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\author{skullpride}
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  /Title (introduction-to-academic-writing.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (skullpride)
  /Subject (Introduction to Academic Writing Cheat Sheet)
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Introduction to Academic Writing Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{skullpride} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/197557/cs/41668/}}}
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\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}skullpride \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/skullpride} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 12th December, 2023.\\
   Updated 12th December, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Academic Writing}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{formal style of writing used in universities and scholarly publications that is clear, concise, focused, structured, and backed up by evidence} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{requires the writer to demonstrate knowledge and show proficiency with skills of thinking, interpreting, and presenting information (Lowe \& Zemliansky 2010) as an evaluation} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{readers = teacher, peers, academic community} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Non-Academic Text / Creative Compositions}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{to freely express opinions, feelings, and emotions% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Purposes of Academic Texts}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{to inform} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{to explain} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{to persuade} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{to argue} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{General Structure of an Academic Text}}  \tn
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Academic Language}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{type of language used in schools (academic settings)% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9954 cm} x{3.9816 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Features of Academic Writing}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Structured} & distinctinve structure (intro, body, conclusion) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & coherence (logical progression) \& cohesion (connection) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Evidenced} & based on information from experts in the field \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & properly acknowledge in writing through in-text citation and reference section \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Critical} & always analyze and evaluate including source \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & requires a great deal of research in order to develop a deep understanding of the topic \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Balanced} & your writing should give consideration to {\bf{all sides}} of the issue and must avoid being biased \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & while it is important as an academic writer, your stance on a particular topic is clearly shown \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 8
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Precise & reader understands meaning of written text \tn 
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% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & clear and precise including technical vocab when necessary \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 10
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\seqsplit{Objective} & emphasis is on arguments and information, rather than on the writer \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
% Row 11
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 & passive structures in sentence construction \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 12
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Formal & more formal than everyday writing \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
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\vfill
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Features of Academic Writing (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & complex sentences and avoids contractions and colloquial/informal words and expressions common in spoken english \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Three Types of Academic Vocabulary}}  \tn
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general words & that are {\bf{acceptable}} for academic use \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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academic words & that {\bf{frequently appear}} in academic texts \tn 
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technical words & {\bf{specific}} to an individual subject area \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Language Used in Academic Texts}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Formal & tone should not sound conversational or casual \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & use of colloquial, idiomatic, slang, and journalistic expressions should be avoided \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Objective} & academic text is based on research and not on the writer's own opinion about a given topic \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & unbiased - based on facts and evidence and is not influenced by personal feelings \tn 
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% Row 4
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 & when presenting an argument to the reader, show both sides of the topic and avoid making value judgments \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Impersonal} & do not show yourself as the performer of the action \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & emphasis should be on the information that you want to give and the arguments you want to make, rather than you \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & avoid personal pronouns (i,we,you) \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 8
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 & use "it" constructions \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Things to Avoid in Academic Writing}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Personal nouns} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Personal experience} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Directives} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Descriptive writing} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Informal, conversational tone, including slangs and idioms} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Vague expressions} \tn 
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% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Wordiness} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.4931 cm} x{3.4839 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Examples of Academic Text}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Academic Essay & An academic text that presents a {\bf{coherent argument or exploration}} of a specific topic (Purdue Online Writing Lab, 2021) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Report & {\bf{presents and analyzes information clearly and briefly}} for a particular audience such as laboratory reports, business reports, case study reports, research reports, progress reports, etc. (Smith, 2022) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Literature Review & critical and comprehensive {\bf{analysis of existing scholarly publications}}, books, articles, and other relevant sources on a specific topic or research question (Ridley, 2012) \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 7)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Concept Paper & A concise document that outlines the main ideas, objectives, and potential outcomes of a proposed {\bf{research project or initiative}} (Hulley, S. B., Cummings, S. R., Browner, W. S., Grady, D. G., \& Newman, T. B., 2013). \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 8)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Position Paper & type of argument writing that focuses on a {\bf{stance on an issue}} and shows how this chosen stance relates to other positions concerning the issue (Writing@CSU, n.d.). \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.4931 cm} x{3.4839 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Examples of Academic Text (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Critique Paper & {\bf{evaluating and analyzing a specific piece of work}}. It provides a critical assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the work being reviewed, offering insights and suggestions for improvement \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{examples of academic text are not limited to these}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Conventions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A way in which something is usually done, especially within a particular area or activity.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{These are rules and principles of academic writing that are generally accepted among scholars (IGI Global, 2021), and give distinctive features to academic texts apart from nonacademic texts.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}