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% Document Info
\author{prinsam98}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (foundation-of-cognition.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (prinsam98)
  /Subject (Foundation of Cognition Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Foundation of Cognition Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{prinsam98} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/150950/cs/32877/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}prinsam98 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/prinsam98} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 28th June, 2022.\\
   Updated 28th June, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Role of Occupational Therapy in Cognition}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Occupational therapists focus on {\bf{functional cognition}} or cognition that is necessary within the scope of {\bf{performing his/her roles}}, daily occupations {\bf{within the contexts}} performed.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Functional Cognition}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{The interaction of cognitive skills, self-care, and community living skills.}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Refers to the thinking and processing skills needed to accomplish complex everyday tasks.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{What are Cognitive Skills?}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Foundational abilities that make up how we assess functional cognition:}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- Attention} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- Memory} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- Problem Solving} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- Decision making} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- Judgement} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- Executive Function \& Abstract Reasoning} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cognitive Skill Hierarchy}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Attention}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Important for learning and the first step in forming memories} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Without attention memories cannot be formed} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Affected by level of consciousness, arousal, awareness, and motivation} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Definition for image above}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Sustained}} & Ability to focus on one specific task for a continuous amount of time without being distracted \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
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{\bf{Selective}} & Ability to select from many factors or stimuli and to focus on only the one that you want while filtering out other distractions (attention to details) \tn 
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{\bf{Alternating}} & Ability to switch your focus back and forth between task that require cognitive demand \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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{\bf{Divided}} & Ability to process two or more responses or react to two or more different demands simultaneously (multi-tasking) \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
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{\bf{Explicit Memory (declarative memory)}} & {\bf{Implicit Memory (procedural memory)}} \tn 
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Retention and retrieval of facts, event, or steps to complete a task & Learned through movement or perception \tn 
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Prospective Memory ability to remember to follow-up and anticipate upcoming events, dates, deadlines, etc. & "It's like riding a bike!" \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 6)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\emph{Explicit memory is more notably affected by neurological changes \newline }}Ability to use or access implicit memory for learning can be affected due to perceptual and motor disorders as a result of the neurological changes}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Three Main Functions:}}} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\seqsplit{Restraint} & Includes judgement, foresight, delay of gratification, inhibiting inappropriate behavior, and self-governance \tn 
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\seqsplit{Initiative} & Includes curiosity, drive, creativity, mental flexibility, and personality \tn 
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Order & Includes planning, abstract reasoning, working memory, sequencing, and organization \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Frontal Cortex and Cognition (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Reasoning}} involves logical thinking to understand and formulate judgements based on all available information} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Restraint, initiative and order are required for {\bf{executive function}}} \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{ Prefrontal Cortex:}} Recall long-term memories, planning, and hypothesis generation; supports working memory (attention) by storing information a brief time before getting stored to long-term memory} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Executive Function}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Encompasses a set of interrelated cognitive abilities that are critical to control coordination, and regulation of thoughts, emotions, and goal-directed actions (cognitive control)} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Important for adaptive responses to novel, unfamiliar, unpredictable, or unstructured situations (skill acquisition, learning, task challenges, adjusting to change or coping with the unexpected)} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Inhibition}}} \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Cognitive Flexibility/Shifting Set}}} \tn 
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% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Working Memory/Planning/Organization}}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Executive Control}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Multiple Networks} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Highly Distributed} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Metacognition}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Dynamic Interaction Model (DIM)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\emph{Promote strategies for self-monitoring and self-evaluation of occupational performance}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Must have the capacity for:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- Information processing (organize and assimilate new information)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- Adaptation (using previously acquired information to plan, monitor, structure, and evaluate behavior for reaching goals)} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{- Generalization (apply what had been learned to a variety of different situations)} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
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