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% Document Info
\author{sdm7306}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (java-interview-questions.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (sdm7306)
  /Subject (Java Interview Questions Cheat Sheet)
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Java Interview Questions Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{sdm7306} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/51374/cs/14061/}}}
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\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}sdm7306 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/sdm7306} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 21st December, 2017.\\
   Updated 21st December, 2017.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Main Features of Java}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Object Oriented} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Simple} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Platform Independent} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Secure} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Robust} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Portable} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Multithreaded} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 7
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Distributed} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Principles of OOP}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Abstraction}} & Abstraction means using simple things to represent complexity using object, classes, and variables. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Encapsulation}} & This is the practice of keeping fields within a class private, then providing access to them via public methods. It's a protective barrier that keeps the data and code safe within the class itself. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Inheritance}} & It lets programmers create new classes that share some of the attributes of existing classes. This lets us build on previous work without reinventing the wheel. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 6)
% Row 3
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{\bf{Polymorphism}} & Polymorphism refers to any entity whether it is a method or a constructor or an operator which takes many forms or can be used for multiple tasks. \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 6)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Multithreaded Programming}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Multithreaded programming is one of the key features of java which allows multiple threads to execute their task simultaneously. \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
{\bf{There are two ways to create threads in Java}} \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
a) by extending the {\emph{Thread}} class \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
b) by implementing the {\emph{Runnable}} interface% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Final, Finally, Finalize}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Final}} & Makes a variable, method, or class unchangeable. \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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{\bf{Finally}} & Exception handling after success or failure during a try catch block. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
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{\bf{Finalize}} & Called by the garbage collector on an object when garbage collection determines that there are no more references to the object. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 5)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Inheritance}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Inheritance is one of the key principle of object oriented programming. Through inheritance, one class can inherit the properties of another class. The class from which properties are inherited is called super class and the class to which properties are inherited is called sub class. \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 6)
{\bf{Does Java support multiple inheritance?}} \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
Java supports multiple inheritance but only through interfaces. That means a class can implement more than one interfaces but can not extend more than one class.% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Constructor \& Method Overloading}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A class can have any number of constructors. These constructors will have different list of arguments. It is called constructor overloading. Constructor overloading provides different ways to instantiate a class. \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 5)
If a class has more than one method with same name but with different list of arguments, then it is called method overloading.% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Overriding}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{If a super class method is modified in the sub class then it is called method overriding.% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Abstract Classes}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An abstract class is a class which cannot be instantiated. An abstract class is used by creating an inheriting subclass that can be instantiated. An abstract class does a few things for the inheriting subclass: \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 5)
{\bf{1.}}Define methods which can be used by the inheriting subclass. \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
{\bf{2.}}Define abstract methods which the inheriting subclass must implement. \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
{\bf{3.}}Provide a common interface which allows the subclass to be interchanged with all other subclasses.% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Exception Handling}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{try}} & The code to be monitored for exceptions will be kept in this block. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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{\bf{catch}} & If any exceptions occurred in try block, those exceptions will be caught by this block. \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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{\bf{finally}} & This block will be always executed whether exception is raised or not and raised exceptions are caught or not. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Checked \& Unchecked Exceptions}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Checked}} & Known and checked at compile time. \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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{\bf{Unchecked}} & Known at Runtime, unknown at compile time. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Static \& Non-Static Methods}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Static}} method is common to all instances of a class. {\emph{Static}} methods are stored in the class memory. Where as {\emph{non-static}} methods are stored in the object memory. Each instance of a class will have their own copy of non-static methods.% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Synchronization}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Synchronization is a way of controlling the access of a method or a block by multiple threads. Only one thread can enter into a method or a block which has been declared as synchronized. Synchronization is one of the way to achieve thread safety.% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Garbage Collection}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Removing unwanted objects or abandoned objects from the memory is called garbage collection. Garbage collection is done automatically in java. You need not to remove the unwanted objects explicitly. Garbage collector thread does this for you.% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cloning}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Cloning is a process of creating an exact copy of an existing object in the memory. Cloning may be shallow or deep. In java, clone() method is used to create a clone of an object.% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Interfaces}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A Java interface is a bit like a class, except a Java interface can only contain method signatures and fields. An Java interface cannot contain an implementation of the methods, only the signature (name, parameters and exceptions) of the method.  \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 5)
You can use interfaces in Java as a way to achieve polymorphism.% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}