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  /Author (rymansk)
  /Subject (Intro to Psych (ch.1-2-4) Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Intro to Psych (ch.1-2-4) Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{rymansk} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/30653/cs/9170/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 19th September, 2016.\\
   Updated 19th September, 2016.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Psychology is the study of overt behavior and mental processes(overt= things you can see and mentally process)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Empiricism is information gained from direct observation(hard evidence)} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Psychology is a science and profession because what they do is based on evidence/science and they study human nature and the mind} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Psychology is NOT just common sense because it is based on scientific observations} \tn 
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% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A psychologists four main goals are, 1. Description: which is naming and classifying. 2. Understanding: which is when we can state the causes of the behavior. 3. Prediction: which is the ability to forecast behavior accurately. and 4. Control: which is the ability to alter the conditions that affect behavior} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 7)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Critical thinking it a type of reflection that involves asking a belief can be supported by science} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{"Few truths transcend the need for logical analysis and empirical thinking" means some things don't need to be researched (religious beliefs)} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{"Critical thinkers often wonder what it would take to show that a 'truth' is false" means they want to find out when they are wrong, even when it is difficult to accept} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{"Authority or claimed expertise does not automatically make an idea true or false" means you don't have to automatically (dis) believe what a person says} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{"Judging the quality of evidence is crucial" means you should also critically evaluate the quality of ones evidence} \tn 
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% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{"Critical thinking requires an open mind" means you should be able to consider others evidence} \tn 
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% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Wilhelm Wundt was the first guy to make psychology an independent science. Introspection means a better understanding of one} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Edward Kitchener took Wundt's ideas and added 'structure'. Structuralism means to analyze mental life into basic elements} \tn 
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% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{William James as influences by Darwin. Functionalism is the study of how we function and help us adapt to the environment} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{John Watson and B.F. Skinner studied the mind or conscience. Behaviorism is the study of observable behavior(no mind)} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Alfred Bandura studied a view that combines conditioning and thinking. Cognitive Behaviorism is watching and then doing} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Fritz Perls created Gestalt Psychology which is the study of thinking, learning, and perception as a whole unit (can't break it down)} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow focused on human experience, potential, believed 'people are born good'. Humanism is the belief that society gets in the way} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 4)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Freud came up with the unconscious mind, dream interpretation. Psychoanalystic Psychology is where everyone is 'anal' and 'selfish'} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 3)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Biological Perspective explains behavior through activity of brain, nerves, genes, and mechanistic view of nature} \tn 
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% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Psychological Perspective is the study of observable behaviors and the effects of learning} \tn 
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% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sociocultural Perspective is that behavior is related to social and cultural environments within a person is born, grows, and lives} \tn 
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% Row 22
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Eclectic Perspective is to draw insights from a variety of perspectives} \tn 
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% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Psychologists do private practice or university teaching. They have to have a doctorate and license} \tn 
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% Row 24
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Clinical Psychologist treat psychological problems/research on therapies and mental disorders} \tn 
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% Row 25
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Counseling Psychologist treat milder problems as in troubles at work or school} \tn 
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% Row 26
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Psychiatrists can prescribe meds. They are medical doctors. Treatment of mental and emotional disorders. Have to have a PhD} \tn 
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% Row 27
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Counselors are mental health professionals who help people with problems that don't involve serious disorders} \tn 
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% Row 28
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Social workers are mental health professionals that apply social science to help patients} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{(Scientific method) Making observations mean to observe behaviors} \tn 
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% Row 30
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{(scientific method) A problem is what is wrong} \tn 
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% Row 31
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{(scientific method) a hypothesis is an educated guess of the topic} \tn 
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% Row 32
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{(scientific method) gathering evidence means to test a hypothesis} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{(Scientific method) theory building means to find information about your theory} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{(scientific method) Publishing results means to publish your results to see if your results to see if its right/wrong} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 35
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Naturalistic observation means to observe behavior as it unfolds in natural settings} \tn 
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% Row 36
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An advantage of naturalistic observation is you can gather important information.} \tn 
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% Row 37
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A limitation is that there is no control possible} \tn 
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% Row 38
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An observer effect is the change in an organisms behavior by knowing they are observed} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 39
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An observer bias is to see what they expect to see} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 40
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Correlational studies are two or more factors are studied/non-experimental study to measure relationships} \tn 
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% Row 41
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Positive correlational is a statistical relationship in which if one increases in one measure, the other will correspond} \tn 
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% Row 42
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Negative correlational means a statistical relationship where is one measure increase the other will decrease} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 43
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Correlation is not Causation!!! Causation is the act of causing some effect} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 44
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A clinical method (case study) is an in-depth focus on a single participant} \tn 
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% Row 45
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Phineas Gage was a young foreman on a work crew who had a 13 lb steel rod impaled into the front of his brain by an explosion of dynamite and he lived with zero problems} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 46
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A survey method allows information about large numbers of people to be gathered and can address questions not answered by other approaches} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 47
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A representative sample is a small group that accurately reflects a larger population whereas a population is an entire group of people belonging to a particular category} \tn 
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% Row 48
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Internet surveys provide interesting information about topics BUT can limit web-based research} \tn 
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% Row 49
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Social desirability is when people might not be honest/people want to be better than they are} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 50
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Subjects are who you use in an experiment-not biased} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 51
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Independent variable are variables the researcher manipulates} \tn 
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% Row 52
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Dependent variables depend on the independents variable outcome} \tn 
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% Row 53
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Extraneous Variables are where one has no control over} \tn 
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% Row 54
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An experimental group is where one can alter a condition} \tn 
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% Row 55
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Control groups are where things don't change} \tn 
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% Row 56
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A random assignment is where everyone is assigned different things} \tn 
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% Row 57
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A statistically significance is research that the same outcome will occur} \tn 
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% Row 58
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A meta-analysis takes all the research, combines it, and finds the final outcome} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 59
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A placebo effect is believing something is making a difference when it isn't (knowing its going to happen)} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 1 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 60
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A single-blind experiment is when subjects don't know what testing they've got} \tn 
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% Row 61
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A double-blind experiment is when the researcher AND the subjects are both blind to the testing} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 4}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Transducers are devices that convert one kind of of energy into another} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sensations are sensory impressions; process of detecting physical energies with the sensory organs} \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Perceptions are the mental processes of organizing sensations into meaningful patterns} \tn 
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% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Stimulus(Energy)-{}-\textgreater{}Receptors(Senses)-{}-\textgreater{}Neural Pathways(Elect impulses)-{}-\textgreater{}Brain(Cortex)} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sensory Selection is considerable selection that occurs because sensory receptors do not transduce all the energies that they encounter} \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sensory Analysis is the separation of sensory information into important elements} \tn 
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% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The pupil is the centre of the iris of the eye that allows light to strike the retina} \tn 
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% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Lens are transparent structures behind the iris; colored part of eye} \tn 
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% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Retina is the light-sensitive layer of cells at the back of the eye} \tn 
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% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The optic nerve transmits impulses to the brain from the retina at the back of the eye} \tn 
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% Row 10
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The occipital lobe helps understand what the eyes are seeing} \tn 
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% Row 11
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Rods are visual receptors for seeing in dim light that produce only black and white sensations} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 12
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Cones are visual receptors for perceiving colors and daylight visual activity} \tn 
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% Row 13
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Accommodation is changes in the shapes of the lens of the eye to enable the seeing of close and far objects} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 3)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 4 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Hyperopia is having difficulty focusing on nearby objects (farsighted)} \tn 
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% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Myopia is having difficulty focusing on distant objects (nearsighted)} \tn 
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% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Astigmatism is the defect in the cornea, lens, or eye that causes some areas of vision to be out of focus} \tn 
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% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Trichromatic theory is the theory of color vision based on 3 cone types (red, green, blue)} \tn 
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% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Opponent Theory is the theory of color vision based on 3 coding color systems (R and G, Y and Blue, Black and W)} \tn 
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% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Color blindness is a total inability to perceive color, and color weakness is the inability to distinguish some colors} \tn 
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% Row 20
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Dark adaptation is increased retinal sensitivity to light} \tn 
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% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sound waves are waves of compression and rarefaction, by which sound is propagated in an elastic medium (air)} \tn 
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% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Outer Ear(Pinna, Eardrum)-\textgreater{}Middle Ear(Ossicles)-\textgreater{}Inner Ear(Cochlea, Hair cells)} \tn 
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% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Frequency Theory is tones up to 4000 herts are converted to nerve impulses that match the frequency of each tone} \tn 
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% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Place Theory is higher and lower tones excite specific areas of the cochlea} \tn 
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% Row 25
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Conductive hearing loss is poor transfer of sounds from the eardrum to the inner ear} \tn 
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% Row 26
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sensorineural hearing loss is loss of hearing caused by damage to the inner ear hair cells or auditory nerves} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 4 (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Absolute Thresholds are minimum amounts of energy that has to be transduce to be picked up on} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Perception is the ability to see, hear, or come aware of something through senses} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Perception \seqsplit{Consequence(Construction)} is the mental model of external events} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 30
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Figure-Ground is perception so that part of a stimulus appears to stand out as an object against a less prominent background} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 31
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Nearness is all other things equal, stimuli appears to stand out as an object against a less prominent background} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Similarity is stimuli that are similar in size, shape, color, or form tend to be grouped together} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Continuation is perceptions that tend toward simplicity and continuity} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Closure is the tendency to complete a figure, so that it has a consistent overall form} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 35
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Size is the perceived size of an object that remains constant, despite changes in its retinal image} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 36
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Shape is perceived shape of an object that is unaffected by changed it its retinal image} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 37
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Brightness is the apparent brightness of objects that remain the same so long as they are illuminated by the same amount of light} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 38
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Depth Perception is the ability to see 3-D space and to judge distances accurately} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 39
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Binocular is information about distance and 3-D space which require two eyes} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 40
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Binocular disparity is discrepancy in the images that reach the right and left eyes} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 4 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 41
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Binocular convergence is the second binocular depth cue (eyes coming together)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 42
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Monocular is information about distance and 3-D space which requires one eye} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 43
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Monocular accommodation is the bending of the lens to focus on nearby objects} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 44
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Monocular Pictorial cues are monocular depth cues found in paintings, drawings, and photographs that impart information about space, depth, and distance} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 45
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A visual cliff is to investigate depth perception in human and animal species} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 46
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Perceptual learning is the changes in perception that can be attributed to prior experiences; result of changes in how the brain processes sensory information} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 2}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A cell body or soma is the main body of a neuron or other cell} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A nucleus is the central and most important part} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A dendrite is a neuron fiber(s) that receive incoming messages} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An axon is fiber that carries information away from the cell body of a neuron} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A myelin sheath is a fatty layer coating some axons} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An axon terminal or synaptic knob is a bulb-shaped structure at the ends of axons that form synapses with dendrites and somas of other neurons} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A synaptic cleft or space is a microscopic space between 2 neurons, over which messages pass} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A receptor site are areas on the surface of neurons and other cells that are sensitive to neurotransmitters or hormones} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Resting potential is an electrical charge of an inactive neuron} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A threshold is a point at which a nerve impulse is triggered} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An action potential is a nerve impulse} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An ion channel are tiny openings through the axon membrane} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A negative after-potential is a drop in electrical charge below the resting potential} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A saltatory conduction is the process by which nerve impulses travel down the axons of neurons coated with myelin jump from gap to gap in the myelin layer} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 2 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An Excitatory neurotransmitter participates in movement} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An Inhibitory neurotransmitter participates in moods} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Neuropeptides are brain chemicals whereas Neurotransmitters are any chemical released by a neuron that alters activity in other neurons} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Neural Networks are interlinked collections of neurons that process information in the brain} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Neuroplasticity is the capacity of the brain to change in response to experience} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Soft signs are behavioral signs of nervous system dysfunctions (clumsiness)} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{EEG is a device that detects, amplifies, and records electrical activity in the brain (brain waves)} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{PET is an imaging technique that results in a computer (generated image of brain activity)} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{MRI is a recording of brain activity} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A central nervous system is a complex of nerve tissues that controls the activities of the brain and spinal cord} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The peripheral nervous system is a nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A somatic system is voluntary control of the body} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A autonomic System is no control of the body} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 27
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sympathetic (part of the autonomic system) arouses the body} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Parasympathetic (part of the autonomic system) slows down everything} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The spinal cord is the conduction path for motor and sensory impulses} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 2 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 30
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The reflex arc is the local reflexes} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 31
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sensory neurons carry information from the sense organs to the brain} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Motor neurons carry signals from the central nervous system to the outer parts(muscles)} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Connection Neurons are neural cells that form connections between neurons} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The left brain is for language, math, time, movement, and controls the right side of the body. The right brain is skills, nonverbal, detect emotions, understanding language, and controls the left side of the body. (The corpus callous cords connects the "two brains"} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 6)
% Row 35
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain (walking and talking)} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 36
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The frontal lobe controls sense of self, motor control, and higher mental abilities such as reasoning and planning} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 37
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The parietal lobe are the sensations such as touch, temperature, and pressure} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 38
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The temporal lobe controls hearing and language, memory (Broca's Area- something to do with verbal talking)} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 39
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Occipital lobe controls vision ( located in the back of brain)} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 40
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Motor cortex is where the brains nerve impulses originate that make voluntary muscular activity} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 41
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sub-cortex(hindbrain) are all brain structures below the cerebral cortex} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 42
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Medulla connects the brain with the spinal cord and controls vital life functions (heart rate, breathing)} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 2 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 43
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Pons are areas on the brainstem that acts as a bridge between the medulla and other structures} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 44
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Cerebellum is the brain structure that controls posture, muscle tone, and coordination. (outside the brain-"how to" skills)} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 45
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Reticular activating system is part of the reticular formation that activates the cerebral cortex (arousal, movement, attention)} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 46
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sub-cortex(limbic system) is the system in the forebrain that is closely linked to emotional response} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 47
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Thalamus is the relay station to cortex for sensory information (sends information where it needs to go)} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 48
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Hypothalamus has the control of hunger, thirst, temperature, and other visceral and bodily functions (emotions, motivation)} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 49
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Amygdala associates with fear responses (anxiety)} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 50
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Hippocampus associates with strong memories} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 51
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The endocrine system contains glands whose secretions pass directly into the bloodstream and lymph system} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 52
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The pituitary gland is the master gland at the base of the brain whose hormones influence other endocrine glands} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 53
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The pineal gland helps regulate body rhythms and sleep cycles} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 54
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The thyroid glands helps regulate the rate of metabolism (in the neck)} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 55
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The adrenal gland arouses the body, regulates salt balance, adjusts the body to stress, and affect sexual functioning hormones} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 2 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 56
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Wernicke's helps understand communicating} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}