\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{Natalie Moore (NatalieMoore)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (it-architecture-and-strategy.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Natalie Moore (NatalieMoore))
  /Subject (IT architecture and strategy Cheat Sheet)
}

% Lengths and widths
\addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm}
\addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm}
\addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm}
\addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns
\setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content
\setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line
\renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit
% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\onehalfspacing

% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
\newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use

% Font and Colours
\definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666}
\definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{1B16B5}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F0F0FA}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{IT architecture and strategy Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Natalie Moore (NatalieMoore)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/19119/cs/9731/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Natalie Moore (NatalieMoore) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/nataliemoore} \\
        \uline{\seqsplit{www}.jchmedia.com/}
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 6th November, 2016.\\
   Updated 6th November, 2016.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{COBIT features}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Business orientation}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{COBIT Framework organizes IT governance objectives and good practices by IT domains and processes and link them to business requirements} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Links business goals to IT goals \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Uses metrics and maturity models to measure achievement \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Responsibilities \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Process sub domains (IT focus)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Process descriptions provide a reference process model and common language for everyone in an organisation} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Plan and Organize (plan) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Acquire and Implement (build) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Deliver and Support (run) \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Monitor and Evaluate (monitor) \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The processes map to responsibility areas of plan, build, run, and monitor} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Total 34 processes} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Control objectives}}} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Provides a complete set of high-level requirements to be considered by management for effective control of each IT process} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Management guidelines}}} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Helps assign responsibility, agree on objectives, measure performance, and illustrate interrelationship with other processes} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Maturity models}}} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Assesses maturity and capability per process and helps to address gaps} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{IT Governance = COBIT}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{What is COBIT?}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Good practice framework} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{First released in 1996} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{High level detail standard} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{By the International professional association ISACA} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{For IT management \& IT governance} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{COBIT provides}}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Implementable set of controls over information technology \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Organizes these controls around a logical framework of IT-related processes and enablers \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & A set of generic processes for IT management \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Recommended best practices for governance and control process \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Process definitions include}}} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Inputs and outputs \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Key activities \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Objectives of the process \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Performance measures \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Maturity model \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{COBIT is an integrator}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Acts as an umbrella framework} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Aligns and harmonises other more detailed IT standards including:} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & COSO \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
- & ITIL \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & BiSL \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
- & ISO 27000 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & CMMI \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & TOGAF \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & PMBOK \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Val IT 2.0 (COBIT 5) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Risk IT frameworks (COBIT 5) \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
- & ISACA's IT Assurance Framework (COBIT 5) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Links good practice models with governance and business requirements} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Integrates these different guidance materials} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Summarises key objectives of each} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Help ensure regulatory compliance} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{COBIT benefits}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Less wasteful information management} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Improve retention schedules} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Increase business agility} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Lower costs} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Better compliance with data retention and management regulations} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The consequences of not using COBIT are the opposite of these}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Information and technology (IT) governance}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{IT governance is the responsibility of the board of directors and executive management. It is an integral part of enterprise governance and consists of the leadership and organisational structures and processes that ensure that the organisation's IT sustains and extends the organization's strategies and objectives} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{AS8015-2005 Australian Standard for Corporate Governance of Information and Communication Technology. AS8015 was adopted as ISO/IEC 38500 in May 2008}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Roles of a CIO}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Business leader. CIO must make executive decisions regarding} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Purchase of IT equipment from suppliers \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Creation of new systems \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Workforce requirements \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Gain a competitive advantage} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Balance interests of employees} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Map out the ICT strategy, covering:} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Future proofing \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Procurement \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & External standards \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Internal standards \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Map out the ICT policy, covering:} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & How ICT is utilized \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
- & How ICT is applied \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{IT governance} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Clarifying accountability} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Clarifying the role of commitees} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Manage systems and functions} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Places great emphasis on internal customers} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Focuses on technology applications in the business and how this can be managed} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{How does an ERP support agility?}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Integrated business processes are faster and more efficent} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{One central database with no duplication of data reduces workload and potential for data errors} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{One single 'view of the truth' means faster more accurate decision making} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Easy-to-use, powerful reporting across the whole suite (and therefore the whole organization)} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{All applications have same look-and-feel across the whole system, making training and using the ERP very straightforward.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Facilitates the flow of information between all business functions} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Links to outside stakeholders (supplier and customer systems)} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Key objective = bring together business functions to make operations run more efficiently}}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Deliver real-time business intelligence} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Encourage business process improvements} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Leverage mobile technology} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Offer end-to-end automation} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Utilise cloud architecture and modular design} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Example: Business intelligence - previously senior leaders would have to wait days–sometimes weeks for analysts to process and present data. Common for these reports to have errors caused by manual data \newline extraction and manipulation. Within ERP fast and relevant data can be extracted from ERP database, and then manipulated as desired. everything is in the one place. Extraction and analyses functions are offered in a user-friendly way.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Knowledge management strategies}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Codification} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Actively managing knowledge \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Collecting and storing codified knowledge in electronic databases to make it accessible \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Might be tacit or explicit knowledge \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Also involves retrieving knowledge they need that other individuals have provided \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Personalization} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Encourages individuals to share their knowledge directly \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Making knowledge requests of experts associated with a particular subject on an ad hoc basis \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Expert individuals provide insights to requestor \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Instruments}}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Intentional knowledge sharing \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Stprytelling \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Cross-project learning \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
- & After action reviews \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Knowledge mapping (a map of knowledge repositories within a company accessible by all) \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Communities of practice \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Expert directories (to enable knowledge seeker to reach to the experts) \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Expert Systems (knowledge seeker responds to one or more specific questions to reach knowledge in a repository) \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Knowledge management strategies (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Best practice transfer \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Knowledge fairs \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Competence management (systematic evaluation and planning of competences of individual organisation members) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Proximity \& architecture (the physical situation of employees can be either conducive or obstructive to knowledge sharing) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Master-apprentice relationship \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Collaborative software technologies (wikis, shared bookmarking, blogs, social software, etc.) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Knowledge repositories \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Measuring and reporting intellectual capital \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Competative advantages}}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 27
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Making available increased knowledge content in the development and provision of products and services \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Achieving shorter new product development cycles \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Facilitating and managing innovation and organisational learning \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 30
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Leveraging the expertise of people across the organisation \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
% Row 31
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Increasing network connectivity between internal and external individuals \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 3)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Managing business environments and allowing employees to obtain relevant insights and ideas appropriate to their work \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Knowledge management strategies (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Solving intractable or wicked problems \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Managing intellectual capital and intellectual assets in the workforce (such as the expertise and know-how possessed by key individuals or stored in repositories) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Knowledge management technologies}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Groupware & facilitate collaboration and sharing of organizational information \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Workflow tools & Representation of processes associated with the creation, use, and maintenance of organizational knowledge \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Content/Document} Management & Automate the process of creating web content and/or documents \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Enterprise Portals & Web sites that aggregate information \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
eLearning & create customized training and education software \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Scheduling and planning & Automate schedule creation and maintenance \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Telepresence & Virtual "face-to-face" meetings without assembling at one locatio \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Profession vs professional}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Profession}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Disciplined group of individuals who adhere to ethical standards} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Members possess special knowledge and skills} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Utelise a recognised body of learning derived from research, education and training at a high level} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Applies this knowledge and exercise these skills in the interest of others} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Is recognised by the public as the above} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Professional}}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{A member of a profession} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Governed by codes of ethics} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Profess commitment to competence, integrity and morality, altruism, and the promotion of the public good within their expert domain} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Are accountable to those served and to society} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Professionalism}}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Personally held beliefs about one's own conduct as a professional} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Often linked to the upholding of the principles, laws, ethics and conventions of a profession as a way of practice} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.54287 cm} x{3.43413 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Management}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Classical approach & based on the belief that employees have only economical and physical needs and that the social needs \& need for job satisfaction either does not exist or are unimportant \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Three categories}}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Scientific & "one best way" to do a job \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Administrative} & focuses on the manager \& basic managerial functions \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Bureaucratic} & Guidelines for structuring with formalisation of rules, procedures and a clear division of labour \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.54287 cm} x{3.43413 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Government information}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Within liberal democracies there is the expectation that public information should be publicly available} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Challenges} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Definition of public sector information \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Who owns public information \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & May impact economic and social value \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Technology is shifting \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Depends on citizens attitudes, attitudes change \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{-} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Uses} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Decision-making \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Informing the public of decisions \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Analysis of policy decisions \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Assessment of governments, governance \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Social and economic reuse \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{There is a notion that all government information belongs to its citizens because it is derived through governmental processes and therefore should be freely accessible and re-useable by them/} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 4)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Access to public information is considered of fundamental importance for the effective functioning of democratic systems, as it enhances governments' and public officials' accountability} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.54287 cm} x{3.43413 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Government information (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Benefits of access & accountability, participation and efficiency \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Aligning IT and Business}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Refers to using information technology (IT) effectively to achieve business objectives - typically improved financial performance or marketplace competitiveness} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Goal is to improve the business value of IT investments} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Integrates the information technology to the strategy, mission, and goals of the organization} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Common business problems}}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{IT and business professionals gaps in:} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Objectives \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Culture \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Incentives \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Understanding of the other group's body of knowledge \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Gaps often result in expensive IT systems that do not provide adequate ROI} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Six requirements to achieve IT/Business alignment}}} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
1 & View information technology as an instrument to transform the business. \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
2 & Hold customer service, both externally and internally, as priority. Communication is key. \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
3 & Rotate IT and business professionals across different departments and job functions. Knowledge, experience, understanding and communication between functions must be achieved. \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 5)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
4 & Provide clear and specific goals to both the IT and business employees. This will create an integration of both entities to achieve a common goal. \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Aligning IT and Business (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
5 & Ensure that IT and business employees understand how the company makes or loses money. So that money is not carelessly poured into the IT department with no return on that investment \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
6 & Create a vibrant and inclusive company culture. There must not only be informational unity, but a company as whole. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Be careful}}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Business and IT professionals often experience conflict and in-fighting as lack of mutual understanding, failure to produce desired results leads to blaming and mistrust} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Establish trust between these two groups and a mechanism for consensus decision-making} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{How to support evolving business needs}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Ability to scale} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
- & To meet growing customer demand \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Globally in compliance across subsidiaries without scaling headcount \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Easily manage a distributed workforce \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Automate wherever possible to replace manual processes \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Infrastructure that can flex with growth without complex integrations bogging it down \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Responsive to} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Market dynamics \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Customers \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Ability to execute - outrun competitors \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Is data driven} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Real-time visibility anytime, anywhere, across geographies and subsidiaries \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Maintains one version of 'the truth' or 'the facts' about customers, financials and compliance \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Growth as a science \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Culture of rapid testing to determine what works \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Intentionally generates data \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Is Innovative} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Understands customer needs \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Understands customer pain points \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 1)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{How to support evolving business needs (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Is able to generate customer insights based on customer understanding \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Able to bring multiple disciplines together to design a unique solution and to differentiate itself from competitors \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Leadership}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{A set of skills and attitudes for:} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Influencing} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Motivating} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Persuading} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Strategic leadership}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Ability to anticipate, envision, maintain flexibility and empower others to create strategic change as nessessary} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Manage business on behalf of stakeholders} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Provide direction} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Formulate and implement change to corporate strategy} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Monitor and control operations especially} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Financial results \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Productivity \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Quality \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Customer service \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Innovation \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Technology \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & New products and services \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Staff development \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Leadership styles:} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Autocratic: punish and control \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 1)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Bureaucratic: rules are enforced without challenge or questions \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Charismatic: make people want to follow and believe \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Participative: Everyone gets a say, leader gets final say \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Peoplecentric: Based on thoughts and actions, serve the people they serve \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Leadership (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Task/Function/Process: Do it exactly like this and it will work \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4577 cm} x{3.02082 cm} x{1.09848 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{What is an ERP?}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is business process management software that allows an organization to use a system of integrated applications to manage the business and automate many back office functions related to technology, services and human resources} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Suite of integrated applications} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Use to collect, store, manage and interpret data from many business activities} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Activities:} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & product planning, purchase &  \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
- & manufacturing or service delivery &  \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & marketing and sales &  \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & inventory management &  \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & shipping and payment &  \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & finance &  \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{An ERP software package generally includes:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Core functions} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Financial accounting &  \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Distribution &  \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Human Resources &  \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Product lifecycle management &  \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Advanced applications &  \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Customer Relationship Management (CRM) &  \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Mobile application for account and sales management &  \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Warehouse Management System &  \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4577 cm} x{3.02082 cm} x{1.09848 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{What is an ERP? (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Supply chain management software &  \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
 & * & \seqsplit{Purchasing} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & * & \seqsplit{Manufacturing} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
 & * & \seqsplit{Distribution} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}