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% Document Info
\author{sam219}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (gastrointestinal-drugs.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (sam219)
  /Subject (Gastrointestinal drugs Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
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\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Gastrointestinal drugs Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{sam219} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/201893/cs/45455/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}sam219 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/sam219} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 14th January, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Manage peptic ulcer}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{1. Antacids} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{1st line. Neutralize acid \& raise gastric pH.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Uses: PU, gastritis, reflux esophagitis} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Rapid acting: MgOH, MgO \& CaCO3\{\{nl\}\} Intermediate acting: Magalderate \& MgCO3\{\{nl\}\} Slow acting: Mg silicate \& Al compounds.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{CaCO3: non-systemic Ca that causes {\bf{acid rebound}}.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Bismuth subsalicylates: \{\{nl\}\} MOA: glycoprotein-bismuth complex with mucus (protective barrier)\{\{nl\}\} Stimulates epidermal growth factor which enhances ulcer healing.} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{NaHCO3: systemic antacid.} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Gastric antacid mixtures}} benefits: \{\{nl\}\} 1. combine rapid \& slow acting components to get rapid onset with sustained action. \{\{nl\}\}2. Decreases dose and SE of single agents\{\{nl\}\} 3. Use agents that antagonize each other.} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Manage peptic ulcer}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{2. H2 receptor antagonist\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{MOA: inhibits acid and gastrin stimulated secretions.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} Cimetidine\{\{nl\}\} has many SE: impotence, gynecomastia, headache, dirrahea, muscle pain, short acting and CYP 450 inhibitor (D-D interactions)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Ranitidine\{\{ac\}\}\{\{nl\}\} more potent than cimetidine. \{\{nl\}\}has furan ring.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Famotidine-Nizatidine-Roxatidine\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Endogenous substances stimulating gastric acid secretion: ACh-Gastrin-Histamine-Calcium\{\{nl\}\} \newline Uses of H2RB:  \newline 1. PU \newline 2. Benign gastric ulcer \newline 3. Reflux esophagitis  \newline 4. Hypersecretory conditions.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{6.0732 cm} x{3.374 cm} x{7.4228 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Manage peptic ulcer 3. PPI}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Omeprazole\{\{ac\}\} & Lansoprazole\{\{ac\}\} & Esomeprazole\{\{ac\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Enteric-coated} granules. &  & S-enantiomer of omeprazole. found in racemic omperazole. \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
ttt of gastric \& duodenal ulcers. &  & More active due decreased interindividual variation in bioavailability. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Prodrugs.}} \newline Irreversibly (covalently) inhibit the proton pump (H/K ATPase) which stops proton pumping into gastric lumen.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Manage peptic ulcer}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
4. Sucralfate (chemical complex) & 5. Prostaglandins {\bf{cytoprotective drugs}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Adjuvant therapy with only local action in GIT. & Inhibit gastric acid \& pepsin secretions. \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
MOA: forms a protective barrier around ulcer site. & Misoprostil\{\{ac\}\}\{\{nl\}\} Semisynthetic deriv. from PGE1 , but {\bf{more stable \& selective due to 16-methyl and 16-hydroxy gp.}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 7)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & - increase GI mucus and bicarbonates. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & - Used with NSAIDs for gastric and duodenal ulcer ttt. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Misoprostol\{\{ac\}\} \{\{nl\}\} anti-secretory \& cytoprotective. \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{4.1175 cm} x{4.1175 cm} x{4.1175 cm} x{4.1175 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Laxatives}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Stimulant laxatives\{\{ac\}\} & Saline laxatives\{\{ac\}\} & \seqsplit{Bulk-forming} laxatives\{\{ac\}\} & Fecal softners \{\{ac\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Increase \seqsplit{perstalisis} \& effect on water \seqsplit{reabsorption} and \seqsplit{secretion.} & Mg, sulfates, \seqsplit{phosphates} and tartrates salts.\{\{nl\}\}-Mg \seqsplit{citrate-Mg} \seqsplit{sulfate-Dibasic} sodium \seqsplit{phosphate.} & \seqsplit{Polysaccharides} that are only partially \seqsplit{hydrolyzed}. (Plantago seed, \seqsplit{Polycarbophil)} & \seqsplit{Surfuctants} or wetting agents. (Docusate soduim) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 10)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Anthraquinone} \seqsplit{laxatives:} Senna, Cascara & MOA: (work by hyperosmolarity)\{\{nl\}\} Cations and anions that are not absorbed from GIT and in a \seqsplit{hypertonic} solution, draw water from tissue into intestine-\textgreater{} perstalisis-\textgreater{} watery stool. & MOA: The \seqsplit{undigested} portions of the polymer are \seqsplit{hydrophilic}, so they swell and form a viscous solution or gel-\textgreater{} \seqsplit{perstalisis-}.\textgreater{}soft \seqsplit{gelatinous} stool & \seqsplit{Non-absorbable} \& \seqsplit{non-toxic.} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 19)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{4.1175 cm} x{4.1175 cm} x{4.1175 cm} x{4.1175 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Laxatives (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Diphenylmethane:} Bisacodyl, \seqsplit{phenophathalein} &  &  & MOA: lower surface tension of stool to allow \seqsplit{intestinal} fluid penetration-{}-\textgreater{} soft stool. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  &  & uses: for \seqsplit{geriatrics}. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{7.5988 cm} x{9.6712 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Anti-diarrheal agents}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Loperamide HCl \{\{ac\}\} & Diphenoxylate HCl \{\{ac\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Synthetic . & Synthetic congener of meperidine (opioid analog). \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
For acute non-specific diarrhea. & Slows intestinal motility. \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{MOA: works on opioid receptors} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{Uses: travellers diarrhea.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Antiemetics}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\{\{ac\}\}Anti-psychotics} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Phenthiazines \& butyrophenones} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Act on CTZ.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{5.7358 cm} x{5.5671 cm} x{5.5671 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Adsorbants}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Activated charcoal\{\{ac\}\} & Kaolin\{\{ac\}\} & Pectin\{\{ac\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Treated residue to increase adsorptive power. & hydrated aluminium silicate & Natural purified \seqsplit{carbohydrate.} Consists of partially methoxylated \seqsplit{polygalacturonic} acid. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 7)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Uses: \seqsplit{Antiflatulence} and antidote & Alone or a mixture with pectin. & Uses: protectant agent for diarrhea in infants and children \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Uses: for food poisoning diarrhoea or dysentery. &  \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{Inert powders that adsorb gas, toxins \& bacteria.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{5.7358 cm} x{5.5671 cm} x{5.5671 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Miscellaneous GI compounds}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Cholestyramine} resin\{\{ac\}\} & Lactulose\{\{ac\}\} & Simethicone\{\{ac\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Strong basic anion exchange resin with \seqsplit{styrene-divinyl} benzene copolymer with a quaternary ammonium. & Syrup to reduce blood ammonia levels. & Mix of fully methylated linear siloxane polymer of repeating units. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
MOA: Bile acid \seqsplit{sequesterant.} & MOA: its poorly absorbed and converted in GIT into acids that neutralize ammonia. & Uses: antifoaming agent for distention, \seqsplit{anti-spasmodic}, \seqsplit{antiflatulance} (for kids). \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 7)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Chelating agent so D-D interactions occur and affects ADEK vit. absorption. & \seqsplit{Uses:Laxative}, \seqsplit{Portal-systemic} \seqsplit{encephalopathy.} &  \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{17.67cm}}{Uses: high cholesterol managmenr} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}



\end{document}