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% Document Info
\author{S03aljabri}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (engineering-materials.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (S03aljabri)
  /Subject (Engineering Materials Cheat Sheet)
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Engineering Materials Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{S03aljabri} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/178697/cs/37237/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}S03aljabri \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/s03aljabri} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 21st February, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{4}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.57918 cm} x{1.85382 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 + 2:}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{CHAPTER 1:}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Material Science:}}}} & {\emph{Investigates the relationships that exist between Structure \& Properties of materials.}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Material Engineering:}}}} & {\emph{Designing the structure of a material to produce required set of properties.}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Classification of materials:}}}} & {\emph{Metals, Ceramics, Polymers \& Composites}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Advanced materials}}}} & {\emph{Semiconductors, Biomaterials, Smart materials \& Nano-materials}} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{CHAPTER 2:}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Solid Materials Classifications:}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Crystalline Materials:}}}} & {\emph{Atoms are situated in a repeating/periodic array over large atomic distances.}} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Examples:}} & {\emph{All metals, many ceramics, and some polymers}} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Lattice:}}}} & {\emph{3D array of points coinciding with atom positions.}} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Unit Cells:}}}} & {\emph{The basic structure unit or building block of the crystal structure}} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.57918 cm} x{1.85382 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 + 2: (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 11
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Metallic Crystal Structures:}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{FCC:}} {\emph{Face-Centered Cubic}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Atoms located at each corners and center of each face}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Edge Length:}}}} {\emph{a = 2R√2}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Association:}}}} {\emph{unit cell has four equivalent atoms (i.e. {[}1/8 x8{]}+{[}1/2 x6{]})}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Co-ordination Number:}}}} {\emph{Each atom has the same number of nearest- neighbor or touching atoms, FCC has 12}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 6)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Atomic Packing Factor(APF):}}}} {\emph{APF = (volume of atoms in a unit cell)/ (volume of unit cell) FCC is 0.74}} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 6)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{BCC:}}}} {\emph{Body-Centered Cubic}}} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Cubic unit cell with atoms located at each corner and a single atom at the cube center.}} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 5)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Edge length:}}}} {\emph{a = 4R/√3}} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.57918 cm} x{1.85382 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 + 2: (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 21
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 & {\bf{{\emph{Association \#:}}}} {\emph{2 (1 atom from 8 corners + 1 single center atom)}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Co-ordination \#:}}}} {\emph{8}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{ APF:}}}} {\emph{0.68}} \tn 
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% Row 24
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{HCP:}}}} {\emph{Hexagonal Closed-Packed}}} \tn 
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% Row 25
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Regular hexagons on top \& bottom faces with one atom located at each corner (6 corners) and a single atom in the face center. Another plane provides 3 additional atoms is located between top and bottom faces.}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 10)
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Association \#:}}}} {\emph{6 ( {[}12x1/6{]} + {[}2x1/2{]} + 3)}} \tn 
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% Row 27
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Co-ordination \#:}}}} {\emph{12}} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{ APF:}}}} {\emph{0.74}} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 29
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Density Computation:}}}} \{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
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% Row 30
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{p}}}} = ({\bf{{\emph{n}}}} x {\bf{{\emph{A}}}}) / ({\bf{{\emph{V\textasciicircum{}C\textasciicircum{}}}}} x {\bf{{\emph{N\textasciicircum{}A\textasciicircum{}}}}})} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 31
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 & {\bf{{\emph{p =}}}} {\emph{Density}} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 1)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{n =}}}} {\emph{number of cells associated}} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 + 2: (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 33
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 & {\bf{{\emph{A =}}}} {\emph{Atomic weight}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{V\textasciicircum{}C\textasciicircum{} =}}}} {\emph{Volume of unit cell}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 35
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{N\textasciicircum{}A\textasciicircum{}}}}} {\emph{Avogadro's number (6.023x10\textasciicircum{}23\textasciicircum{})}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 36
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Volumes (V\textasciicircum{}C\textasciicircum{}):}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 37
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 & {\bf{{\emph{FCC + BCC =}}}} {\emph{a\textasciicircum{}3\textasciicircum{}}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 38
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{HCC =}}}} {\emph{6R\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{}c√3}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 39
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Crystalline and Noncrystalline Materials}}}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 40
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Single Crystals:}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 41
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{When the periodic and repeated arrangement of atoms is perfect or extends throughout the entirety of the specimen without interruption, the result is a single crystal.}} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 9)
% Row 42
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Polycrystalline:}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 43
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Composed of a collection of many small crystals or grains; such materials are termed polycrystalline.}} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.57918 cm} x{1.85382 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 + 2: (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 44
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Polymer Crystallinity:}}}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 45
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Molecular substances of small molecules (as H2O, CH4,...) are totally Crystalline (as solid) or totally Amorphous (as liquids)}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 7)
% Row 46
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{\% crystallinity =}}}} {\emph{{[}ρc (ρs – ρa){]} / {[}ρs(ρc – ρa){]}x100}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 47
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Degree of crystallinity depends on:}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 48
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Cooling rate during solidification}} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 49
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Chain configuration}} \tn 
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% Row 50
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Noncrystalline Solids:}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 51
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Lacks of systematic and regular arrangement of atoms over relatively large atomic distances.}} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 5)
% Row 52
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Amorphous :}}}} {\emph{meaning literally without form (non-crystalline structure)}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 4)
% Row 53
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Super-cooled liquids :}}}} {\emph{their atomic structure resembles that of liquids}} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CHAPTER 3 + 4}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{CHAPTER 3}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Imperfections In Solids}}}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\emph{Perfect order throughout crystalline materials on an atomic scale does not exist, all contain large numbers of various {\bf{defects}} or {\bf{imperfections.}} }}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Crystalline defect:}}}} & {\emph{Lattice irregularity in one/more of its dimensions on the scale of atomic diameter.}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Classification of crystalline imperfections:}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Point defect:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{associated with one/more atomic positions}} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Types:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Vacancy:}}}} & {\emph{ An atom is missing from one normally occupied site}} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Formed by:}}}} {\emph{Solidification \& Atomic Vibration}} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Equilibrium number of vacancies (N\textasciicircum{}v\textasciicircum{}):}} & {\emph{N\textasciicircum{}v\textasciicircum{} = N x e\textasciicircum{}(-Qv/kT)\textasciicircum{}}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{N :}}}} {\emph{Total number of atomic sites}} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{Qv :}}}} {\emph{Energy required for vacancy formation}} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CHAPTER 3 + 4 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 13
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 & {\bf{{\emph{T :}}}} {\emph{Absolute Temperature}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{k :}}}} *Boltzmann's Constant (1.38x10\textasciicircum{}-23\textasciicircum{} J/atom K or 8.62x10\textasciicircum{}-5\textasciicircum{} ev/atom K) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Self-Interstitial:}}}} & {\emph{It means an atom is crowded into an interstitial site}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 0)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Linear defects:}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{It is 1D defect}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Burgers Vector (BV):}}}} & {\emph{Gives the magnitude \& direction of lattice distortion associated with a dislocation.}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Types:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Edge dislocation:}}}} & {\emph{Linear crystal-line defect associated with the lattice distortion produced in the vicinity of the extra half-plane of atoms within a crystal.}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 8)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{BV :}}}} {\emph{ }}Perpendicular to the dislocation line.* \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 3)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Screw dislocation:}}}} & {\emph{A linear crystal-line defect associated with the lattice distortion produced when normally // planes are joined together to form a helical ramp.}} \tn 
% Row Count 37 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CHAPTER 3 + 4 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 24
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 & {\bf{{\emph{BV :}}}} {\emph{// to the dislocation line.}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Interfacial defect:}}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 27
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{It is 2D defect.}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Grain Boundaries:}}}} & {\emph{It is the boundary separating two small grains/crystals having different crystallographic orientation in polycrystalline materials.}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 7)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Grain Size determination:}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{N =}}}} {\emph{2\textasciicircum{}n-1\textasciicircum{}}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 30
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{N :}}}} {\emph{Average number of grains per in\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{} at 100X magnification.}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 31
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{n :}}}} {\emph{Grain size \#}} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 0)
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Composition / Concentration}}}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 34
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 & {\bf{{\emph{C1 =}}}} {\emph{m1/ (m1+m2)x100}} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 35
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{nm1 =}}}} {\emph{m1 x N\textasciicircum{}A\textasciicircum{}/A1}} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 36
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 & {\bf{{\emph{C1' =}}}} {\emph{nm1/ (nm1+nm2)x100}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
% Row 37
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{{\emph{ρ ave. =}}}} {\emph{100 / (C1/ρ1 + C2/ρ2)}} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 3)
% Row 38
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{{\emph{A ave. =}}}} {\emph{100 / (C1/A1 + C2/A2)}} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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% Row 40
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% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{'}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}