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  /Title (intro-to-forensic-investigation.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (RainyMoons (RainyMoons))
  /Subject (Intro to Forensic Investigation Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Intro to Forensic Investigation Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{RainyMoons (RainyMoons)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/153402/cs/44267/}}}
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  \vspace{-2pt}RainyMoons (RainyMoons) \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 30th August, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.34379 cm} x{3.63321 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Overview}}  \tn
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{\bf{Definition:}} & Forensic investigation involves the application of scientific methods and techniques to collect, analyze, and interpret evidence related to criminal activities. It aims to support legal proceedings and ensure justice by providing objective and accurate findings. \tn 
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{\bf{Scope:}} & Encompasses various sub-disciplines, including crime scene investigation, forensic biology, forensic chemistry, forensic odontology, and forensic anthropology. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Crime Scene Investigation}}  \tn
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{\bf{Crime Scene Definition:}} & The physical location where a crime has occurred or is suspected to have occurred. This can include primary scenes (where the crime happened) and secondary scenes (where evidence related to the crime is found). \tn 
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{\bf{Crime Scene Management:}} & {\bf{Securing the Scene:}} Ensuring the scene is protected from contamination and unauthorized access. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Documentation: Photography:}} Taking comprehensive and detailed photos of the scene, evidence, and surroundings. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Documentation: Sketching:}} Creating accurate diagrams of the crime scene to document evidence placement and spatial relationships. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Documentation: Notes:}} Recording detailed observations and actions taken during the investigation. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Crime Scene Investigation (cont)}}  \tn
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 & {\bf{Evidence Collection: Search Methods:}} Using systematic techniques such as grid, spiral, or quadrant searches to locate evidence. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Evidence Collection: Preservation:}} Handling evidence carefully to prevent contamination or degradation. Using proper packaging and labeling. \tn 
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{\bf{Chain of Custody:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} The process of maintaining and documenting the handling of evidence from collection to presentation in court. \tn 
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 & **Importance: Ensures that evidence remains intact and is admissible in court. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Forensic Biology}}  \tn
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{\bf{Overview:}} & The study of biological evidence to identify and analyze living organisms, tissues, and fluids involved in criminal activities. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: DNA Analysis:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Examining genetic material to identify individuals based on unique DNA profiles. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis, and mitochondrial DNA testing. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Bloodstain Pattern Analysis:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Analyzing bloodstains to reconstruct events related to a crime, such as the position of victims or the type of weapon used. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Definition:}} Analyzing bloodstains to reconstruct events related to a crime, such as the position of victims or the type of weapon used. \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Forensic Biology (cont)}}  \tn
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{\bf{Key Areas: Entomology:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Studying insect activity on decomposing bodies to estimate the time of death. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Identifying and analyzing insect species and life stages. \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Forensic Chemistry}}  \tn
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{\bf{Overview:}} & The application of chemical analysis to identify and analyze substances related to criminal investigations. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Drug Analysis:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Identifying and quantifying controlled substances and illegal drugs. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Toxicology:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Analyzing biological samples (e.g., blood, urine) to detect the presence of poisons, drugs, or other toxic substances. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Immunoassays, Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Explosives and Firearms Analysis:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Identifying residues and components of explosives and firearms to link suspects to criminal activities. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Forensic Chemistry (cont)}}  \tn
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Chemical tests for residues, comparison of ballistic evidence. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.28942 cm} x{2.68758 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Forensic Odontology}}  \tn
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{\bf{Overview:}} & The application of dental science to identify individuals and analyze bite marks in criminal investigations. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Identification:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Using dental records to identify deceased individuals or victims in cases where other identification methods are not available. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Bite Mark Analysis:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Analyzing bite marks on victims to identify suspects based on dental patterns. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Comparing bite mark patterns with dental impressions and photographs. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.23965 cm} x{2.73735 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Forensic Anthropology}}  \tn
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{\bf{Overview:}} & The study of human skeletal remains to assist in identifying individuals and determining cause of death. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Skeletal Analysis:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Examining bones to determine age, sex, ancestry, and stature of deceased individuals. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Analyzing bone morphology and dental patterns. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Trauma Analysis:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Identifying and interpreting skeletal trauma to determine the cause of death or injury. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Examining fractures, bullet wounds, and other injuries. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Forensic Pathology}}  \tn
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{\bf{Overview:}} & The study of cause and manner of death through the examination of deceased bodies. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Autopsy:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} A thorough examination of a body to determine the cause of death and collect evidence \tn 
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 & {\bf{Types:}} Medical autopsies (for health reasons) and forensic autopsies (for legal investigations). \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Determination of Cause and Manner of Death:}} & {\bf{Cause of Death:}} The specific reason for death (e.g., gunshot wound, overdose). \tn 
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 & {\bf{Manner of Death:}} The circumstances surrounding the death (e.g., homicide, accident, natural causes). \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Digital Forensics}}  \tn
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{\bf{Overview:}} & The investigation of digital devices to recover and analyze electronic evidence related to criminal activities. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Data Recovery:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Extracting data from digital devices such as computers, smartphones, and storage media. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Using specialized software and hardware to recover deleted or encrypted data. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Cybercrime Investigation:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Investigating crimes involving computers and networks, such as hacking, fraud, and cyberstalking. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Analyzing network logs, email records, and digital footprints. \tn 
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{\bf{Key Areas: Incident Response:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Managing and responding to cybersecurity incidents to prevent further damage and gather evidence. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Digital Forensics (cont)}}  \tn
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 & {\bf{Techniques:}} Implementing containment measures, conducting forensic analysis, and documenting findings. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.14011 cm} x{2.83689 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Legal and Ethical Considerations}}  \tn
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{\bf{Admissibility of Evidence:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Ensuring that forensic evidence is collected, preserved, and presented according to legal standards. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Challenges:}} Addressing issues such as contamination, chain of custody, and proper documentation. \tn 
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{\bf{Ethical Issues:}} & {\bf{Confidentiality:}} Protecting the privacy of individuals involved in investigations and handling sensitive information responsibly. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Bias and Objectivity:}} Ensuring that forensic investigations are conducted impartially and without personal or professional biases. \tn 
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{\bf{Expert Testimony:}} & {\bf{Role:}} Providing expert opinions and interpretations of forensic evidence in court. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Challenges:}} Ensuring clarity, accuracy, and adherence to legal standards in testimony. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Emerging Trends in Forensic Investigation}}  \tn
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{\bf{Advancements in Technology:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Utilizing new technologies to enhance forensic investigations. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Examples:}} DNA phenotyping, advanced imaging techniques, and artificial intelligence in data analysis. \tn 
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{\bf{Integration of Forensic Disciplines:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Combining expertise from various forensic disciplines to provide comprehensive analyses. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Examples:}} Collaborating between forensic pathologists, anthropologists, and digital forensic experts to solve complex cases.Examples: Collaborating between forensic pathologists, anthropologists, and digital forensic experts to solve complex cases.Examples: Collaborating between forensic pathologists, anthropologists, and digital forensic experts to solve complex cases.Examples: Collaborating between forensic pathologists, anthropologists, and digital forensic experts to solve complex cases.Examples: Collaborating between forensic pathologists, anthropologists, and digital forensic experts to solve complex cases.Examples: Collaborating between forensic pathologists, anthropologists, and digital forensic experts to solve complex cases. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Emerging Trends in Forensic Investigation (cont)}}  \tn
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{\bf{Forensic Psychology:}} & {\bf{Definition:}} Applying psychological principles to understand criminal behavior and assist in investigations. \tn 
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 & {\bf{Examples:}} Criminal profiling, competency evaluations, and assessments of mental state. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Conclusion}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Forensic investigation is a critical field that integrates scientific principles and methodologies to support the legal system} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{By understanding the various components, techniques, and challenges involved, professionals can effectively contribute to criminal justice, ensure the integrity of evidence, and aid in solving complex cases} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The evolving nature of forensic science requires continuous learning and adaptation to new technologies and methodologies} \tn 
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% That's all folks
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