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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
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% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
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% Document Info
\author{ssvaldez}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (cardiac-muscle-cheat-sheet-final-version.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (ssvaldez)
  /Subject (Cardiac Muscle  FINAL VERSION Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Cardiac Muscle  FINAL VERSION Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{ssvaldez} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/213560/cs/46502/}}}
\end{tabulary}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}ssvaldez \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/ssvaldez} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 27th May, 2025.\\
   Updated 28th May, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
\raggedright
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% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Intro}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Cardiac Muscle & found only in the heart and shares characteristics of both skeletal and smooth muscles \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.89126 cm} x{3.08574 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Basic Vocabulary}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum & modified endoplasmic reticulum composed of a fine network of interconnected tubules into which Ca\textasciicircum{}++\textasciicircum{} is actively transported and stored \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
T-Tubules & invagination of the plasma membrane at each sarcomere \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Foot Proteins & proteins that span the gap between the lateral sacs and the transverse tubules and mediate a change in permeability to Ca\textasciicircum{}++\textasciicircum{} by the lateral sacs; also known as ryanodine receptors because they are locked open by the plant chemical ryanodin \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 10)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Lateral Sacs & enlared regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum that come into close contact with the transverse tubules \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Dihydropyridine} Receptors & receptor proteins in the transverse tubule membrane that come into contact with the foot proteins; voltage dependent and gate the change in permeability of the foot proteins to Ca\textasciicircum{}++\textasciicircum{} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.09494 cm} x{3.88206 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Thin Filament}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Actin & globular cytoskelatal protein linked to form two long chains arranged in a double helical strands \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Tropomyosin} & pairs of threadlike filamentous proteins that lie alongside the grooves formed by the actin helix \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Troponin} & protein complex composed of three subunits, one that binds to actin, one that binds to tropomyosin, and one that binds to Ca\textasciicircum{}++\textasciicircum{}; multiple copies of this complex are bound to the strands of actin and tropomyosin \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 7)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9154 cm} x{1.55618 cm} x{2.10542 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Striated and Unstriated Muscles}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\seqsplit{Striated} Muscles & {\emph{Skeletal and Cardiac Muscles}} & Visually has striped lines across the muscle \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Unstriated} Muscles & {\emph{Smooth Muscles}} & Has no striped lines \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sarcomere Nomenclature}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/ssvaldez_1748386283_Screen Shot 2025-05-27 at 3.51.01 PM.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Excitation-Contraction Coupling}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. ACh released by axon of motor neurons binds to receptors on the motor end plate} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Action potential generated in response to binding of ACh and subsequent end plate potential is propagated across surface of membrane and down T-Tubule of muscle cell} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Action potential triggers Ca\textasciicircum{}++\textasciicircum{} release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{4. Ca\textasciicircum{}++\textasciicircum{} ions released from lateral sacs bind to troponin on actin filaments; tropomyosin physically moved aside to uncover cross-bridge binding sites on actin} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{5. Myosin cross bridges attach to actin and bend, pulling actin filaments towards the center of the sarcomere; powered by energy provided by ATP} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{6. Ca\textasciicircum{}++\textasciicircum{} actively taken up by sarcoplasmic reticulum when there is no longer local action potentials} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{7. With Ca\textasciicircum{}++\textasciicircum{} no longer bound to troponin, tropomyosin slips back to its blocking position over the binding sites on actin; contraction ends; actin slides back to original resting position} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Thick Filament}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Myosin & cytoskeletal protein composed of two interwoven subunits, eqch with a long tail and a globular head region \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Actin Binding Site & specialized region of the myosin head capable of binding to actin \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Myosin ATPase & specialized region of the myosin head capable of ATP hydrolysis \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Voluntary and Involuntary Muscles}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Voluntary Muscles & {\emph{Skeletal Muscles}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Involuntary Muscles & {\emph{Cardiac and Smooth Muscles}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.89586 cm} x{4.08114 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sarcomere Vocabulary}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\seqsplit{Sarcomere} & functional unit of a muscle \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Z-Line & defines boundary of sarcomere; site where thin filaments attach \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
A-Band & made up of thick filaments along with portions of thin filaments that overlap \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
H-Zone & lighter area within middle of A-band where thin filaments do not reach \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
M-Line & extends vertically down middle of A-band within center of H-zone \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
I-Band & consists of remaining portion of thin filaments that do not project into A-band \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Excitation-Contraction Coupling}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/ssvaldez_1748388535_Screen Shot 2025-05-27 at 4.27.10 PM.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Intercalated Discs}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{specialized cell-to-cell junctions found in cardiac muscle tissue} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{contains desmosomes (maintaining the structural integrity and mechanical stability of the heart)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{also contains gap junctions (allows electrical signals (action potentials) to pass directly between cells)} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{located at the ends of the cardiac muscle cells which form a zigzag connection between them} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}