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% Document Info
\author{Skepticoder}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (good-architecture-and-solution-structure.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Skepticoder)
  /Subject (Good architecture and solution structure Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Good architecture and solution structure Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Skepticoder} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/144584/cs/31050/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Skepticoder \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/skepticoder} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 6th March, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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\raggedcolumns

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% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DATABASE}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Create tables with good names (singular and often similar to domain model class names)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Use good column names (singular, with only standard abbreviations in the names} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Normalize DB to 3rd normal form} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Add foreign key and unique constraints} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Use IDENTITY (autogenerated keys) on surrogate key columns} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Implement robust cascading update/delete choices on foreign key constraints for referential integrity} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Add good denormalization choices for speeding up working with the DB} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DATA ACCESS LAYER}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Add a DAO interface per database table with the CRUD actions needed} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Add a concrete implementation of each DAO interface (preferably in a package/namespace that designates the persistence layer brand, i.e. MSSQL, MySQL, Oracle)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Add a DAO factory which can provide instances of the DAO classes for the controllers through static methods (e.g. `public static CustomerDao getCustomerDao()`)} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Add a Datacontext class with a static method which can provide a Connection object (e.g. `getObject()` method) for use by the DAO classes} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Add a unique database login (preferable Active Directory account for Windows authentication or non-SA for SQL logins) with only minimal permissions necessary (e.g. dbreader/dbwriter) on the relevant DB/tables} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{MODEL LAYER}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Mimic the database tables' structure with regards to naming and data types (often one model class per table)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Add a good toString() method to your model classes for debugging/visualizing object state} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Use good encapsulation (especially of collections) so you can change the underlying data structure without changing the interface} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Code good constructors which ensure you can't instantiate objects in an invalid state} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} x{7.2 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DAO CLASSES SHOULD HAVE}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{a helper method for converting a single row in a ResultSet to an object} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{a helper method which converts an entire ResultSet to a List of objects reusing the above method} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{the 5 basic CRUD methods} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `getAll()` \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & `getById(int id)` (or other name for key column, `getBySSN(ssn)`, etc.) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `insert(model object)` \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & `update(model object)` \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `delete(model object)` \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{the extra "crud" methods} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `deleteById(int id) (or other name for key column: deleteByAccountNumber, etc.) 	- findByPartOfName(String partOfName) (or other searchable attribute) \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & `findByPartOfName(String partOfName)` (or other searchable attribute) \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{transactions wherever you need to do two or more operations as a unit: e.g.} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & read inventory count and place order if product is available \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
 & move assets (e.g. funds from one account to another) \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & update denormalized values (e.g. a numberOfLikes column, which stores the number of likes in the like table for fast access) \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 4)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Proper transaction structure with a} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 1)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} x{7.2 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DAO CLASSES SHOULD HAVE (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & `beginTransaction()` \seqsplit{(C\#)/`setAutoCommit(false)`} (Java) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `commit()` at the end of the "try..." which contains the CRUD code \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & a `rollback()` in the "catch..." \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
 & any cleaning up \seqsplit{(Connection.setAutoCommit(false)}, etc.) in the "finally..." \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Check for the number of rows affected on updates (UPDATE, INSERT, DELETE) and throw an Exception if necessary with a good exception message (e.g. "Unknown error. Account number 354 was not deleted.").} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{try-catch code which rethrows any exceptions that happen while interacting with the database, with a message about what was attempted when the exception happened plus the original exception.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}