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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
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\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
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% Document Info
\author{NOHOPE4DAKIDZ}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (biochem-exam-1.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (NOHOPE4DAKIDZ)
  /Subject (Biochem Exam\#1 Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Biochem Exam\#1 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{NOHOPE4DAKIDZ} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/214420/cs/46673/}}}
\end{tabulary}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}NOHOPE4DAKIDZ \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/nohope4dakidz} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 30th June, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Domains of Life}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Bacteria & Archaea & Eukarya \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Cell type: Prokaryotic & Cell type: Prokaryotic & Cell type: Eukaryotic \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Structure: No nucleus; circular DNA in a nucleoid & Structure: Similar to bacteria but with unique membrane lipids and genes more closely related to eukaryotes & Structure: True nucleus and \seqsplit{membrane-bound} organelles \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 9)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Habitat: Soil, water, inside living/dead organisms & Habitat: Extreme environments (hot springs, salt lakes, deep sea vents) & Organisms: Animals, plants, fungi, and protists \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Examples: E. coli, \seqsplit{Streptococcus} & Examples: Methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles & Examples: Humans, yeast, algae \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 4)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chemical Composition of a Typical Cell}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Major Components by Mass: \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
Water (\textasciitilde{}70\%): Main solvent; critical for biochemical reactions and molecular movement. \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
Proteins (\textasciitilde{}15\%): Enzymes, structural support, signaling. Made of amino acids. \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
Nucleic Acids (\textasciitilde{}7\%): DNA (genetic material) and RNA (protein synthesis). \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
Lipids (\textasciitilde{}2\%): Membranes (phospholipids), energy storage (triglycerides), signaling (steroids). \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
Polysaccharides (\textasciitilde{}3\%): Energy (glycogen, starch) and structural (cellulose in plants). \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
Ions \& Small Molecules (\textasciitilde{}1\%): Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, Ca$^{\textrm{2}}$⁺, metabolites, vitamins, cofactors. \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 2)
By Elemental Composition (by \% of total atoms): \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
Hydrogen (H) – \textasciitilde{}63\% \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
Oxygen (O) – \textasciitilde{}25.5\% \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 1)
Carbon (C) – \textasciitilde{}9.5\% \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 1)
Nitrogen (N) – \textasciitilde{}1.4\% \newline % Row Count 18 (+ 1)
Trace: Phosphorus (P), Sulfur (S), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Chlorine (Cl), Iron (Fe), etc.% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{CHONPS = Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur — the 6 essential elements in biomolecules.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.89586 cm} x{4.08114 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cytosol vs. Cytoplasm}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\seqsplit{Cytoplasm} & The entire contents within the cell membrane, excluding the nucleus (in eukaryotes). Includes the cytosol and organelles. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Cytosol} & The fluid portion of the cytoplasm. Aqueous, gel-like solution where many metabolic reactions occur. Does not include organelles. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Cytoplasm = Cytosol + Organelles (excluding the nucleus)}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.84609 cm} x{4.13091 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nucleoid vs. Nucleus}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\seqsplit{Nucleoid} & A region in prokaryotic cells where the circular DNA (chromosome) is located. It is not surrounded by a membrane. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
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\seqsplit{Nucleus} & A membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains linear chromosomes (DNA) and controls gene expression. \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Nucleus = membrane-bound \newline Nucleoid = no membrane}  \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Most Abundant Elements in Living Organisms}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{CHON — make up \textasciitilde{}96\% of living matter:} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{C = Carbon} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{H = Hydrogen} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{O = Oxygen} \tn 
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% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{N = Nitrogen} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Living organisms are primarily composed of four elements—carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (CHON)—because they form stable, versatile bonds necessary for complex biological molecules. Carbon is central to life's chemistry due to its unique ability to form diverse and stable molecular structures essential for metabolism, growth, and reproduction.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.37841 cm} p{0.50124 cm} x{1.33664 cm} x{0.96071 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Trophic Classifications (Energy \& Carbon Sources)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Energy Source &  & Carbon Source &  \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Phototroph: Light (e.g., plants, algae) &  & Autotroph: CO₂ → organic compounds (e.g., plants, \seqsplit{chemoautotrophic} bacteria) &  \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 7)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Chemotroph: Chemicals (e.g., animals, some bacteria) &  & \seqsplit{Heterotroph:} Organic carbon from other organisms (e.g., animals, fungi) &  \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Type & \seqsplit{Energy} \seqsplit{Source} & Carbon Source & Examples \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 4)
% Row 4
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\seqsplit{Photoautotroph} & Light & CO₂ & Plants, \seqsplit{cyanobacteria} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Photoheterotroph} & Light & Organic & Some protists, bacteria \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Chemoautotroph} & \seqsplit{Inorganic} chem. & CO₂ & \seqsplit{Nitrifying}, sulfur bacteria \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Chemoheterotroph} & \seqsplit{Organic} chem. & Organic & Animals, fungi, many bacteria \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}