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\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
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% Document Info
\author{rileyrnr}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (respiratory-system-cheat-sheet.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (rileyrnr)
  /Subject (Respiratory System Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Respiratory System Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{rileyrnr} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/213609/cs/46509/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}rileyrnr \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/rileyrnr} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 28th May, 2025.\\
   Updated 28th May, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
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% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.00694 cm} x{3.11236 cm} p{0.4577 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Purpose}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Energy & - for cellular activities &  \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Produce ATP & - to support energy creating chemical reactions &  \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Remove CO2 & - to prevent dangerous PH fluctuations resulting from of reactions &  \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Homeostatis} & - by exchanging O2 and CO2 with the atmosphere and blood &  \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.59264 cm} x{3.38436 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Definitions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Alveoli & - small thin-walled sacs where gas exchange occurs \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Bronchi & - two main branches stemming from the trachea \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Bronchioles & - small branches stemming from the bronchi \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Larynx & - voice box at the entrance to the trachea \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Lungs & - organs consisting of the lower portion of the respiratory airways, the pulmonary circulation, and connective tissue \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Nasal Passages & - the nose \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Respiratory Airways & - tubes that move air between the atmosphere and the alveoli \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Respiratory System & - system responsible for breathing in \& out \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Pharynx & - passageway to the lungs and the stomach \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Pleura & - produce fluid that lubricates the lung to prevent friction when breathing \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Pleural Cavity & - the space between the pleural sacs \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
Pleural Sacs & - thin, fluid-filled, membranes that enclose the lungs \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Trachea & - tube through which air is conducted to the lungs \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Definitions (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 13
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Ventilation & - the exchange of air between the atmosphere and alveoli \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{External Respiration}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. {\bf{Ventilation}} or gas exchange between the atmosphere and air sacs in the lungs} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. {\bf{Exchange}} of O2 and CO2 between air in the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. {\bf{Transport}} of O2 and CO2 by the blood between the lungs and tissues} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{4. {\bf{Exchange}} of O2 and CO2 between blood in the systemic capillaries and the tissue cells} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{This then leads into Cellular Respiration}}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pressures Important for Ventilation}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Atmospheric Pressure} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Intra-alveolar Pressure} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Intrapleular Pressure} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{4. Transmural Pressure Gradient} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Boyle's Law}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Volume Change → Pressure Change → Flow of Gases to Equalized Pressure \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
{\bf{Boyle's Law}}: at a constant temperature the pressure of a gas varies inversely with its volume \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
Large Container = molecules far apart = low pressure \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
Small Container = molecules close together = high pressure% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Lung Compliance}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Otherwise known as flexibility or inverse of stiffness \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
Greater lung compliance = easier to expand lungs \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
Determinants of Lung Stiffness: \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
1. {\bf{Stretchability}} of lung tissue \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
2. {\bf{Alveolar surface tension}}% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
} \tn 
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pulmonary Surfactant}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Is a mixture of phospholipids and proteins} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Is secreted by type II alveolar cells} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Airway Branching}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Conducting zone}}  \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
Trachea (1) ↓ \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
Bronchi (2) ↓ \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
Bronchioles (16) ↓ \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
Terminal Bronchioles (6x10\textasciicircum{}4) ↓ \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
{\bf{Respiratory Zone}} \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
{\emph{where gas exchange happens}} \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
Respiratory Bronchioles (5x10\textasciicircum{}5) ↓ \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
Alveolar Ducts ↓ \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
Alveolar Sacs% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Functions of the Conducting Zone}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Provides a low-resistance pathway for airflow \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
2. Defends against microbes, toxic chemicals, and other foreign matter. \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
3. Warms and moistens the air \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
4. Aids in sound production% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Inspiration}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Diaphragm contracts making the thoracic cavity taller} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{External intercostal muscles contract lifting the ribcage and widening the thoracic cavity} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Inspiration \& Expiration Diagram}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/rileyrnr_1748403685_inspiration expiration.jpg}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Expiration}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{In {\bf{Passive Expiration}} the inspiratory muscles relax and the ribs, sternum, and diaphragm return to resting} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{In {\bf{Active Expiration}} the abdominal muscles contract, causing the diaphragm to push upward, shortening the thoracic cavity. Internal intercostal muscles flattens the ribs and sternum further shortening the cavity.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}