\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{Siffi (Siffi)} \pdfinfo{ /Title (verbtypes-finnish.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (Siffi (Siffi)) /Subject (Verbtypes - Finnish Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{5F98A3} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F5F8F9} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Verbtypes - Finnish Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Siffi (Siffi)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/122609/cs/47830/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Siffi (Siffi) \\ \uline{cheatography.com/siffi} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 16th March, 2026.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Verbtype I}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{End in 2 vowels (-aa, {\"a}{\"a}, ea, e{\"a}, ia, i{\"a}, oa, {\"o}{\"a}, ua,u{\"a}, ya, y{\"a})} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Remove final -a/ -{\"a} to get stem} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- L{\"a}hte{\"a} -\textgreater{} min{\"a} l{\"a}hden} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{STRONG:}} H{\"a}n, he} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\emph{WEAK:}} min{\"a}, sin{\"a}, me, te} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.9804 cm} x{8.2896 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VT 2}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Ends in -da/-d{\"a}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Remove -da/-d{\"a} to get stem} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{STRONG:}} min{\"a}, sin{\"a}, h{\"a}n, me, te, he} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\emph{Weak:}} infinitive} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Exceptions:}} n{\"a}hd{\"a}, tehd{\"a}} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{n{\"a}hd{\"a}}} & {\bf{tehd{\"a}}} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Min{\"a} n{\"a}en & Min{\"a} teen \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} Sin{\"a} n{\"a}et & Sin{\"a} teet \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} H{\"a}n n{\"a}{\bf{k}}ee & H{\"a}n te{\bf{k}}ee \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} Me n{\"a}emme & Me teemme \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Te n{\"a}ette & Te teette \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} He n{\"a}{\bf{k}}ev{\"a}t & He te{\bf{k}}ev{\"a}t \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{NO Consonant Gradation (KPT)}} in this verbtype} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{p{1.727 cm} p{1.727 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VT 3}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Ends in 2 consonants and a vowel (lla/ll{\"a}, -nna, nn{\"a}, rra, rr{\"a}, sta, st{\"a})} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Remove last 2 letters to get body} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Tulla - \textgreater{} tul{\bf{e}}n} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{STRONG:}} all personal endings} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\emph{weak:}} basic} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{p{1.727 cm} p{1.727 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VT 4}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Ends in -ata, -{\"a}t{\"a}, ota, {\"o}t{\"a}, uta, yt{\"a}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Remove t to get body} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Halu{\bf{t}}a -\textgreater{} min{\"a} haluan} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Many verbs ending in -ata are usually loan words (Swedish)} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{p{1.727 cm} p{1.727 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VT 5}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Quite rare} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Ends in -ita/-it{\"a}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Remove -ta/-t{\"a} at the end to get body} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Add -tse- then the personal ending} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{H{\"a}iri{\bf{t{\"a}}} -\textgreater{} h{\"a}iri{\bf{tse}}n} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{NO KPT}} in this verbtype} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VT 6}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Most rare} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Ends in -eta/-et{\"a}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Remove final -ta/-t{\"a} to get body} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Add -ne- before personal ending} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Vanhe{\bf{ta}} -\textgreater{} min{\"a} vanhe{\bf{ne}}n} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{p{1.727 cm} p{1.727 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Exceptions}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Verbtype 4,5 and 6 sometimes crossover} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Verbs that look like VT 5 but conjugate like VT 4} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{H{\"a}vi{\bf{t{\"a}}} -\textgreater{} h{\"a}vi{\"a}n} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Selvi{\bf{t{\"a}}} -\textgreater{} selvi{\"a}n} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Verbs that look like VT 6 , get conjugated like VT 4} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{H{\"a}ve{\bf{t{\"a}}} -\textgreater{} h{\"a}p{\bf{e}}{\"a}n} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Kiivet{\"a} -\textgreater{} kiip{\bf{e}}{\"a}n} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Ruve{\bf{ta}} -\textgreater{} Rup{\bf{e}}an} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Tode{\bf{ta}} -\textgreater{} tot{\bf{e}}an} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Verbs that look like VT 4 but get conjugated like VT 6} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 2) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Hapata -\textgreater{} happa{\bf{ne}}e} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Loitota -\textgreater{} loitto{\bf{ne}}e} \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 1) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Helpota -\textgreater{} helppo{\bf{ne}}e} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 1) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Parata -\textgreater{} para{\bf{ne}}e} \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \end{document}