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% Document Info
\author{sh-arista}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (arista-vxlan-bridging.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (sh-arista)
  /Subject (Arista VXLAN Bridging Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Arista VXLAN Bridging Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{sh-arista} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/93954/cs/20677/}}}
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\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}sh-arista \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/sh-arista} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 25th November, 2019.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Virtual eXtensible LAN}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{L2 ethernet frames tunneled across an L3 infrastructure.  Why? Extends L2 boundaries, supports multi-pathing and load distribution, is an open standard, and is transparent to applications.% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\seqsplit{https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7348}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Terminology}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{VTI}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}VXLAN Tunnel Interface - switchport linked to a UDP socket responsible for the encap/decap of the VXLAN header; IP interface of the VTEP; VLAN to VNI mapping; VTEP flood list for BUM traffic.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{VNI}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}VXLAN Network Identifier - 24-bit number mapped to a VLAN to identify a network segment in the tunnel.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{VTEP}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}VXLAN Tunnel End Point - the entry/exit point for the VXLAN overlay network; can be physical or SW virtual switch.} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{VXLAN Bridging}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}End hosts are communicating within the same VLAN and no gateway is needed.} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{VXLAN Routing}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}End hosts are communicating between VLANs and a gateway is needed for routing.} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Configuration}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{SW-A (VTEP1)}} \newline  \newline {\emph{Configure a loopback to serve as the L3 source interface of the VXLAN Tunnel Interface (VTI):}} \newline  \newline {\bf{interface loopback 1}}  \newline   {\bf{ip address 1.1.1.101/32}} \newline  \newline {\emph{Create the VTI:}} \newline  \newline {\bf{interface vxlan 1}} \newline  \newline {\emph{Set the source interface to be the loopback just created:}} \newline  \newline   {\bf{vxlan source-interface loopback1}} \newline  \newline {\emph{Set the destination UDP port (can be any unused UDP port but needs to be consistent across all VTEPs:}} \newline  \newline   {\bf{vxlan udp-port 4789}} \newline  \newline {\emph{Configure the VLAN to VNI mappings for any VLANs that need to be extended:}} \newline  \newline   {\bf{vxlan vlan 10 vni 10010}} \newline  \newline {\emph{Configure the flood-set to include any VTEP IPs that need to receive BUM traffic:}}  \newline  \newline   {\bf{vxlan flood vtep 1.1.1.102}} \newline  \newline {\emph{Ensure routing is enabled for VXLAN to work:}} \newline  \newline {\bf{ip routing}} \newline  \newline  \newline {\bf{SW-B (VTEP2)}} \newline {\bf{!}} \newline {\bf{interface loopback 1}} \newline   {\bf{ip address 1.1.1.102}} \newline {\bf{!}} \newline {\bf{interface vxlan 1}} \newline   {\bf{vxlan source-interface loopback 1}} \newline   {\bf{vxlan udp-port 4789}} \newline   {\bf{vxlan vlan 10 vni 10010}} \newline   {\bf{vxlan flood vtep 1.1.1.101}} \newline {\bf{!}} \newline {\bf{ip routing}} \newline {\bf{!}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Simple Topology and VXLAN Packet}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/sh-arista_1570041548_Topology.jpg}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Note the outer and inner header.  There would be an ethernet outer header rewrite with every L3 hop in the L3 underlay.  The outer IP header reflects the source and dest VTEP IPs.  The inner header remains unchanged.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Packet Walk Through}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/sh-arista_1571327822_packet walk through.jpg}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{The ingressing VTEP will map the VLAN to the VNI and encapsulate the packet with a VXLAN header with the VNI destined to the VTEP IP of the remote host found in "show vxlan address-table".  Once the remote VTEP receives this packet, it decapsulates the packet and does the reverse VNI to VLAN mapping.  The packet then switches per normal L2 (mac address table lookup).}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{MTU}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{vtep1\#ping {[}VTEP IP{]} size 9214 df-bit \newline  \newline If using ECMP,  \newline  \newline vtep1\#ping {[}Uplink IP{]} size 9214 df-bit} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{The VXLAN header adds 50 bytes (54 bytes if outer L2 header includes dot1q tag), and the Do Not Fragment (DF) bit is set on the VXLAN encapsulated packet so ensure MTU is set correctly in the L3 underlay.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.368 cm} x{2.52 cm} x{2.592 cm} p{0.72 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VXLAN Control Plane Options - in brief}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{IP Multicast}} & {\bf{HER with Static Flood-Set}} & {\bf{CloudVision eXchange (CVX)}} & {\bf{EVPN}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{VXLAN provides the data-plane transport for any extended VLAN traffic.  For control-plane traffic, there are several options based on scale, efficiencies, and other factors.    \newline  \newline For BUM traffic, all of the above use HER, however the building of the flood lists, managing state, etc. will all be different depending on which option you choose. \newline  \newline See {\emph{Arista VXLAN Control Plane Options}} for more details.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Troubleshooting}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{show interface vxlan 1}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Should be "up"; correctly reflect configured VLAN-to-VNI mappings; confirm control plane (multicast, HER, CVX, EVPN)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{show vlan}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Ensure extended VLANs show active on the "Vx1" interface} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{show mac address-table}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The L2 forwarding table should show that mac addresses are either learned locally or from across the VXLAN overlay - "Vx1"; if we are not learning MACs from another VTEP confirm flood list and L3 reachability between VTEPs} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{show vxlan address-table}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Shows the VXLAN MAC info, including the Host MAC, remote VTEP IP, and MAC moves.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{show vxlan vtep}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Displays the remote VTEPs discovered by the local VTEP} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{show ip route}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}All VTEP IPs should have L3 reachability (ping to confirm)} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{show vxlan counters software}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}See block for details} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{tcpdump}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\#bash tcpdump -nei \textless{}intf\textgreater{} port 4789} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Optional Configuration}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\emph{When all VTEPs carry same VLANs:}} \newline  \newline {\bf{interface vxlan 1}} \newline   {\bf{vxlan flood vtep \textless{}remote-vtep-ip\textgreater{} \textless{}remote-vtep-ip\textgreater{}}} \newline  \newline {\emph{When VTEPs carry a subset of VLANs:}} \newline  \newline {\bf{interface vxlan1}} \newline   {\bf{vxlan vlan \textless{}X\textgreater{} flood vtep \textless{}remote-vtep-ip\textgreater{} \textless{}remote-vtep-ip\textgreater{}}} \newline     {\bf{vxlan vlan \textless{}Y\textgreater{} flood vtep \textless{}remote-vtep-ip\textgreater{} \textless{}remote-vtep-ip\textgreater{}}} \newline  \newline {\emph{VNI can be displayed or entered as dotted notation:}} \newline  \newline {\bf{interface vxlan1}} \newline {\bf{vxlan vni notation dotted}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\seqsplit{https://www.arista.com/en/um-eos/eos-section-22-3-vxlan-configuration}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Things to Note}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{*Every VTEP's VTI IP address (vxlan source-interface loopback) needs to be reachable from every other VTEP.  Advertise these in the underlay routing protocol and confirm pings sourced from this VTEP IP can reach all other VTEP IPs. \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 5)
*The default UDP destination port is 4789.  If this is changed, make sure it is changed on all the VTEPs. \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 3)
*When using static HER, make sure that the flood lists match on all VTEPs within a VXLAN domain.% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VXLAN Bridging + MLAG}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Easy! Just mirror all VXLAN config to both MLAG peers.  This provides for seamless failover should something happen to a peer.  As both peers are presenting as one logical VTEP, they will share the same Loopback 1 IP address as well as VTI configuration.% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{show vxlan counters software}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/sh-arista_1570055372_vxlan software counters.jpg}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{If you are seeing issues and have further questions on these counters, please reach out to Arista TAC: \newline https://www.arista.com/en/support/customer-support \newline Or search/post questions on the public forum: \newline https://eos.arista.com/}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}