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% Document Info
\author{Sahasra M}
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  /Title (evolution-bio-cheat-sheet-chapter-15.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Sahasra M)
  /Subject (Evolution BIO  Chapter 15 Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Evolution BIO  Chapter 15 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Sahasra M} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/181013/cs/38922/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Sahasra M \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/sahasra-m} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 25th May, 2023.\\
   Updated 25th May, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Evolution}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- evolution: process where modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
- theory: well supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Voyage of the Beagle}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- darwin joined the crew of the H.M.S. Beagle  \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
- during his voyage, darwil made a hypothesis about the way life changes over time \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
- his samples of animal \& plants specimen led him to  a scientific explanation for the diversity of life% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Darwin's Observations}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- darwin was curious about how organisms were so perfectly suited to their environment and what role fossils played \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
- fossils: preserved remains of ancient organisms \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
- he noticed different shapes in bird beaks and turtle shells among different islands \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
- he wondered if these organisms had once been a part of the same species% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ancient, Changing Earth}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- hutton \& lyell discovered that the earth is many millions of years old \& the processes that changed the earth in the past are the same processes that operate in the present \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 4)
- hutton: layers of rock are evidence of how old earth is \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
- lyell: geological phenomena like volcanoes evidence of how processes shaped earth millions of years ago and still do% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Lamarck's Evolution Hypothesis}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- lamrack: selective use or disuse of organs -\textgreater{} organisms acquired or lost traits over time -\textgreater{} traits passed to offspring -\textgreater{} change in species \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
- discovered that environments also affect organisms% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Population Growth}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- malthus: if population grows \& left unchecked -\textgreater{} fewer resources (livong space \& food)% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Inherited Variation \& Artificial Selection}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- artifical selection: nature provides variation \& human selected those variations that they found useful% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Evolution by Natural Selection}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- struggle for existence: competition among species for resources to survive \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
- fitness: organism's ability to survive and reproduce in an environment \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
- adaption: any inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
- survival of the fittest: individuals who survive and reproduce most successfully \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2)
- descent w/ modification: each species has descended with changes from other species over time (all organisms are related to one another) \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 3)
- common descent: we could find the common ancestors of all living things% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Evidence of Evolution}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- darwin proposed liing things have been evolving on earth for millions of years; evidence: fossil record, geological distribution of living species, homologous structures of living organisms, \& similarities in embryology \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 5)
- homologous structures: structure that mature differently ut develop from the same embryonic tissues \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 3)
- vestigal organs: anatomical structures that are retained in a species despite having lost their primary ancestral function% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
} \tn 
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}