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  /Title (stalin-s-five-year-plan-and-collectivization.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (RainyMoons (RainyMoons))
  /Subject (Stalin's Five Year Plan \& Collectivization Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Stalin's Five Year Plan \& Collectivization Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{RainyMoons (RainyMoons)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/153402/cs/44187/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 21st August, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Introduction to Stalin's Economic Policies}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Context:}} After Lenin's death in 1924, Joseph Stalin emerged as the leader of the Soviet Union. His goal was to rapidly transform the Soviet economy from a peasant-based agrarian economy to an industrial powerhouse capable of competing with Western nations.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Key Focus:}} Industrialization and collectivization were central to this transformation. Stalin aimed to consolidate power by implementing state-controlled economic plans.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The First Five-Year Plan (1928-1932)}}  \tn
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{\bf{Objective}} & The First Five-Year Plan was launched in 1928 with the primary goal of rapid industrialization and the expansion of the Soviet Union's industrial base. \tn 
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{\bf{Goals and Targets}} & {\bf{Industrial Growth:}} Emphasis on heavy industries like steel, coal, and machinery. Ambitious targets for increasing production in these sectors. Development of new industrial cities like Magnitogorsk. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Infrastructure Development:}} Expansion of railways, electricity production, and urban infrastructure. Projects like the Dnieper Dam to boost electricity generation. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Centralized Planning:}} The Gosplan (State Planning Committee) was responsible for setting and monitoring production targets. Focus on quantity over quality, leading to inflated production figures and falsified reports. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The First Five-Year Plan (1928-1932) (cont)}}  \tn
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{\bf{Achievements and Shortcomings}} & {\bf{Achievements:}} Significant increases in industrial output, especially in heavy industries. Rapid urbanization with the creation of new industrial centers. The Soviet Union began to close the industrial gap with Western powers. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Shortcomings:}} Severe shortages of consumer goods as the focus was on heavy industry. Poor living conditions and harsh labor environments for workers. Forced labor in Gulags (labor camps) was used to meet production quotas. Inefficiency and waste due to lack of skilled management and unrealistic targets. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Collectivization (1929-1933)}}  \tn
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{\bf{Objective}} & To consolidate individual peasant farms into large, state-controlled collective farms (kolkhozes) and state farms (sovkhozes), aiming to increase agricultural productivity and feed the growing urban population. \tn 
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{\bf{Rationale and Implementation}} & {\bf{Reasons for Collectivization:}} Eliminate the "kulaks" (wealthy peasants) as a class, whom Stalin viewed as a threat. Increase state control over agricultural production and rural areas. Free up labor from agriculture to be redirected to industrial sectors. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Methods of Implementation:}} Forced collectivization: Peasants were compelled to join collective farms. Propaganda campaigns: Used to promote the benefits of collectivization. Violent repression: Resistance from peasants led to mass arrests, executions, and deportations, especially targeting kulaks. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Collectivization (1929-1933) (cont)}}  \tn
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{\bf{Consequences of Collectivization}} & {\bf{Economic Consequences:}} Initial drop in agricultural production due to widespread resistance and mismanagement. Massive grain requisitioning led to severe shortages and famine, most notably the Holodomor in Ukraine (1932-1933), where millions perished. Long-term decline in agricultural productivity due to the loss of skilled farmers and inefficient collective farm structures. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Social Consequences:}} Widespread famine and suffering, especially in Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and other regions. Destruction of the traditional rural way of life. Strengthened state control over the countryside and agricultural production. Suppression of opposition, leading to a climate of fear and repression. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Political and Social Implications}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Stalin's Consolidation of Power:}} The First Five-Year Plan and collectivization helped Stalin eliminate political rivals and potential threats, such as the kulaks and opposition within the Communist Party. The successes of industrialization were used to legitimize Stalin's regime and his brutal policies.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Impact on Society:}} The Soviet population experienced severe hardships, including famines, forced labor, and repression. Despite the suffering, the Soviet Union emerged as a significant industrial power by the late 1930s.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Conclusion}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Assessment:}} The First Five-Year Plan and collectivization were central to Stalin's vision of transforming the Soviet Union into a modern industrial state. While the industrial targets were largely met, the human cost was immense, with millions of lives lost due to famine, forced labor, and state repression. These policies laid the groundwork for the Soviet Union's future as a superpower but at the expense of widespread suffering and the suppression of individual freedoms.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Legacy:}} The First Five-Year Plan and collectivization left a mixed legacy: success in industrialization but a tragic failure in terms of human cost and agricultural productivity. These policies significantly shaped the Soviet Union's social, economic, and political landscape for decades to come.} \tn 
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