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% Document Info
\author{Shelbeans (shelbeans)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (statistics-chapter-1-cheatsheet.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Shelbeans (shelbeans))
  /Subject (Statistics Chapter 1 Cheatsheet Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Statistics Chapter 1 Cheatsheet Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Shelbeans (shelbeans)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/177819/cs/42059/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Shelbeans (shelbeans) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/shelbeans} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 6th September, 2024.\\
   Updated 28th January, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Definitions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Population} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The entire collection of subjects we wish to target} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sample} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}A subset of the population} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Univariate} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}1 variable} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Bivariate} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}2 variables from the same subject} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Multivariate} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}2 or more variables from the same subject} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Qualitative Data} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Categorical, descriptive (yes/no, blue, etc)} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Quanitative Data} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Numeric (include discrete and continous)} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 7
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Discrete Data} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Primarily count data (the number of...)} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Continuous Data} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Data from measurements (can take on any value w/in some interval)n} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ways to Obtain a Sample}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Stratified Sample & helps avoid biased data (If there are 2X white people than Hispanics, then the sample should have 2X white people than Hispanics) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
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Convenience Sampling & Stay away from this, (Choosing to only sample from one assembly line on the shop floor) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 2
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Simple Random Sampling & (A name is drawn out of a hat) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9954 cm} x{3.9816 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ways to Obtain Data}}  \tn
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\seqsplit{Experiment} & allows us to draw cause and effect b/c of the ways its designed (the best) \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
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\SetRowColor{white}
Survey & A questionnaire or observation \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The 2 Branches of Statistics}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Descriptive Statistics} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}use of graphs, numeric computations to summarize the data} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Inferential Statistics} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Make and inference using sample statistics back to the population} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.38896 cm} x{2.58804 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\_\_\_\_ Predicts \_\_\_\_\_}}  \tn
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Sample Mean (x ̅) & Population mean (μ) \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
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Sample Median (x ̃) & Population Median(μ ̃) \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
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Sample Relative Frequency (p ̂) & Population Proportion (p) \tn 
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Sample Standard Deviation (s) & Population Standard Deviation (σ) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
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Sample Variance (s\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{}) & Population Variance (σ\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{}) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Things to know how to calculate:}}  \tn
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Trimmed Mean & trim a certain percentage of values from the ends of the data set, and then average whats left \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
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Standard deviation (s) & The size of a typical deviation (calculator function) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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Variance (s\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{}) & How data points vary from the mean \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Symbols and Their Meanings}}  \tn
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n & sample size \tn 
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N & population size \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Characteristics of a Graph}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Center} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}tells us what a typical value in the data set should be (If data is fairly symetric use mean, otherwise, use median)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Spread} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The range of data} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Skew} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}If the bell curve is shifted left (negative skew) or right (positive skew)} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.09494 cm} x{3.88206 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{More on Box Plots}}  \tn
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Box Plots & They show us outliers visually, and are great for comparing multiple data sets \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Quartiles} & Values that divide the sorted data set into 4 equal parts. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
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Q1 & The smallest 25\% of data \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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Q2 & The median \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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Q3 & The 75\% mark \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
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Q4 & The max value \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{percentiles} & If a value is in the first quartile, then 75\% of the values are grater than that, so your in the 75th percentile \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.4931 cm} x{3.4839 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Graph Types}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Box Plots & Show us outliers visually and great for comparing multiple data sets \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Dot Plot & Dots located above their value on the X-axis \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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Stem and Leaf & The stem of the number includes all but the last digit (so 38|3 would be 38.3) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Histogram & Like box graphs but there's no spaces between columns, can be used with discrete and continuous data \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Histogram Shapes: & Symmetric, Right(positive) skew, Left (negative) skew, Bi-modal (2 peaks), and Multi-modal (many peaks) \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}