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% Document Info
\author{Natalie Moore (NatalieMoore)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (digital-project-handbook.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Natalie Moore (NatalieMoore))
  /Subject (Digital Project Handbook Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Digital Project Handbook Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Natalie Moore (NatalieMoore)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/19119/cs/6011/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Natalie Moore (NatalieMoore) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/nataliemoore} \\
        \uline{\seqsplit{www}.jchmedia.com/}
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 8th November, 2015.\\
   Updated 28th November, 2018.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{System development life cycle}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Initiation}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Not part of the project} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Justify the project} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Short phase} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Checks that a problem or opportunity really exists} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Decides whether the proposed change appears to be desirable,} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Identification of the business case}}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Assesses whether the proposed development is practical in terms of the balance of costs and benefits the technical requirements and the organisation's information system objectives} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Output is a feasibility report} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Project set-up}}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Decide to go ahead} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Steering committee set up} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{PM appointed} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Project steam initially set up to start} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Detailed planning undertaken} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Important decisions are made} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Requirements elicitation and analysis}}} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Defines the requirements of the new system in detail} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{May involve:} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
- & interviewing users \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & examining documentation describing the current operations \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
- & analysing operational records created by the current system \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & observation of work practices \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 1)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{System development life cycle (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & joint application development (JAD) sessions – stakeholders and business analysts in intensive sessions identify and agree detailed requirements; \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{white}
- & questionnaire surveys \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Mock ups and prototypes \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Output is a requirements statement} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 27
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Design}}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Translates the business specification for the automated parts of the system into a design specification of the computer processes and data stores that will be needed} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Elements to be designed include: inputs, outputs, processing, data and information structures} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 30
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Logical design: identification of the inputs, outputs, business rules and information that the system will process} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 31
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Physical design: Concerned with the actual appearance of the input and output screens and the printed reports} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Construction}}} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Objective of designing, coding and testing software and ensuring effective integration between different software components} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Produce procedure manuals} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 35
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{New hardware acquired} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 1)
% Row 36
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Requirements statement will be re-examined to ensure that it is being followed to the letter} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 37
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Acceptance testing}}} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 1)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{System development life cycle (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 38
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{User testing} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 39
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Implementation/installation}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 40
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Hardware that has been purchased is delivered and installed.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 41
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Software is installed} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 42
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Users trained} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 43
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Initial content of databases set up} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 44
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Project closure}}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 45
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Sign-off of acceptance documents} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 46
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Handing over responsibility for maintenance and support to a permanent team} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 47
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Closing down accounts relating to the project} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 48
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Project manager writing a lessons learnt report} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 49
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Releasing and re-allocating project resources} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 50
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Arranging publicity to tell the outside world about the project's success} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 51
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Review and maintenance}}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 52
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Post-implementation review should be carried out by a business analyst who was not involved in the original project} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The project plan}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Part of set up phase} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Consists of several different types of documents, including activity networks and Gantt charts} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Not cast in stone} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Defines the project's scope, schedule and cost, as well as the supporting processes related to risk, procurement, human resources, communication and quality.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Control document} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Includes} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Project initiation document \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Schedule planning \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Cost planning \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Resource planning \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Communication planning \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Quality planning \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Resource planning}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Project plan needs to account for various types of resources, including people, equipment and facilities} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Responsibility assignment matrix (RAM)}}: simple matrix showing individuals associated with the project on one axis and the activities for which they are responsible on the other.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Quality planning}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{To develop a system which meets all users' functional and system performance requirements documented during analysis, a carefully considered quality plan is needed} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Quality criteria can be applied both to project deliverables and to the processes by which the deliverables are created} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Don't let quality get overruled by deadlines and budget cuts. Emphasise throughout entire project} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Projects}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{A group of related activities carried out to achieve a specific objective} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Start from an idea about a desirable product or change} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Business case (aka feasibility study)} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Showing value of benefits greater than costs \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Consider business concerns \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Consider technical difficulties of the project \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Project attributes}}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Defined start point, which is when:} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Becomes an undertaking instead of just idea \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Obtains business backing and a project sponsor – financial backer within the organisation \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & A commitment is made to provide the necessary resources \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Responsibilities are defined \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Initial plans are produced \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Objectives} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Drive team actions towards common goal \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Stated and understood at project start \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Clear and unambiguous \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Set of outputs or deliverables} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Set end date} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Set max budget} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 1)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Projects (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{A unique purpose} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Benefits which are measureable and greater than costs} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Successful projects}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Enable the stated objectives to be achieved} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Delivered on time and within budget} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Deliver a system that performs to agreed specifications} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Satisfy the project sponsor and other interested parties (stakeholders)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Final judges}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Project sponsor and the users} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Being sensitive to their needs as important as sticking to the letter of a contract} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of requirements}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Functional} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Cost} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Quality} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Deadline} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Legal} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Iterative model}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/nataliemoore_1446989825_Iterative model.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Waterfall model}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/nataliemoore_1446989855_Waterfall model.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Project initiation document}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Starts with an intro with project background, document's purpose, business justification for the project} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Goals, objectives and deliverables} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Project org chart} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Project structure section} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{List of project milestones} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Success and completion criteria} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Management control section} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Reports timing and who gets them \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & How plan to be produced and maintained \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
- & How the information will be recorded \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & How packages of work will be signed off and reviews conducted \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
- & The people responsible for recording and assessing the impact of any changes \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & The people responsible for authorising different levels of change to goals, objectives, deliverables, cost or completion date \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 4)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Risks and assumptions section} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Communication plan} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Post implementation review}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Usually scheduled 6 to 12 months after sign-off} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Review the implemented system in terms of its contribution to business objectives} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Considers} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Whether the business and system requirements have been met \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Cost and benefit performance \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Operational performance \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Controls, auditability, security and contingency \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Ease of use \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Output: post-implementation review report} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SMART mnemonic for good objectives}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{S}}pecific, {\bf{M}}easurable, {\bf{A}}chievable, {\bf{R}}esource-constrained and {\bf{T}}ime-constrained} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Three specifications aka 'iron triangle'}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Specified cost} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Specified time} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Meet a specified business requirement.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{These three specifications are closely linked and any change to one will affect the others. }}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{These form the scope}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Projects should have}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Clearly defined responsibilities} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Clear objectives and scope. If you don't have these you'll have lots of problems in the future} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Control} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Change procedures} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Reporting and communication} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Elements of project management}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Planning and estimating} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Monitoring and control} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Issue management} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Change control} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Risk management} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Project assurance} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Project organisation} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Business change management} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Development process models}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{IT development need a well-defined, repeatable and predictable system development life cycle}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Waterfall method}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Basic phased model of a development cycle} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{One-shot or once-through approach} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Each phase cascades into the next} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Assumes takes done in a strict sequence} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Can loop back but expensive and lots of replanning required} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Best used on projects where requirements have been clearly defined and agreed, most projects don't at beginning} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Works best where there are few changes} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Requires tons of documentation} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Agile}}} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Reduce bureaucratic obstacles by encouraging intense, informal, communication between project participants} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Scrum} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Breaks project into increments called sprints \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Activities small steps which are listed in a backlog \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Incremental and iterative}}} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Incremental} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Develop in fragments \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Global requirements are defined and an overall architecture designed \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Product is developed in increments. After each increment is designed, developed and tested, it is system tested and then becomes operational, so that users get their new system in instalments \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Development process models (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Works best when reqs are well known \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Iterative model} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Suited to situations in which the requirements are not clearly understood and where there is a need to begin development quickly \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Prototypes \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & Customer can make suggestions for the next iteration \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{white}
- & Risk associated with this model is not knowing when to stop iterating \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Incremental model}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/nataliemoore_1446989886_Incremental model.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Schedule planning}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Definition of requirements that is agreed and unambiguous} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Careful breakdown of work} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Schedule when activities will start and end and the resources} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cost planning}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{If the costs of the project exceed the value of its benefits, the project becomes uneconomic. It is also possible for an organisation to simply run out of money for a project.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Estimate quantities and costs, set budgets} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Communication planning}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Flows of communication during the project} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{How communication tools will be used} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{What meetings will be held with what attendees, and at what times} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Implementation strategies}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Get user input and make a recommendation on the best type to the steering committee}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Direct changeover}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The old system is discarded and immediately replaced by the new one} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Risky} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Relatively inexpensive} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Need great testing} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{More risky for higher complexity systems} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Parallel running}}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Running the old and new systems together for a period of time using the same inputs and comparing the related outputs} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Continuation of testing} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Safe} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Low risk} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Expensive} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Phased take-on}}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Breaks the system into components that will be introduced in sequence} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Low risk} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Slow} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Allow users to learn one system component at a time} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Pilot changeover}}} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Entire new system is introduced to just one business unit or location} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Problems can be addressed and fixed before the system is introduced company-wide, but company-wide deployment of the entire system is consequently delayed.} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}