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\author{qazwsxedc}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (bio-20-ib-circulatory-and-immune-system.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (qazwsxedc)
  /Subject (Bio 20 IB - Circulatory and Immune System Cheat Sheet)
}

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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Bio 20 IB - Circulatory and Immune System Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{qazwsxedc} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/169258/cs/35881/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}qazwsxedc \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/qazwsxedc} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 6th December, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.96 cm} x{5.04 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Systems}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Cardiovascular System}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Systemic Circulation - & LV(ox) -{}-\textgreater{} body tissue -{}-\textgreater{}RA (deox) \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Pulmonary Circulation - & RV (deox)-{}-\textgreater{} lungs -{}-\textgreater{}LA (ox) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Coronary Circulation- & LV (ox) -{}-\textgreater{} heart (coronary arteries) -{}-\textgreater{}? \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Lymphatic System}}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Organ & filters lymph and produces phagocytic lyphocytes(WBC) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Vessels & transport intersitial fluid(in between cells) to cardiovasular system \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Heart control}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{heat = myogenic tissue - creates its own electrical contraction,  subconscious (direct innervation)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{how the heat beats}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{1. }}blood makes {\bf{Synoatrial Node (SA node)/Pacemaker}} to activate, causing atria to contract, moving blood to ventricles} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{in top wall of atrium, generates electrical impulses} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{2.}}when ventricles fill, {\bf{Atrioventricular Node (AV node)}}relays impulses to {\bf{bundles of Him}} and {\bf{Purkinje fibres}}, causing ventricles to contract, moving blood to arteries} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{at base of atrium to delay impulse and allow ventricles to fill} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.12 cm} x{4.88 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Electrical Activity in the Heart}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\seqsplit{https://www.google.com/url?sa=i\&url=https\%3A\%2F\%2Fbiologydictionary.net\%2Fp-wave\%2F\&psig=AOvVaw2OiBJZ6EolO\_VqzH8yxTl9\&ust=1670283205835000\&source=images\&cd=vfe\&ved=0CA8QjRxqFwoTCNCwoKiQ4fsCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Electrocardigram} (EKG/ECG) & impluses of the heart picked up by electrodes on the skin \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{ECG wave or PQRST wave cycle}} -\{\{popup="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/3-s2.0-B9780128024089000041-f04-04-9780128024089.jpg."\}\}ECG pattern\{\{/popup\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
P & atria starts contraction, AV opens, SL closes \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Q & impluse from SA node to AV node is delayed, ventricles fill \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
R (Lub) & ventricular systole in apex, atrioventricular valves close \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
S & ventricular systole finishs \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
T (Dub) & ventricular diastole \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Indicators of Cardiovascular Health}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{1. Heart Rate (bpm)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- low resting heart rate   =  high cardiovasular health} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{|\_\textgreater{} indicates high stoke volume/ stonger pumps} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- short recovery time  = good} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{2. Stroke Volume (mL/beat)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- the extent that ventricles can fill (strech) and empty (strength)} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- cardiovensular exercise improve ventricular strength and volume} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{3.Cardiac Output (mL/min)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- heart rate(beats/min) x stroke volume(mL/beat)} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Indicators of Cardiovascular Health}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{1. Heart Rate (bpm)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- low resting heart rate   =  high cardiovasular health} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{|\_\textgreater{} indicates high stoke volume/ stonger pumps} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- short recovery time  = good} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{2. Stroke Volume (mL/beat)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- the extent that ventricles can fill (strech) and empty (strength)} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- cardiovensular exercise improve ventricular strength and volume} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{3.Cardiac Output (mL/min)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- heart rate(beats/min) x stroke volume(mL/beat)} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.216 cm} x{3.344 cm} x{3.04 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Blood Vessels}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{aorta, artery, arterioles, cappilaries, venuoles, veins, vena cava} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Name}} & {\bf{Structure}} & {\bf{Function}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{artery}} & thick, muscular, elastic walls & withstand high blood pressure/volume \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & narrower than veins & recoil to propel blood \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & no valves & carry blood away from heart \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{cappilaries}} & 1 cell thick (diffusion) & easy exchange w/ all tissues \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & v narrow, v branched & slows blood flow \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & has precapillary sphincter & blood plasma can leak \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{veins}} & large internal diameter,  w/ valves & lower blood flow pressure \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & not elastic/ muscular & valves prevent backflow \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & surrounded by skeletal muscle to help push blood & returns blood to heart \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \{\{popup="https://slideplayer.com/slide/6489439/22/images/24/Blood+Pressure+What+happens+to+cross-sectional+surface+area\%2C+velocity\%2C+and+pressure+as+you+move+through+the+circulatory+system.jpg"\}\}cross sectional area of blood vessels\{\{/popup\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 41 (+ 15)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.216 cm} x{3.344 cm} x{3.04 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Blood Vessels (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{- changes depending on vessel} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{- regulates local blood flow} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{high surface area (cappilares  = low speed of blood} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \{\{popup="http://..."\}\}Pulse Points\{\{/popup\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{arteries can be against bone at these points to feel blood flow} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{radial} & - wrist &  \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{caratoid} & - neck/treachea &  \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{brachial} & - bicep &  \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{femeral} & - crotch &  \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
pedal & - foot &  \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.2 cm} x{4.8 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Influences on Rhythm of Heart}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{hormones}} & - adrenalin, epinphrine, nor... \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{increases body temp}} & high bpm \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{vagus nerve}} & +blood in aorta -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} inhibitory effect (parasympatheic) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Aorta strech recoptor -{}-{}-\textgreater{} impluse to medula oblongata -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} vagus nerve -{}-{}-\textgreater{} decrease SA node activity} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{accerlerator nerve}} & +blood in vena canva -{}-{}-{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} simulating affect (sympatheric) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Vena Cava strech recoptor -{}-{}-\textgreater{} impluse to medula oblongata -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} accerator nerve -{}-{}-\textgreater{} increase SA node activity} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{high {[}CO2{]} in blood}} & pH 7.35-7.45 \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{CO2 +H2O -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} H2CO3 -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} H\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{}+HCO3\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Chemical stimuli}}} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
+CO & + heart speed \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
+O2 & - heart speed \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
nicotine, alcohol, caffeine & +heart speed \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Blood Pressure}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Factors}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
(1) Contraction of ventricles & +mL/min = +b.p. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{(2) Elasticity of atrerial walls} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
(3) Ateriole Resistance & - diameter -{}-{}-\textgreater{} +resistance -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} +b.p. \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
(4) Smooth muscles in arteries controlled by: & nerves(medulla oblongata), hormones, +CO2, +lactic acid \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
(5) Blood volume & - blood volume = - b.p. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Regulation}} & - vasomotor center (unconsious) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{high b.p. -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} aorta/cartoid arteries strech receptors -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} vasomotor center(medulla oblongata) -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{}increse arteriole diameter -{}-{}-\textgreater{} low b.p.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- high b.p can cause blood vessels to rupture} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Measure}}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- uses sphygmomanometer to cut off blood flow in brachial artery ( x/y )} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- x = systolic, sound heard, max pressure during ventricular contraction} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- y = diastolic, sound disappear, min pressure during ventriular relaxation} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{ave: 120/80mmHg} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Hypertension}}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{140/90mmHg +} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
factors responsible: & obesity (+capppilaries to service extra fatty tissue), Stress (arteries contract), +salt(kidneys) \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Blood Pressure (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{consequences:} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
Treatment: & increase urine (-salt, diuretic drugs), drud that dialate arteriole, blood thinnners \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Blood Pressure}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Factors}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
(1) Contraction of ventricles & +mL/min = +b.p. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{(2) Elasticity of atrerial walls} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
(3) Ateriole Resistance & - diameter -{}-{}-\textgreater{} +resistance -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} +b.p. \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
(4) Smooth muscles in arteries controlled by: & nerves(medulla oblongata), hormones, +CO2, +lactic acid \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
(5) Blood volume & - blood volume = - b.p. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Regulation}} & - vasomotor center (unconsious) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{high b.p. -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} aorta/cartoid arteries strech receptors -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} vasomotor center(medulla oblongata) -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{}increse arteriole diameter -{}-{}-\textgreater{} low b.p.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- high b.p can cause blood vessels to rupture} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Measure}}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- uses sphygmomanometer to cut off blood flow in brachial artery ( x/y )} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- x = systolic, sound heard, max pressure during ventricular contraction} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- y = diastolic, sound disappear, min pressure during ventriular relaxation} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{ave: 120/80mmHg} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Hypertension}}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{140/90mmHg +} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
factors responsible: & obesity (+capppilaries to service extra fatty tissue), Stress (arteries contract), +salt(kidneys) \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Blood Pressure (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{consequences:} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
Treatment: & increase urine (-salt, diuretic drugs), drud that dialate arteriole, blood thinnners \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Blood Pressure}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Factors}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
(1) Contraction of ventricles & +mL/min = +b.p. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{(2) Elasticity of atrerial walls} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
(3) Ateriole Resistance & - diameter -{}-{}-\textgreater{} +resistance -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} +b.p. \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
(4) Smooth muscles in arteries controlled by: & nerves(medulla oblongata), hormones, +CO2, +lactic acid \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
(5) Blood volume & - blood volume = - b.p. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Regulation}} & - vasomotor center (unconsious) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{high b.p. -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} aorta/cartoid arteries strech receptors -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{} vasomotor center(medulla oblongata) -{}-{}-{}-\textgreater{}increse arteriole diameter -{}-{}-\textgreater{} low b.p.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- high b.p can cause blood vessels to rupture} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Measure}}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- uses sphygmomanometer to cut off blood flow in brachial artery ( x/y )} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- x = systolic, sound heard, max pressure during ventricular contraction} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{- y = diastolic, sound disappear, min pressure during ventriular relaxation} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{ave: 120/80mmHg} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Hypertension}}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{140/90mmHg +} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
factors responsible: & obesity (+capppilaries to service extra fatty tissue), Stress (arteries contract), +salt(kidneys) \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Blood Pressure (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{consequences:} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
Treatment: & increase urine (-salt, diuretic drugs), drud that dialate arteriole, blood thinnners \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.72 cm} x{5.28 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Components of Blood}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Plasma}} & - suspend blood cells \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & - CO2 dissolves, forms carbonic acid in rbc cytoplasm, out of rbc as bicarbonate ions, to the lungs \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Red blood cells}} & - erythocyte, de-nucleated, contain hemoglobin \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & - O + CO2 transport \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & largest \% \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{White blood cells}} & -leukocyte, colourless,w/nucluei, increase when fighting infection \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & -{}-granulocytes: engluf and destroy foreign bodies, Largest \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & -{}-monocytes: \textasciicircum{}|, also leaves blood stream to destroy macrophages \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & -{}-lyphocytes: include B+T cells, formation of antibodies \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Platlets}} & - thrombocytes, no nueclus bc fragment of larger cell from bone marrow, smallest \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & - key role in cloting: \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{thrombus}}- clot that seals blood vessel \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{embolus}}- clot that dislodges+ carries through cu= \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}