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  /Title (soviet-response-to-containment.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (RainyMoons (RainyMoons))
  /Subject (Soviet Response to Containment Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Soviet Response to Containment Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{RainyMoons (RainyMoons)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/153402/cs/44135/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 18th August, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Early Soviet Response}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Consolidation of Power in Eastern Europe}} & After World War II, the Soviet Union quickly moved to establish control over Eastern Europe, creating a buffer zone of communist states. \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & By installing pro-Soviet governments in countries like Poland, East Germany, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, the USSR secured its western front and countered Western influence. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 9)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{The Iron Curtain}} & The division between Eastern and Western Europe was solidified by the "Iron Curtain," a term popularized by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe the ideological and physical boundary separating the Soviet-controlled East from the West. \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 12)
% Row 3
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 & The Iron Curtain symbolized the growing divide between the Soviet bloc and the Western democracies, with Eastern Europe effectively isolated from the West. \tn 
% Row Count 36 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Early Soviet Response (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 4
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{\bf{Formation of the Cominform (1947)}} & In response to the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, the Soviet Union established the Communist Information Bureau (Cominform) to coordinate and strengthen communist parties across Europe. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
% Row 5
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 & The Cominform aimed to maintain Soviet control over communist parties in Eastern Europe and to support communist movements in Western Europe. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Berlin Blockade \& Airlift (1948-1949)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Background}} & Berlin, located deep within Soviet-occupied East Germany, was a focal point of Cold War tensions. The city was divided into sectors controlled by the U.S., Britain, France, and the Soviet Union. \tn 
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% Row 1
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 & In 1948, in response to the introduction of a new currency in West Berlin and the growing influence of the West in the city, the Soviet Union blocked all land and water routes into West Berlin. \tn 
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{\bf{Soviet Objectives}} & The blockade was an attempt to force the Western Allies out of Berlin and to prevent the unification of the Western zones of Germany, which the Soviets feared would create a strong, capitalist state aligned with the U.S. \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 11)
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Berlin Blockade \& Airlift (1948-1949) (cont)}}  \tn
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{\bf{Western Response and Soviet Reaction}} & The U.S. and its allies responded with the Berlin Airlift, a massive operation to supply West Berlin with food, fuel, and other necessities via air. \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 8)
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 & The success of the airlift forced the Soviets to lift the blockade in May 1949, marking a significant failure for the Soviet strategy and a victory for the U.S. policy of containment. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 10)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.18988 cm} x{2.78712 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Formation of the Warsaw Pact (1955)}}  \tn
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{\bf{Background}} & In response to the formation of NATO and West Germany's integration into the Western alliance, the Soviet Union established the Warsaw Pact in 1955. \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
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 & The Warsaw Pact was a collective defense treaty among the Soviet Union and its Eastern European satellite states, serving as a military counterbalance to NATO. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 8)
% Row 2
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{\bf{Purpose of the Warsaw Pact}} & The Warsaw Pact formalized Soviet military control over Eastern Europe and ensured that member states would support the USSR in case of a conflict with NATO. \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 8)
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 & It also allowed the Soviet Union to station troops in member countries, further solidifying its control over the region. \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 6)
% Row 4
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{\bf{Impact on Cold War Dynamics}} & The formation of the Warsaw Pact deepened the division between East and West, contributing to the militarization of the Cold War and the perpetuation of the arms race. \tn 
% Row Count 37 (+ 8)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Formation of the Warsaw Pact (1955) (cont)}}  \tn
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 & It also provided a mechanism for the Soviet Union to intervene militarily in Eastern Europe, as seen in the crushing of uprisings in Hungary (1956) and Czechoslovakia (1968). \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 8)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Spread of Communism}}  \tn
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{\bf{Support for Communist Movements}} & The Soviet Union actively supported communist movements and regimes in Asia, Africa, and Latin America as a way to counter U.S. influence and expand its own. \tn 
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% Row 1
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 & This included support for the Chinese Communist Party during the Chinese Civil War, assistance to North Korea during the Korean War, and backing for North Vietnam during the Vietnam War. \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)}} & The Soviet placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba, just 90 miles from the U.S. coast, was a direct response to U.S. containment policies, particularly the presence of U.S. missiles in Turkey and Italy. \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 10)
% Row 3
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 & The crisis brought the world to the brink of nuclear war but ended with the Soviet Union agreeing to remove the missiles in exchange for a U.S. pledge not to invade Cuba and the secret removal of U.S. missiles from Turkey. \tn 
% Row Count 40 (+ 12)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Spread of Communism (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 4
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{\bf{The Soviet-Afghan War (1979-1989)}} & The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 was an attempt to prop up a communist government and prevent the spread of Islamic insurgency, which was seen as a threat to Soviet control in Central Asia. \tn 
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 & The U.S. supported Afghan mujahideen fighters through covert operations, turning the conflict into a protracted and costly war for the Soviet Union, contributing to its eventual collapse. \tn 
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Soviet Domestic Policies}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Increased Repression and Control}} & Internally, the Soviet leadership, particularly under Stalin, responded to the pressures of containment by tightening political control, increasing propaganda, and suppressing dissent. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 1
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 & The Gulag system was expanded, and political purges were conducted to eliminate perceived enemies of the state. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 6)
% Row 2
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{\bf{Economic and Military Strain}} & The Soviet Union invested heavily in its military and space programs to keep pace with the U.S., leading to significant economic strain. \tn 
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 & The arms race, particularly the development of nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles, diverted resources from the civilian economy and contributed to long-term economic stagnation. \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 9)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.43873 cm} x{2.53827 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Later Years}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Glasnost and Perestroika}} & By the 1980s, the Soviet economy was faltering under the weight of military spending and inefficiency. Mikhail Gorbachev, who became General Secretary in 1985, introduced reforms to address these issues. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 11)
% Row 1
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 & Glasnost (openness) and Perestroika (restructuring) aimed to make the Soviet system more transparent and efficient, but they also unleashed forces that ultimately weakened the Soviet state. \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 10)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Reduction of Cold War Tensions}} & Gorbachev sought to ease Cold War tensions through arms control agreements, such as the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) with the U.S. in 1987. \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 8)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & He also signaled a reduction in Soviet interventionism by withdrawing troops from Afghanistan and allowing Eastern European countries to pursue their own paths, leading to the collapse of communist regimes in the region. \tn 
% Row Count 40 (+ 11)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.43873 cm} x{2.53827 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Later Years (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Collapse of the Soviet Union (1991)}} & The combination of internal economic problems, nationalist movements within the Soviet republics, and external pressures from U.S. policies led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
% Row 5
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 & The end of the Cold War marked the failure of the Soviet response to U.S. containment and the collapse of the communist bloc in Eastern Europe. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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% That's all folks
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