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\author{sayuri\_3}
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  /Title (astronomy-vocabulary.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (sayuri\_3)
  /Subject (Astronomy Vocabulary Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Astronomy Vocabulary Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{sayuri\_3} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/125176/cs/27838/}}}
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  \vspace{-2pt}sayuri\_3 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/sayuri-3} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 6th May, 2021.\\
   Updated 6th May, 2021.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{6.2 Galaxies - Vocabulary}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Star & A giant ball of hot, glowing gases (usually hydrogen \& helium) \tn 
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Nuclear Fusion & A process where the nuclei of atoms join and emit energy as light, heat and other electromagnetic radiation. \tn 
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Apparent Magnitude Scale & A measurement of a celestial object's brightness when viewed from Earth (the more positive the number the dimmer the star). \tn 
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Absolute Magnitude Scale & A measurement of a celestial object's brightness if viewed from the same distance; a measure of a celestial object's {\emph{actual}} brightness or {\bf{luminosity}}. \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 8)
% Row 4
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\seqsplit{Hertzsprung-Russel} Diagram (HR) & A graph that plots a star's temperature on the x-axis and absolute magnitude on the y-axis. \tn 
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Main Sequence & A diagonal band most stars fall into when plotted on the HR Diagram.. \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 4)
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Speed of Light & Light travels at 300,000 km/s. \tn 
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Light-Year & The distance that light travels in a year (9,500,000,000,000 km). \tn 
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Parsec & Approx. 3.26 light-years. \tn 
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Parallax & The effect where an object appears to move when viewed from two different positions. \tn 
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Galaxy & A group of stars held together by their gravity, galaxies form three shapes, elliptical, spiral and irregular. \tn 
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Constellation & An imaginary picture in the night sky made up of stars. \tn 
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Nebula(e) & A cloud of gas and dust held together by the gravity of the hydrogen atoms within it. \tn 
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Protostar & When the center of a nebula heats up and pressure increases. \tn 
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Hydrostatic Equilibrium & The balance of the forces of a star's gravity and energy output. \tn 
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Red giant & Hydrogen decreases, gravity is stronger than energy output, a new type of nuclear fusion begins, releasing more energy, reaching a new hydrostatic equilibrium and cooling to red. \tn 
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Planetary Nebula & Helium supply decreases in a red giant and the outer region fades to a shell. \tn 
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White Dwarf & The core of a planetary nebula continues nuclear fusion, increases energy rate and temperature to get a small, white hot star. \tn 
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Black Dwarf & The result of a white dwarf cooling and fading away. \tn 
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Red Supergiant & A continuation of the red giant until iron is formed, resulting in a much larger, red star. \tn 
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Supernova & The event where a red supergiant runs out of energy and collapses, resulting in a large explosive death. \tn 
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Neutron Star & The aftermath of a supernova with a mass of less than 3 solar masses, an incredibly dense star with a diameter of only tens of kilometers. \tn 
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Black Hole & The result of a supernova with a mass greater than 3 solar masses, a region of space with an extraordinary gravitational pull and density that even light cannot escape. \tn 
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Absorbtion Spectrum & A spectrum with lines missing from the pattern due to elements of the star absorbing their light wavelengths, therefore removing them from the spectrum. \tn 
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Emission Spectrum & The pattern of wavelengths (or frequencies) that appear as coloured lines on a spectrascope; the light wavelengths that are emitted from certain gases when they return to a stable state. \tn 
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Doppler Effect & The effect that occurs when an object is moving slower than the speed of sound; waves in front of the object compress while waves behind disperse. \tn 
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Red Shift & An increase in wavelength of radiation emitted by a celestial body which shifts the absorption spectra in the red direction of the spectrum, indicating that the object is moving away from the Earth. \tn 
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Blue Shift & A decrease in wavelength of radiation emitted by a celestial bosy which shifts the absorption spectra in the red direction of the spectrum, indicating that the object is moving towards the Earth. \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 8)
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Huibble's Law & The further the galaxy, the higher the tendency to have a more red-shifted spectra; the ffurther the galaxy, the faster it was moving away. \tn 
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Big Bang Theory & the theory that the universe began from a hot dense state which has continued to expand and will continue to do so. \tn 
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Singularity & A single, dense, hot point. \tn 
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Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation & A form of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave spectrum left over from the formation of the Universe; evidence of the Bug Bang theory. \tn 
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% That's all folks
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