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\author{NescafeAbusive32 (nescafeabusive32)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (gr-12-organic-chemistry.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (NescafeAbusive32 (nescafeabusive32))
  /Subject (Gr. 12 Organic Chemistry Cheat Sheet)
}

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        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Gr. 12 Organic Chemistry Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{NescafeAbusive32 (nescafeabusive32)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/53385/cs/14402/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}NescafeAbusive32 (nescafeabusive32) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/nescafeabusive32} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 23rd January, 2018.\\
   Updated 29th December, 2018.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-info-circle\}\} Introduction}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The term {\emph{organic}} generally means {\bf{"something made from the earth"}} or {\bf{"not chemically synthesized."}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Organic chemistry}} refers to the {\bf{study of compounds that contain carbon atoms as the principal element.}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The {\bf{simplest organic compounds}} are {\bf{{\emph{hydrocarbons}}}} made from C and H atoms} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Despite the term {\emph{organic}} generally meaning "natural," organic compounds {\bf{can in fact be chemically synthesized}} (first synthesized organic compound was {\bf{urea}} - found in mammal urine)} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Carbon has a {\bf{bonding capacity of 4}} so each C atom must {\bf{always make 4 bonds}} within a compound} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9954 cm} x{3.9816 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-pencil\}\} General Nomenclature}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}Usual follows order {\bf{prefix + root + suffix}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Prefix}} & \{\{ar\}\}Indicates {\emph{name/multiplying prefixes/position of branches}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Root}} & \{\{ar\}\}Indicates {\emph{number of carbons in the parent chain}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Suffix}} & \{\{ar\}\}Indicates the parent chain's {\emph{functional group}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.10542 cm} x{1.00694 cm} x{1.46464 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-font\}\} Root Name/Branch Prefixes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Number of C atoms / branches}} & {\bf{Root prefix}} & {\bf{Multiplying prefix}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
1 & {\emph{meth}}- & {\emph{mono}}- \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
2 & {\emph{eth}}- & {\emph{di}}- \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
3 & {\emph{prop}}- & {\emph{tri}}- \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
4 & {\emph{but}}- & {\emph{tetra}}- \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
5 & {\emph{pent}}- & {\emph{penta}}- \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
6 & {\emph{hex}}- & {\emph{hexa}}- \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
7 & {\emph{hep}}- & {\emph{hepta}}- \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
8 & {\emph{oct}}- & {\emph{octa}}- \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
9 & {\emph{non}}- & {\emph{nona}}- \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
10 & {\emph{dec}}- & {\emph{deca}}- \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Special nomenclature prefixes:}} See {\emph{Importance of Functional Groups}}, {\emph{Haloalkyl/Other Functional Groups}}, and {\emph{Special Alkyl Branches}} \newline  \newline All prefixes are listed in alpha order when writing the name of an organic compound, except for {\bf{{\emph{cyclo}}-}} and {\bf{{\emph{iso}}-}}.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.46464 cm} x{1.55618 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-list-ol\}\} Importance of Functional Groups}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Functional Group}} & {\bf{Suffix if Highest Precedence}}\{\{nl\}\} & {\bf{Prefix if Lower Precedence}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carboxylic-acid.svg/1200px-Carboxylic-acid.svg.png"\}\}RC(=O)OH\{\{/popup\}\} (carboxylic acid) & -{\emph{oic acid}} \textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{} & {\emph{carboxy}}- \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 12)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ester-general.svg/1200px-Ester-general.svg.png"\}\}RC(=O)OR'\{\{/popup\}\} (ester) & {[}branch{]}\textasciicircum{}1\textasciicircum{}-{\emph{yl}} {[}root{]}\textasciicircum{}1\textasciicircum{}-{\emph{oate}} & {\emph{alkoxycarbonyl}}- \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 11)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Amide-\%28primary\%29-skeletal.png/220px-Amide-\%28primary\%29-skeletal.png"\}\}RC(=O)ON(R')R"\{\{/popup\}\} (amide) & -{\emph{amide}} & {\emph{carbamoyl}}- \tn 
% Row Count 41 (+ 14)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.46464 cm} x{1.55618 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-list-ol\}\} Importance of Functional Groups (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Nitrile-group-2D.png"\}\}RC≡N\{\{/popup\}\} (nitrile) & -{\emph{nitrile}} & {\emph{cyano}}- \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Aldehyd\_-\_Aldehyde.svg/1200px-Aldehyd\_-\_Aldehyde.svg.png"\}\}RC=O\{\{/popup\}\} (aldehyde) & -{\emph{al}} \textasciicircum{}3\textasciicircum{} & {\emph{oxo}}-\textasciicircum{}3\textasciicircum{} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 12)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ketone-group-2D-skeletal.svg/1200px-Ketone-group-2D-skeletal.svg.png"\}\}RC(=O)R'\{\{/popup\}\} (ketone) & -{\emph{one}} & {\emph{oxo}}- \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 13)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.46464 cm} x{1.55618 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-list-ol\}\} Importance of Functional Groups (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Alcohol-\%28general\%29-skeletal.png"\}\}R(OH)R'\{\{/popup\}\} (alcohol) & -{\emph{ol}} & {\emph{hydroxy}}- \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Amino-group-tertiary-2D-flat.png/593px-Amino-group-tertiary-2D-flat.png"\}\}R(N(R')R")R'"\{\{/popup\}\} (amine) & -{\emph{amine}} & {\emph{amino}}- \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 14)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="http://www.ochempal.org/wp-content/images/A/alkene1.png"\}\}RC=CR'\{\{/popup\}\} (alkene) & -{\emph{ene}} \textasciicircum{}4\textasciicircum{} & Always used as a suffix \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.46464 cm} x{1.55618 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-list-ol\}\} Importance of Functional Groups (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Alkyne-2D-flat.png"\}\}RC≡CR'\{\{/popup\}\} (alkyne) & -{\emph{yne}} \textasciicircum{}4\textasciicircum{} & Always used as a suffix \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/2\%2C2\%2C4-Trimethylpentane.svg/2000px-2\%2C2\%2C4-Trimethylpentane.svg.png"\}\}RCCR'\{\{/popup\}\} (alkane) & -{\emph{ane}} & Always used as a suffix \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 13)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
R(X)R' & Always used as a prefix & See {\emph{Haloalkyls/Other Functional Groups}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\textasciicircum{}{[}1{]}\textasciicircum{}{[}branch{]} and {[}root{]} refer to the length of the carbon group's prefix ({\emph{meth}}-, {\emph{eth}}-, {\emph{prop}}-, etc.) \newline \textasciicircum{}{[}2{]}\textasciicircum{}If the carbon in the RCOOH group is not the parent chain, the highest precedence suffix is -{\emph{carboxylic acid}} \newline \textasciicircum{}{[}3{]}\textasciicircum{}If the carbon in the RCO group is not the parent chain, the highest precedence suffix is -{\emph{carbaldehyde}}, and the alternate prefix is {\emph{formyl}}- \newline \textasciicircum{}{[}4{]}\textasciicircum{}If a compound is both an alkene and an alkyne, both -{\emph{ene}} and -{\emph{yne}} are used}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{3.33459 cm} x{1.64241 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-list-ul\}\} Haloalkyls/Other Functional Groups}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Functional Group}} & {\bf{Prefix}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ether-\%28general\%29.png/1200px-Ether-\%28general\%29.png"\}\}R-O-R'\{\{/popup\}\} (ether)\textasciicircum{}1\textasciicircum{} & {[}branch{]}-{\emph{oxy}}- \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://s3mn.mnimgs.com/img/shared/content\_ck\_images/images/cyclo(1).png"\}\}R-C-R\{\{/popup\}\} (cycloalkyls) & {\emph{cyclo}}- \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Fluoro-group.png"\}\}R-F\{\{/popup\}\} & {\emph{fluoro}}- \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bromo-group.png"\}\}R-Br\{\{/popup\}\} & {\emph{bromo}}- \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://fthmb.tqn.com/BJDovWk\_zeT5yYCtHA8DAFhtRFI=/768x0/filters:no\_upscale()/chlorofunctionalgroup-58b5e14b5f9b586046f68ff7.jpg"\}\}R-Cl\{\{/popup\}\} & {\emph{chloro}}- \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 6)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://fthmb.tqn.com/tEqrXyuwJxvR6IVLAcSW4njCO0Q=/768x0/filters:no\_upscale()/iodofunctionalgroup-58b5e1103df78cdcd8e69bfd.jpg"\}\}R-I\{\{/popup\}\} & {\emph{iodo}}- \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{3.33459 cm} x{1.64241 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-list-ul\}\} Haloalkyls/Other Functional Groups (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Nitro-group-canonicals-2D.png"\}\}R-NO`2`\{\{/popup\}\} & {\emph{nitro}}- \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/O-xylol.png"\}\}1,2-{[}branch(es){]}\{\{/popup\}\}\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{} & {\emph{ortho}}-{[}branch(es){]} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Meta-Xylol\_-\_meta-xylene\_2.svg/746px-Meta-Xylol\_-\_meta-xylene\_2.svg.png"\}\}1,3-{[}branch(es){]}\{\{/popup\}\}\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{} & {\emph{meta}}-{[}branch(es){]} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 7)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Para-Xylol\_-\_para-xylene.svg/1280px-Para-Xylol\_-\_para-xylene.svg.png"\}\}1,4-{[}branch(es){]}\{\{/popup\}\}\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{} & {\emph{para}}-{[}branch(es){]} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\textasciicircum{}{[}1{]}\textasciicircum{}Ethers take precedence in prefixes over all other prefixes, except the branches attached to the ether group \newline \textasciicircum{}{[}2{]}\textasciicircum{}Applies {\bf{only}} to benzene ring branches}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-bold\}\} Special Alkyl Branches}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Propyl}} & {\bf{Butyl}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/N-propyl\_group.svg/2000px-N-propyl\_group.svg.png"\}\}n-propyl\{\{/popup\}\} (normal) & \{\{popup="https://fthmb.tqn.com/Yl0xQx1sU8KRD-KIGJpmH11pGNI=/735x0/n-butyl-56a12e323df78cf772683036.png"\}\}n-butyl\{\{/popup\}\} (normal) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{popup="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Isopropyl\_group.svg/300px-Isopropyl\_group.svg.png"\}\}isopropyl\{\{/popup\}\} (y-shape) & \{\{popup="https://fthmb.tqn.com/NyJSYfjNxQI-39-tbrsiimbF3TE=/768x0/filters:no\_upscale()/isobutyl-56a12e333df78cf77268303b.png"\}\}isobutyl\{\{/popup\}\} (y-shape) \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 8)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \{\{popup="https://qph.ec.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-02ae2125d0c763d34bd89666ea57efd3"\}\}sec-butyl\{\{/popup\}\} (2\textasciicircum{}`nd`\textasciicircum{} C) \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \{\{popup="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Tert-Butyl-Skeletal-SVG.svg/1200px-Tert-Butyl-Skeletal-SVG.svg.png"\}\}tert-butyl\{\{/popup\}\} (t-shape) \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 9)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-angle-up\}\} Alkanes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}Contain {\bf{only single bonds}} between C atoms} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{General chemical formula}} & \{\{ar\}\}C`n`H`2n+2` (n = whole number) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Odour}} & \{\{ar\}\}Odourless \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Polarity}} & \{\{ar\}\}Non-polar (only C-H bonds) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Solubility in water}} & \{\{ar\}\}Slightly soluble \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Boiling/melting point}} & \{\{ar\}\}Depends on length of parent C chain (more C = \{\{fa-arrow-up\}\} BP, less C = \{\{fa-arrow-down\}\} BP) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-angle-double-up\}\} Alkenes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}Contain {\bf{at least one double bond}} between C atoms} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{General chemical formula}} & \{\{ar\}\}C`n`H`2n` (n = whole number) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Odour}} & \{\{ar\}\}Almost odourless \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Polarity}} & \{\{ar\}\}Non-polar (only C-H bonds) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Solubility in water}} & \{\{ar\}\}Slightly soluble \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Boiling/melting point}} & \{\{ar\}\}Depends on length of parent C chain (more C = \{\{fa-arrow-up\}\} BP, less C = \{\{fa-arrow-down\}\} BP) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-angle-double-up\}\} Alkynes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}Contain {\bf{at least one triple bond}} between C atoms} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{General chemical formula}} & \{\{ar\}\}C`n`H`2n-2` (n = whole number) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Odour}} & \{\{ar\}\}Almost odourless \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Polarity}} & \{\{ar\}\}Non-polar (only C-H bonds) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Solubility in water}} & \{\{ar\}\}Slightly soluble \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Boiling/melting point}} & \{\{ar\}\}Depends on length of parent C chain (more C = \{\{fa-arrow-up\}\} BP, less C = \{\{fa-arrow-down\}\} BP) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-cog\}\} Cycloalkyl}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}Alkane/alkene/alkyne where the C atoms are joined in a {\bf{ring shape}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{General chemical formula}} & \{\{ar\}\}C`2`H`2n` (cycloalkane)\{\{nl\}\}C`2`H`2n-2` (cycloalkene)\{\{nl\}\}C`2`H`2n-4` (cycloalkyne)\{\{nl\}\}{\emph{(n = whole number)}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Odour}} & \{\{ar\}\}Odourless/almost odourless \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Polarity}} & \{\{ar\}\}Non-polar (only C-H bonds) \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Solubility in water}} & \{\{ar\}\}Slightly soluble \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Boiling/melting point}} & \{\{ar\}\}Depends on length of parent C chain (more C = \{\{fa-arrow-up\}\} BP, less C = \{\{fa-arrow-down\}\} BP) \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-glass\}\} Alcohols}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Any compound that contains a {\bf{hydroxyl (R(-OH)-R')}} group} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{General chemical formula}} & \{\{ar\}\}C`n`H`2n-1`OH (n = whole number) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Odour}} & \{\{ar\}\}Slightly pungent \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Polarity}} & \{\{ar\}\}Polar (between O-H bonds); longer C chains decrease in polarity \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Solubility in water}} & \{\{ar\}\}Very soluble; longer C chains decrease solubility \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Boiling/melting point}} & \{\{ar\}\}Depends on length of parent C chain (more C = \{\{fa-arrow-up\}\} BP, less C = \{\{fa-arrow-down\}\} BP) \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-bug\}\} Aldehydes/Ketones}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Any compound that contains a {\bf{carbonyl (R-C(=O)-R')}} group} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Aldehydes have the carbonyl group {\bf{at the first and/or last C atom}} of the molecule} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}Ketones have the carbonyl group {\bf{in the middle C atom(s)}} of the molecule} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{General chemical formula}} & \{\{ar\}\}C`n`H`2n`O (n = whole number) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Odour}} & \{\{ar\}\}Pungent (aldehyde)\{\{nl\}\}Sweet (ketone) \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Polarity}} & \{\{ar\}\}Polar (between C=O bonds); longer C chains decrease polarity \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Solubility in water}} & \{\{ar\}\}Very soluble; longer C chains decrease solubility \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Boiling/melting point}} & \{\{ar\}\}Very high, increases with length of parent C chain (more C = \{\{fa-arrow-up\}\} BP, less C = \{\{fa-arrow-down\}\} BP) \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-tint\}\} Carboxylic Acids/Esters}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Any compound that contains a {\bf{carboxyl (R-C(=O)-O-R')}} group} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Carboxylic acids have the carboxyl group {\bf{at the first and/or last C atom}} of the molecule} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}Esters have the carboxyl group {\bf{in the middle C atom(s)}} of the molecule} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{General chemical formula}} & \{\{ar\}\}C`n`H`2n`COOH (n = whole number) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Odour}} & \{\{ar\}\}Unpleasant (carboxylic acid)\{\{nl\}\}Pleasant (ester) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Polarity}} & \{\{ar\}\}Polar (between C=O bonds); longer C chains decrease polarity \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Solubility in water}} & \{\{ar\}\}Very soluble; longer C chains decrease solubility \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Boiling/melting point}} & \{\{ar\}\}Very high, increases with length of parent C chain (more C = \{\{fa-arrow-up\}\} BP, less C = \{\{fa-arrow-down\}\} BP) \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-heart\}\} Ethers}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}Any compound that contains an {\bf{alkoxy (R-O-R')}} group} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{General chemical formula}} & \{\{ar\}\}C`n`H`2n+2`O (n = whole number) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Odour}} & \{\{ar\}\}Slightly pungent \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Polarity}} & \{\{ar\}\}Polar (between C-O bonds); longer C chains decrease polarity \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Solubility in water}} & \{\{ar\}\}Very soluble; longer C chains decrease solubility \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Boiling/melting point}} & \{\{ar\}\}Depends on length of parent C chain (more C = \{\{fa-arrow-up\}\} BP, less C = \{\{fa-arrow-down\}\} BP) \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-code-fork\}\} Amines/Amides}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Any compound that contains a {\bf{N atom}} in a {\bf{carboxyl}} or {\bf{carbonyl}} group} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Amines have N atoms in a {\bf{carbonyl group(s) (R-C(-N(-R')-R")-R'")}}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}Amides have N atoms in a {\bf{carboxyl group(s) (R-C(=O)-N(-R')-R")}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{General chemical formula}} & \{\{ar\}\}C`n`H`2n-1`NO (n = whole number) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Polarity}} & \{\{ar\}\}Polar (between C=O, C-O and C-N bonds); longer C chains decrease polarity \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Solubility in water}} & \{\{ar\}\}Very soluble; longer C chains decrease solubility \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{State @ SATP}} & \{\{ar\}\}Depends on length of parent C chain (more C = more solid, less C = more gas) \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.28942 cm} x{2.68758 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-expand\}\} Intermolecular Forces (IMFs)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Forces that occur {\bf{between}} molecules} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Influence the {\bf{physical properties}} of a substance} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Weaker}} than {\bf{{\emph{intra}}molecular forces}} (forces {\emph{within}} molecules)} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bb\}\}{\bf{3 main types:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{London Dispersion Forces (LDF)}} & {\bf{Very weak}} forces that {\bf{exist in all atoms/molecules}} caused by {\bf{temporary charges}} due to e¯ shifts; become {\bf{stronger with more e¯}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 7)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Dipole- Dipole}} & Attraction between {\bf{opposite charges}} of {\bf{polar molecules}};\{\{nl\}\}main reason for difference in melting/boiling points \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 6)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Hydrogen bonding}} & Strong dipole-dipole forces with {\bf{H atoms covalently bonded}} with an {\bf{N}}, {\bf{O}} or {\bf{F}} atom \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 5)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\} Strength of forces: (weakest) LDF \{\{fa-arrow-right\}\} Dipole-dipole \{\{fa-arrow-right\}\} H-bonding (strongest)} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.09034 cm} x{2.88666 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-fire\}\} Combustion Reactions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{All hydrocarbons}} burn with {\bf{oxygen gas}} \seqsplit{(alkanes/alkenes/alkynes/alcohols)}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Combustion of hydrocarbon}} & C`x`H`y` + O`2` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} CO`2` + H`2`O \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Combustion of alcohol}} & C`x`H`y`OH + O`2` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} CO`2` + H`2`O \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-times-circle\}\} Elimination Reactions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Take away {\bf{2 atoms}} to form {\bf{double bond}} or {\bf{H`2`O}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Also called {\bf{condensation/dehydration}} reactions} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Elimination of haloalkyl}} & C`x`H`y`X`z` + {[}strong base{]} \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y-1` + {[}halogen (X) salt{]} + H`2`O \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Elimination of alcohol}} & C`x`H`y`OH \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} {[}conc acid{]} \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y-1` + H`2`O \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.18988 cm} x{2.78712 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-refresh\}\} Substitution Reactions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Replace}} one atom with another} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Substitution reaction}} & C`x`H`y` + X`2` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}{[}heat/pressure{]}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y-1`X + HX \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Benzene rings}}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}Benzene does not have true double bonds, so {\bf{only substitution reactions}} can be performed} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Benzene substitution}} & C`6`H`6` + X`2` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`6`H`5`X + HX \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Benzene halide substitution}} & C`6`H`5`X + X`2`\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`6`H`4`X`2` + HX \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Halogen in benzene halide reactions forms product {\bf{meta position only}} (1,3-{[}X{]}benzene)} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69218 cm} x{3.28482 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-plus-circle\}\} Addition Reactions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Add atoms}} across double/triple bond} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Alkenes/alkynes are {\bf{nucleophiles}} (they like to give up e\textasciicircum{}\_\textasciicircum{})} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Hydrohalogenation}} & C`x`H`y` + HX \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y+1`X \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Halogenation}} & C`x`H`y` + X`2` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y`X`2` \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Hydrogenation}} & C`x`H`y` + H`2` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y+2` \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Hydration}} & C`x`H`y` + H`2`O \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}\{\{nl\}\} C`x`H`y+1`OH \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Markovnikov's Rule: "the rich get richer"}}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}The H atom of water/hydrogen gas/hydrogen halide {\bf{will always bond}} with the C atom that {\bf{already had more H atoms}} bonded to it in an addition reaction} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-hourglass-half\}\} Redox Reactions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Oxidation}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}C atoms will form {\bf{more bonds to O atoms}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Occurs when an organic compound reacts with an {\bf{oxidizing agent}} (usually KMnO`4`/K`2`Cr`2`O`7`)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Oxidation of primary alcohol}} & C`x`H`y`OH \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}{[}O{]}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y-1`O ({\bf{aldehyde}}) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Oxidation of secondary alcohol}} & C`x`H`y`OH \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}{[}O{]}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y-1`O ({\bf{ketone}}) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Oxidation of tertiary alcohol}} & C`x`H`y`OH \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}{[}O{]}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} {\bf{NO RXN}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Oxidation of aldehyde}} & C`x`H`y`O + H`2`O \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}{[}O{]}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y-1`OH + H`2` ({\bf{carboxylic acid}}) \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 6)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Reduction}}} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}C atoms will form {\bf{fewer bonds to O atoms}}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Occurs when an organic compound reacts with an {\bf{reducing agent}} (usually H`2`/LiAlH`4`)} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Hydrogenation (reduction of aldehyde)}} & C`x`H`y`O + H`2` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}{[}H{]}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y+1`OH ({\bf{primary alcohol}}) \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-hourglass-half\}\} Redox Reactions (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Hydrogenation (reduction of ketone)}} & C`x`H`y`O + H`2` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}{[}H{]}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y+1`OH ({\bf{secondary alcohol}}) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.84149 cm} x{3.13551 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-arrows-h\}\}Esterification/Hydrolysis of Esters}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Esterification}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Condensation reaction}} (forms H`2`O)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Catalyzed by {\bf{concentrated H`2`SO`4`}} and {\bf{high heat}}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Esterification}} & C`x`H`y`COOH + C`x`H`y`OH \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}{[}H`2`SO`4`{]}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`2x`H`2y`CO`2` + H`2`O \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Hydrolysis of Esters}}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Reverse reaction}} to esterification} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Hydro}} = water, {\emph{lysis}} = break} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Hydrolysis of ester}} & C`2x`H`2y`CO`2` + H`2`O \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}{[}H`2`SO`4`{]}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y`COOH + C`x`H`y`OH \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Remember:}} Ester is a party girl; she drank some {\bf{alcohol}} and did some {\bf{acid}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.84149 cm} x{3.13551 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-arrows-h\}\} Synthesis/Hydrolysis of Amides}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Synthesis of Amides}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Condensation reaction}} (forms H`2`O)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Synthesis of amide}} & C`x`H`y`COOH (carboxylic acid) + C`x`H`y`NH`2` ({\bf{amine}}) \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y`ONH`2` ({\bf{amide}}) + H`2`O \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Hydrolysis of Amides}}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Reverse reaction}} to synthesis} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Hydrolysis of amide}} & C`x`H`y`ONH`2` ({\bf{amide}}) + H`2`O \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y`COOH (carboxylic acid) + C`x`H`y`NH`2` ({\bf{amine}}) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.23965 cm} x{2.73735 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-gavel\}\} Synthesis of Amines}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Amines can be made from {\bf{haloalkyls}} using {\bf{ammonia}} as a starting reactant} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Synthesis of primary amines}} & C`x`H`x`X + NH`3` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`x`H`y`NH`2` + HX \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Synthesis of secondary amines}} & C`x`H`x`X +  C`x`H`y`NH`2` \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`2x`H`2y`NH + HX \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Synthesis of tertiary amines}} & C`x`H`x`X + C`2x`H`2y`NH \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} C`3x`H`3y`N + HX \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-link\}\} Polymers}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Large molecules}} that are composed of {\bf{many repeated subunits}} called {\bf{monomers}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Created through {\bf{polymerization}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Examples include {\bf{plastics}}, {\bf{DNA}}, and {\bf{proteins}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Unique physical properties - {\bf{checmically unreactive}}, {\bf{flexible}}/{\bf{mouldable}}/{\bf{stretchable}}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Polymerization}} (addition - chain reaction of alkene) & C`x`H`y` + C`x`H`y`+ C`x`H`y`+ ... \{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} {[}C`x`H`y`{]}`n` \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Polymerization}} (condensation with alcohol - polyester) & HOC`x`H`y`OH + HOOCC`x`H`y`COOH + ...\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} {[}O`2`CC`x`H`y`O`2`C`x`H`y`O`2`{]}`n` \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Polymerization}} (condensation with alcohol - polyamide) & H`2`NC`x`H`y`NH`2` + HOOCC`x`H`y`COOH + ...\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\} {[}NOCC`x`H`y`O`2`C`x`H`y`ON{]}`n` \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Polymerization (condensation)}} need the reacting functional group(s) to be on {\bf{both sides of the monomer(s)}} to be able to complete the chain reaction ({\bf{-dioic acid}}, {\bf{-diol}}, {\bf{-diamine}})}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}