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\author{nelaorav}
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  /Title (economic-systems.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (nelaorav)
  /Subject (Economic systems Cheat Sheet)
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        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Economic systems Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{nelaorav} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/167833/cs/35268/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}nelaorav \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/nelaorav} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 6th November, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The resource allocation problem}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Limited resources lead to scarecity which leads that every economy has to choose what Gs\&Ss to produce with their limited resources. Some economies are better off while others do not posess so many resources as they would need.} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Resource allocation}} - is choosing what to produce and how much land, labour and capital we will need to produce certain Gs\&Ss} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The basic economic questions}}  \tn
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{\bf{{\emph{What to produce?}}}} & What Gs\&Ss will be produced? In scarecity not all of them can be taken care of. \tn 
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% Row 1
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 & Which needs and wants will be satisfied? \tn 
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{\bf{{\emph{How to produce?}}}} & Choosing which method of production to use. \tn 
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{\bf{{\emph{For whom to produce?}}}} & Whose wants and need will be satisfies? This depends on peoples opinions or it involves a value judgement. \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Economic systems}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{How a national aconomy answers the basic economic questions is called an economic system.} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Market economy - questions}}  \tn
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{\bf{{\emph{What to produce?}}}} & Only what is desired by the consumers \tn 
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{\bf{{\emph{How to produce?}}}} & The cheapest method available. \tn 
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% Row 2
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{\bf{{\emph{For whom to produce?}}}} & The one's with the most money. \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Market economy}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Firms and households in the private sector determine the allocation of resources.} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{There is no role for government.} \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{All resources in the market economy are owned by people and firms - all of them make as much profit as possible.} \tn 
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% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{If a product or service is selling well firms increase the price they charge for higher profit as they know that people will still buy it.} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Price mechanism}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{High prices are indicate the desired products by people.} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Low prices indicate the firms should change the allocation of their resources.} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Advantages of the market system}}  \tn
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{\bf{The free market responds quickly to people's wants}} & Private firms adapt quicker to make more profit. \tn 
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{\bf{Wide variety of Gs\&Ss}} & They want to meet consumer's wants. \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Encouraging new and better methods and machines to produce Gs\&Ss}}} \tn 
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{\bf{The market system relies on producers to decide the basic questions}} & There is no need to employ people to make decisions. \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Disadvantages of the market system}}  \tn
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{\bf{Factors of production will be employ only if they are needed}} & People will become unemployed. \tn 
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{\bf{Free market can fail to provide some Gs\&Ss}} & Public goods - street lighting or flood barriers, etc. \tn 
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{\bf{The free market encourages consumption of harmful Gs}} & No regulations by government. \tn 
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{\bf{The social effect of production may be ignored}} & No pollution regulations by government. \tn 
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{\bf{The free market allocates more Gs\&Ss to consumers who have more money than others}} & Whealthier people can have better financial freedom. \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{These are the reasons why mixed economy is needed.}  \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.89126 cm} x{3.08574 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The mixed economy - questions}}  \tn
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{\bf{What to produce?}} & Based on regulations by the government. \tn 
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{\bf{How to produce?}} & Coping with regulations but still the cheapest way. \tn 
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{\bf{For whom to produce?}} & For those who want to buy it. \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The mixed economy}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Ownership and decision making ovefr the scarce resources are split between private and public sector.} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Mixed economy combines market system with and interferance of government.} \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Still the aim is to make as much profit as possible.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Government also owns some scarce resource which they think their country needs and wants.} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The benefits of mixed economy}}  \tn
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{\bf{The government can provide public Gs}} & Such as defence, street lightning or merit goods like healthcare or education. \tn 
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 & They get money for this by taxing people. \tn 
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{\bf{Government also owns some scarce resources}} & In case of need government can provide. \tn 
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% Row 3
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{\bf{Reducing unemployment}} & Creating job spots in public companies. \tn 
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% Row 4
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{\bf{Decrease the consumption of harmful Gs}} & They make them illegal. \tn 
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{\bf{Prevent pollutions}} & Places fines and restrictions on pollution done by firms. \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.83689 cm} x{2.14011 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Planned/Central economy - question}}  \tn
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{\bf{What to produce?}} & government decides \tn 
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% Row 1
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{\bf{How to produce?}} & government decides \tn 
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{\bf{For whom to produce?}} & for everyone \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Planned/Central economy}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{An extreme opposite of a market economic system.} \tn 
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% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Almost all decisions are taken by organizations owned or accountable to government.} \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Individual consumers, firms and households have little control over tha allocation of resources.} \tn 
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% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The government provides information to firms what exactly they should produce and where people should work.} \tn 
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% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Firms have no motivation to do better and the quality of goods was poor or there was a shortage.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Developed and less developed economies}}  \tn
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{\bf{Developed economies}} & Countries with a high level of economic development. \tn 
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 & High average income, good quality housing, legal and education systemas, modern infastructure and wide range of industries. \tn 
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{\bf{Less-developed economies}} & Developing countries with a low level of economic development and well-being. \tn 
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% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Overpopulation}} & An economic condition when there are too many people and too few resources. \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Reasons for the underdevelopment of an economy}}  \tn
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{\bf{High population growth}} & Available Gs\&Ss have to be shared among more people. \tn 
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% Row 1
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{\bf{Dependance on the production and sale of agricultural products}} & Developed countries by resources at low prices and proceed to make Gs\&Ss that they sell to less developed countries at high prices. \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Poor infrastructure}} & Poor transport and communication networks. \tn 
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% Row 3
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{\bf{Lack of capital}} & LDC's have to spend their tight budget on foor for their enormous population there is no more moeny for them to spend elsewhere. \tn 
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% Row 4
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{\bf{Low quality of education}} & Low levels of skills and qualification. \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Possible solutions or cures for underdevelopment}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Self-help}} & Some countries believe, that LCD's should not rely on help provided by other states. \tn 
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% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Foreign aid}} & {\bf{Food aid}} - necessary but if free food is given to LCD's their local products will not be sold - urbanizations to find work in the cities \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{Financial aid}} - giving money to developing countries on condition that they spend it on a particular project e. g. an airport. Usually providing countries depend on buying the material needed for this fromt hem at high prices. LCD's have no say to decide how to spend this financial aid. \tn 
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% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{Technological aid}} - developed countries sometimes provide LCD's with machinery and technology. The problem is that there are very few people who can work with it. \tn 
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% Row 4
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{\bf{Borrowing}} & LCD's may be unable to repay it. \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Possible solutions or cures for underdevelopment (cont)}}  \tn
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{\bf{Trade}} & Producing and selling Gs\&Ss to developed countries would help LCD's out but developed countries are not willing to buy them because they fear unemployment. Once LCD's become richer, they may buy Gs\&Ss also from developed countries. \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Population control}} & More people in poor countries means less resources per person. Better education on family planning would help to reduce population growth and to improve standards of living. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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% That's all folks
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\end{document}