. \tn 
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 &  & The more dissimilar they are, the more they will likely resist and pull apart from the grouping. \tn 
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 &  & However, the law of similarity does not suppose that all elements in a group be identical. Additionally, {\bf{designers often take advantage of the dissimilarity of objects to create emphasis.}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Repetition}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{can be used to create harmony and consistency.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Repeating significant elements enhances the usability of a webpage.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Emphasis}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{"Emphasis can be used to quickly guide the viewer's attention to the main subject or message in a communication exchange."}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Principles Of Design (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{"Since our eyes are naturally drawn to larger objects in a design, varying the size of spatial elements is a common way to connote emphasis."}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{The strongest visible contrast is represented by the difference between black and white.} \tn 
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Value & It describes the range of light and dark portions in an image or design. &  \tn 
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 & value is usually expressed as contrast. &  \tn 
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Tonal Ranges & It is the number of colors or gradient steps in a composition that fall between the bipolar extremes of black and white &  \tn 
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 & The greater the tonal range, the greater the contrast, and the more interesting a composition will generally appear. &  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Color}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Color is a powerful tool for enhancing contrast in visual design space, and color contrast has been used particularly well in the advertising industry.} \tn 
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Warm colors & These colors reside near the orange area of the spectrum and include shades of red and orange, as well as warm greens. The human eye is attracted to the warm color regions of a design first. &  \tn 
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Cool colors & Cool colors such as violets, blues, and cool greens seem to recede away from us into the background, appearing distant and detached. Cool colors are calm, soothing, and placid, like the blue waters of a still mountain lake. &  \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9154 cm} x{1.8308 cm} x{1.8308 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Principles Of Design (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{It is effective in achieving emphasis in a design.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{In photography, film, and videography, the term depth of field describes the portion of the zaxis that viewers perceive as being in focus at any one time.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{It is the scale of an object relative to other elements within a composition.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Our perception of an object's size is related to the size and position of other objects within the field of view.} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{The location of an object also affects our perception of size.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Perpetual Forces}}*} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{When we look at a graphic representation within a frame (still picture or moving image), our brains are constantly processing the relative push and pull of perceptual field forces within the visual space.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Regardless of whether we view a photograph when it is lying flat on a table, hanging on a wall, or even rotated a quarter turn, we tend to perceive the top of the image as up and the bottom of the image as down.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Balance}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{A balanced composition is achieved when the visual weight of objects is equally dispersed within the frame, producing a perceived state of equilibrium.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Principles Of Design (cont)}}  \tn
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\seqsplit{Symmetrical} Balance & It is analogous to a seesaw whose pivot point or fulcrum is centered. &  \tn 
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\seqsplit{Asymmetrical} Balance & Asymmetrical, or informal, compositions are much more interesting to design and compose, and can appear more visually interesting and dynamic. &  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Continuation}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{The law of continuation suggests that our brains tend to process what we see as continuing along lines that are predictable and free of obstacles, and that don't abruptly change direction.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Figure-Ground}}} \tn 
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Figure & It an element that appears in the foreground of our perceptual field. &  \tn 
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Ground & everything behind the figure. &  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{In nature, the phenomenon of depth perception enables us to distinguish between figure and ground.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Visual cues within are needed to provide a sense of order in a two-dimensional space.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Principles Of Design (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{You need to remember that the viewer wants to make sense of what he or she is seeing.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Psychological Closure}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{The principle of psychological closure is used in visual design all the time.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Explanations of words and symbols can be replaced with partial impressions or abstract variations of elements.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{With psychological closure, the brain aims to create a meaningful order out of visual chaos. Enough visual cues are needed for the brain to complete a mental impression.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Software Tools}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Digital Audio Editing \& Production}}} \tn 
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Adobe Audition & It emulates a professional audio studio, including multi-track productions and sound file editing, along with digital signal processing effects. \tn 
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Pro Tools & It is a high-end integrated audio production and editing environment that runs on Mac computers as well as Windows. \tn 
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 & Offers easy MIDI creation and manipulation as well as powerful audio mixing, recording, and editing software. \tn 
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Audacity & Audacity is an open-source, free, and easy-to-use multi-track audio and music editing platform. It is compatible in windows and in mac. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Graphics and Imaging}}} \tn 
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Adobe Photoshop & Adobe Photoshop is the standard in a tool for graphics, image processing, and image manipulation. Layers of images, graphics, and text can be separately manipulated for maximum flexibility, and its set of filters permits creation of sophisticated lighting effects. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Software Tools (cont)}}  \tn
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Adobe Illustrator & Adobe Illustrator is a powerful publishing tool for creating and editing vector graphics, which can easily be exported to use on the Web. \tn 
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Adobe InDesign & Adobe InDesign is use for publication layout and design like magazines, books, newspaper, brochures. The latest is, InDesign already have a function wherein you can create interactive publications that you can distribute online. \tn 
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Figma & Figma is quite similar to Adobe Illustrator because both of them is a vector graphics editing tool. However, Figma is also use to design user interface for web, mobile, and other smart products. This is also use to create interactivity in your designs through its prototyping tool. Primarily, this is a web-based app but there is also a desktop application. \tn 
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Adobe XD & Adobe XD is also similar to Figma. It is also a vector-based editing tool that's primarily used for user experience and interface design tool for web and mobile. \tn 
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Software Tools (cont)}}  \tn
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GIMP & GIMP is a cross-platform image editor available for GNU/Linux, OS X, Windows and more operating systems. It is free software, you can change its source code and distribute your changes. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Video Production and Editing}}} \tn 
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Adobe Premiere & Adobe Premiere is a simple, intuitive video editing tool for nonlinear editing— putting video clips into any order. Video and audio are arranged in tracks, like a musical score. It provides a large number of video and audio tracks, superimpositions, and virtual clips. A large library of built-in transitions, filters, and motions for clips allows easy creation of effective multimedia productions. \tn 
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Adobe After Effects & Adobe After Effects is a powerful video editing tool that enables users to add and change existing movies with effects such as lighting, shadows, and motion blurring. It also allows layers, as in Photoshop, to permit manipulating objects independently. \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.59264 cm} x{3.38436 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Software Tools (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Final Cut Pro & Final Cut Pro is a video editing tool offered by Apple for the Macintosh platform. It allows the input of video and audio from numerous sources, and provides a complete environment, from editing and color correction to the final output of a video file. \tn 
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% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
DaVinci Resolve & DaVinci Resolve is non-linear vide tool primarily use for color grading or editing the colors of a video. Adding visual effects and editing can also be done here. \tn 
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% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 0)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Animation}}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Autodesk Maya & It is a complete modeling package. It features a wide variety of modeling and animation tools, such as to create realistic clothes and fur. Autodesk Maya runs on Windows, Mac OS, and Linux. \tn 
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% Row 22
\SetRowColor{white}
Autodesk 3Ds Max & Formerly 3D Studio Max, it includes a number of high-end professional tools for character animation, game development, and visual effects production. Models produced using this tool can be seen in several consumer games. \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.59264 cm} x{3.38436 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Software Tools (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Adobe Animate & This is formly Adobe Flash. It allows users to create interactive movies by using the score metaphor—a timeline arranged in parallel event sequences, much like a musical score consisting of musical notes. Elements in the movie are called symbols in Animate. Symbols are added to a central repository, called a library, and can be added to the movie's timeline. Once the symbols are present at a specific time, they appear on the Stage, which represents what the movie looks like at a certain time, and can be manipulated and moved by the tools built into Animate. Finished Animate movies are commonly used to show movies or games on the Web. Animate is also used in creating 2D Animated videos. \tn 
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% Row 24
\SetRowColor{white}
Blender & Blender is an open-source 3D graphics software that you can use to create various 3D objects, create animated visuals, and motion graphics. \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.59264 cm} x{3.38436 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Software Tools (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Cinema 4D & Cinema 4D is a professional 3D software by Maxon and is also commonly used in the industry. It is efficient for motion graphics as well, visual effects, and even in VR or virtual reality. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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% Row 27
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Web Design Tool}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Dreamweaver & Dreamweaver is a webpage authoring tool that allows users to produce multimedia presentations without learning any HTML. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Digital Learning Design}}} \tn 
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Articulate 360 & A possible career path that a Multimedia Arts graduate can explore is being an e-learning designer wherein you can design the visuals of a digital learning material. In the e-learning industry, they usually use Articulate 360 in designing interactive learning materials. \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Elements of Design}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The elements of design are the fundamental building blocks of visual content.} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Space}}} \tn 
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% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{It has an outer frame where the visual elements are placed.} \tn 
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% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{In Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator, the document window or workspace is referred to metaphorically as the canvas.} \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Two-Dimensional Space & A digital workspace has two dimensions: width and height. Both are measured in pixels which are tiny blocks of color. \tn 
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Positive Space & It is the part of an image where the visual elements are placed. \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Negative Space & It is the rest of the image without visual elements. \tn 
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% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Dots}}} \tn 
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It is the most basic representation of form. & The starting point for all other elements of design. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Dots can be combined in large numbers to portray complex visual objects and images.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Shapes}}} \tn 
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% Row 14
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{It is a two-dimensional element formed by the enclosure of dots and lines.} \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Elements of Design (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Shapes are formed by enclosing dots and lines.} \tn 
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% Row 16
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{A shape can be as simple as a circle, or as complex as a snowflake.} \tn 
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% Row 17
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Basic Geometric Shapes are; Circles, Triangles and Squares.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{These shapes are called geometric shapes as they can be changed or modified using mathematics and formal rules of construction.}}} \tn 
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Organic Shapes & These shapes are similar to objects in nature. \tn 
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 & Organic shapes are imperfect and soft. \tn 
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 & They are often constructed of continuous curves or circular elements. \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Form}}} \tn 
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% Row 24
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Form adds the dimension of depth to shape.} \tn 
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% Row 25
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Form is three-dimensional and connects us more fully to the way we see objects in the natural world.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Sphere and Cube.} \tn 
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% Row 27
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Form accentuates the depth of shape. Form adds the dimension of depth to shape.} \tn 
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Lighting & Lighting affects form. \tn 
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 & Hard lighting from distant or narrow light sources casts shadows, which gives an image the illusion of volume, and emphasizes texture. \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Elements of Design (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Texture}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Texture is the surface attribute of a visual object that evokes a sense of tactile interaction, and it can be implied in images.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{We perceive texture with the sense of touch.} \tn 
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% Row 34
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Texture evokes our sense of touch, smell, and taste. However, an image can only imply a sensory response.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Pattern}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{It is the reoccurrence of a visual element within a design space.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Patterns are present in clothing, furniture, and wallpapers.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Similar to texture, pattern adds visual interest; like shape, pattern can be organic and geometric.} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Color}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Color has three (3) dimensions: {\bf{hue}}, {\bf{saturation}}, and {\bf{brightness}}.} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Hue & It is the color shade of an object as a single point on the color spectrum. \tn 
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Saturation & It is the strength or purity of color. \tn 
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Brightness/Value & It is the lightness or darkness of the color. \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Plan and Design}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Road Map}}} \tn 
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% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{The time and effort you put into planning a multimedia project will determine the degree to which the project, once completed, hits its mark. A plan is your road map and serves as the foundational visionary framework undergirding the creative enterprise.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Creativity}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Creativity is a process that "involves the production of novel, useful products."} \tn 
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THE THREE Ps OF MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTION & For many years, film and video producers have utilized a popular process model known as the three Ps: \seqsplit{preproduction}, production, and \seqsplit{postproduction}. &  \tn 
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% Row 6
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 & \seqsplit{Pre-Production} & \seqsplit{Pre-production} is the preparation phase of a project. \tn 
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 & Production & Production is the acquisition or design phase of a project. \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Plan and Design (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
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 & \seqsplit{Post-Production} & \seqsplit{Post-production} is the assembly phase of a project. \tn 
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% Row 9
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Client and Producer}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{The market is full of freelance producers and directors who operate independently on a work-for-hire basis.} \tn 
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% Row 12
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{The producer is the message design expert.} \tn 
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Initial Client Meeting & The starting point for nearly every project is the initial client meeting, a general fact-finding session involving the client and producer and their respective team members. No matter how the teams are constituted, each party will have a designated leader or \seqsplit{point-person.} &  \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Plan and Design (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Needs Assessment, Fact Gathering, Research & The members of the design team need information, and lots of it, before they can fully assess the problem and begin offering solutions. During the initial client meeting, the project director will often take the lead by asking lots of questions and taking copious notes. &  \tn 
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Idea Generation and Concept Development & The next step in the process is to begin developing a general idea or concept for the project. &  \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 8)
% Row 16
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 & The process model for idea generation can vary widely depending on whether you're designing a website, an interactive photo gallery, an educational training video, or something else. &  \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Plan and Design (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 17
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\seqsplit{Previsualization} Tools & \seqsplit{Previsualization} is a term that has been used for years to describe the act of putting an idea or concept into a visual form that can be better understood by the author of the idea and shared with others. &  \tn 
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% Row 18
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 & Treatment & A treatment is a short narrative description of a project. \tn 
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% Row 19
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 & Storyboard & A storyboard combines words and pictures together to communicate an idea. \tn 
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% Row 20
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 & Script & A script is a written narrative framework for organizing the visual and audio portions. Scripts are most often used for time-based media projects and increasingly for interactive narratives. \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Plan and Design (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & AV Script Format & It is one of the most common and versatile script formats used in commercial production today. \tn 
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% Row 22
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 &  & The two-column AV format is ideal for the producers of radio and television commercials, music videos, promotional videos, education and training programs, \seqsplit{documentaries}, interactive narratives, and more. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{The Design Process}}} \tn 
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Specify Requirements & Specifying requirements helps establish the scope of your project, or the range of content and pages or screens. During this phase, your design team will meet with the client to identify business needs and requirements, existing problems, and potential users. &  \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Plan and Design (cont)}}  \tn
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Analyze Users & Next, you will conduct research to define your target users by demographic \seqsplit{characteristics} and/or their technology skills. You will explore when, where, and how target users will use the interface. You'll also learn about their previous experience with similar interfaces. &  \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Build a Prototype & The design and initial production stage involve planning your layout with a wireframe, creating a mockup or paper prototype, getting initial user feedback, and creating a working prototype. Your team will first develop a conceptual model of the interface, addressing target users' needs and \seqsplit{incorporating} functional solutions. &  \tn 
% Row Count 48 (+ 26)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Plan and Design (cont)}}  \tn
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Evaluate and Revise & Before turning the prototype into the actual interface that you'll give users, your team needs to evaluate and refine it. Begin by testing the interface yourself and fixing obvious problems. Then usability test it and fix the remaining problems. &  \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 19)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}