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% Packages
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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
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\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{NanoSeeker}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (fundamentals-of-data-management.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (NanoSeeker)
  /Subject (Fundamentals of Data Management Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Fundamentals of Data Management Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{NanoSeeker} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/31128/cs/9400/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}NanoSeeker \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/nanoseeker} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 9th October, 2016.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




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% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
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\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Regex - Quantifiers}}  \tn
% Row 0
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* & 0 or more & \{3\} & Exactly 3 \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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+ & 1 or more & \{3,\} & 3 or more \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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? & 0 or 1 & \{3,5\} & 3, 4 or 5 \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} x{7.2 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
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% Row 0
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\textbackslash{}c & Control character \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\textbackslash{}s & White space \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\textbackslash{}S & Not white space \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\textbackslash{}d & Digit \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textbackslash{}D & Not digit \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
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\textbackslash{}w & Word \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textbackslash{}W & Not word \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\textbackslash{}x & Hexadecimal digit \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textbackslash{}O & Octal digit \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.36 cm} x{6.64 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Regex - Groups and Ranges}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
. & Any character except new line (\textbackslash{}n) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
(a|b) & a or b \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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(...) & Group \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\seqsplit{(?:...)} & Passive (non-capturing) group \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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{[}abc{]} & Range (a or b or c) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
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{[}\textasciicircum{}abc{]} & Not (a or b or c) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{[}a-q{]} & Lower case letter from a to q \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{[}A-Q{]} & Upper case letter from A to Q \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{[}0-7{]} & Digit from 0 to 7 \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 9
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\textbackslash{}x & Group/subpattern number "x" \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Ranges are inclusive.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Username} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}/\textasciicircum{}{[}a-z0-9\_-{]}\{3,16\}\$/} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{IP Address} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}/\textasciicircum{}(?:(?:25{[}0-5{]}|2{[}0-4{]}{[}0-9{]}|{[}01{]}?{[}0-9{]}{[}0-9{]}?)\textbackslash{}.)\{3\}(?:25{[}0-5{]}|2{[}0-4{]}{[}0-9{]}|{[}01{]}?{[}0-9{]}{[}0-9{]}?)\$/} \tn 
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% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{12 Hour Time} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}/\textasciicircum{}(1{[}0-2{]}|0?{[}1-9{]}):({[}0-5{]}{[}0-9{]})\textbackslash{}s?({[}ap{]}{[}m{]}|{[}AP{]}{[}M{]})} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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% Row 0
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CHAR & String (0 - 255) \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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VARCHAR & String (0 - 255) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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TINYTEXT & String (0 - 255) \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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TEXT & String (0 - 65535) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\seqsplit{MEDIUMTEXT} & String (0 - 16777215) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
LONGTEXT & String (0 - 4294967295) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
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TINYINT x & Precision 3 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
SMALLINT x & Precision 5 \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
MEDIUMINT x & Precision 7 \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
INTEGER x & Precision 10 \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
BIGINT x & Precision 19 \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
FLOAT & Decimal (precise to 23 digits) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
DOUBLE & Decimal (24 to 53 digits) \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 13
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DECIMAL & "DOUBLE" stored as string \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
DATE & YYYY-MM-DD \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
DATETIME & YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
TIMESTAMP & YYYYMMDDHHMMSS \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
TIME & HH:MM:SS \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Integers (marked x) that are "UNSIGNED" have the same range of values but start from 0 (i.e., an UNSIGNED TINYINT can have any value from 0 to 255).}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Compare strings & STRCMP("str1","str2") \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Convert to lower case & LOWER("str") \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Convert to upper case & UPPER("str") \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Left trim & LTRIM("str") \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Substring of a string & SUBSTRING("str","inx1","inx2") \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Concatenate & CONCAT("str1","str2") \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - Calculation Functions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Count rows & COUNT(col) \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Average & AVG(col) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Minimum value & MIN(col) \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Maximum value & MAX(col) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Sum of values & SUM(col) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - SELECT Queries}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{select all columns} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT * FROM tbl;} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{select some columns} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT col1, col2 FROM tbl;} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{select only unique records} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT DISTINCT FROM tbl WHERE condition;} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{column alias with AS} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT col FROM tbl AS newname;} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{order results} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT * FROM tbl ORDER BY col {[}ASC | DESC{]};} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{group results} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT col1, SUM(col2) FROM tbl GROUP BY col1;} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - Creating and Modifying}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{create a database} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}CREATE DATABASE db\_name;} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{select a database} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}USE db\_name;} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{create a new table} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}CREATE TABLE tbl (field1, field2);} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{insert data into a table} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}INSERT INTO tbl VALUES ("val1", "val2");} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{delete a row} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}DELETE * FROM tbl WHERE condition;} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{add a column from a table} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}ALTER TABLE tbl ADD COLUMN col;} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{remove a column from a table} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}ALTER TABLE tbl DROP COLUMN col;} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{make a column a primary key} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}ALTER TABLE tbl ADD PRIMARY KEY (col);} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{return only 1 row matching query} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}... LIMIT = 1} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{amend the values of a column} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}UPDATE table SET column1="val1" WHERE ...} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{clear all the values, leaving the table structure} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}TRUNCATE TABLE tbl;} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{delete the table} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}DROP TABLE tbl;} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{delete the database} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}DROP DATABASE db\_name;} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - Keys}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Primary Key} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Must contain UNIQUE values \{\{nl\}\} Column cannot contain NULL values} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Composite Key} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Primary key with multiple fields} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Foreign Key} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}A FOREIGN KEY in one table points to a PRIMARY KEY in another table} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - Normal Forms}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{First} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}There are no repeating groups \{\{nl\}\}	 All data values are atomic \{\{nl\}\} Each field has a unique name \{\{nl\}\} It has a primary key} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Second} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}No partial dependencies \{\{nl\}\} All non key attributes are dependent on all parts of the primary key} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Third} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}All non key attributes are not dependent on any other non-key attributes} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - Create table with auto-increment primary key}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{CREATE TABLE table\_name ( \newline id INT AUTO\_INCREMENT, \newline column VARCHAR(2), \newline column VARCHAR(32), \newline PRIMARY KEY (id) \newline );} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.6 cm} x{6.4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - Joins}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
INNER JOIN & returns only where match in both tables \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
OUTER JOIN & also returns non-matching records from both tables \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
LEFT JOIN & also returns non-matching records from left table \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
RIGHT JOIN & also returns non-matching records in right table \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - Examples}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Modify the STUDENT table, add new column called gender and add check constraints to make sure that the values stored are either Male or Female} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}ALTER TABLE Student ADD Gender CHAR(6) CHECK (Gender in ('Male','Female')) (One line)} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Modify the SUBJ\_ENROLMENT table, delete the comment column} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}ALTER TABLE Subj\_Enrolment DROP COLUMN comment (One line)} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{The phone number should be concatenated using area code and phone number in the format +123 555-2686, where 123 is the area code and 555-2686 is the phone number. customers who live in Washington state (WA) or Oregon} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT CustFirstName, CustLastName, CONCAT('+',CustAreaCode,' ', CustPhoneNumber) AS NationalNumber (One line) \{\{nl\}\} FROM Customers \{\{nl\}\} WHERE CustState = 'WA' OR CustState = 'OR'; (One line)} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 10)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Write a query that shows the number of customers for per state} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT COUNT(*) as Customers, CustState \{\{nl\}\} FROM Customers \{\{nl\}\} GROUP BY CustState;} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Insert data to table} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Insert into PurchasedItem (purchaseID, itemNo, productName, orderedqty, quotedPrice) VALUES (last\_insert\_id(), 1, 'Cricket bat', 2, 80.50); (One line)} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{CLUB NAMES which have been founded before 2010} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT CName, Founded \{\{nl\}\} FROM CLUB \{\{nl\}\} WHERE Founded \textless{}  2010;} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - Examples (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Number of each ClubID, High to low sorted by count} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT COUNT({\emph{) as 'COUNT(}})', ClubID \{\{nl\}\} FROM STUDENT \{\{nl\}\} GROUP BY ClubID \{\{nl\}\} ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC;} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Join Example} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}SELECT S.STUDENTID, S.SNAME, C.CNAME \{\{nl\}\} FROM STUDENT S \{\{nl\}\} NATURAL JOIN CLUB C \{\{nl\}\} WHERE S.GENDER = 'MALE' OR S.AGE \textless{}24 \{\{nl\}\} ORDER BY S.STUDENTID DESC} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL - Tables}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Student \newline ( \newline stud\_id	INTEGER unsigned not null, \newline stud\_name VARCHAR(30), \newline stud\_phone INTEGER unsigned, \newline stud\_date\_of\_birth DATE, \newline stud\_city VARCHAR(30), \newline stud\_address VARCHAR(30), \newline stud\_postcode SMALLINT unsigned, \newline PRIMARY KEY(stud\_id) \newline ); \newline  \newline CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Subj\_Enrolment \newline ( \newline stud\_id	INTEGER unsigned not null, \newline subj\_code VARCHAR(8) not null, \newline semester SMALLINT unsigned not null, \newline year SMALLINT unsigned not null,  \newline comment VARCHAR(100), \newline PRIMARY KEY(stud\_id, subj\_code, semester, year), \newline FOREIGN KEY (stud\_id) REFERENCES Student (stud\_id), \newline FOREIGN KEY (subj\_code) REFERENCES Subject (subj\_code) \newline );} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{XML - Example}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\textless{}james\_reading\_list\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}book\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}title\textgreater{}Fifty shades of grey\textless{}/title\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}author\textgreater{}E.L.James\textless{}/author\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}status\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}read\textgreater{}yes\textless{}/read\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}time\textgreater{}May 2016\textless{}/time\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}outcome\textgreater{}Did not like it very much\textless{}/outcome\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}/status\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}/book\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}book\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}title\textgreater{}The grass is singing\textless{}/title\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}author\textgreater{}Doris Lessing\textless{}/author\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}status\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}read\textgreater{}yes\textless{}/read\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}time\textgreater{}June 2016\textless{}/time\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}outcome\textgreater{}Enjoyed it quite a bit\textless{}/outcome\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}/status\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}/book\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}book\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}title\textgreater{}A short history of nearly everything\textless{}/title\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}author\textgreater{}Bill Bryson's\textless{}/author\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}status\textgreater{} \newline           \textless{}read\textgreater{}yes\textless{}/read\textgreater{} \newline           \textless{}time\textgreater{}July 2016\textless{}/time\textgreater{} \newline           \textless{}outcome\textgreater{}Found it very informative\textless{}/outcome\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}/status\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}/book\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}book\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}title\textgreater{}JSON in 24 hours\textless{}/title\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}author\textgreater{}Peter Settler\textless{}/author\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}status\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}read\textgreater{}no\textless{}/read\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}time\textgreater{}Later in the year\textless{}/time\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}outcome\textgreater{}N/A\textless{}/outcome\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}/status\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}/book\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}book\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}title\textgreater{}Miss Smilla's feeling for snow\textless{}/title\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}author\textgreater{}Peter Hoeg's\textless{}/author\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}status\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}read\textgreater{}no\textless{}/read\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}time\textgreater{}TBD\textless{}/time\textgreater{} \newline       \textless{}outcome\textgreater{}N/A\textless{}/outcome\textgreater{} \newline     \textless{}/status\textgreater{} \newline   \textless{}/book\textgreater{} \newline \textless{}/james\_reading\_list\textgreater{}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{XQuery - Examples use XML}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{XQuery that returns all the book titles} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}for \$b in \seqsplit{/james\_reading\_list/book/title} \{\{nl\}\} return \$b} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{XQuery FLWOR expression that lists only the titles and authors of the books that James hasn't read yet} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}for \$b in \seqsplit{/james\_reading\_list/book} \{\{nl\}\} where \$b/status/read = "no" \{\{nl\}\} return \$b/(title, author)} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON - Objects}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{var myObject = \{ \newline   "first": "John", \newline   "last": "Doe", \newline   "age": 39, \newline   "sex": "male", \newline   "salary": 70000, \newline   "registered": true \newline \};} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4.56 cm} x{3.44 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON - Access object properties}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myObject.sex & returns "male" \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
myObject{[}"age"{]} & returns 39 \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myObject{[}0{]} & returns "John" \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
myObject.something & returns undefined \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myObject{[}6{]} & returns undefined \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON - Array of objects}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{var myArray = {[} \newline   \{ \newline     "first": "John", \newline     "last": "Doe", \newline     "age": 39, \newline     "sex": "male", \newline     "salary": 70000, \newline     "registered": true \newline   \}, \newline   \{ \newline     "first": "Jane", \newline     "last": "Smith", \newline     "age": 42, \newline     "sex": "female", \newline     "salary": 80000, \newline     "registered": true \newline   \}, \newline   \{ \newline     "first": "Amy", \newline     "last": "Burnquist", \newline     "age": 29, \newline     "sex": "female", \newline     "salary": 60000, \newline     "registered": false \newline   \} \newline {]};} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.36 cm} x{4.64 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON - Access Object Array Elements}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myArray{[}0{]} & returns \{ "fist": "John", "last": "Doe" ... \} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
myArray{[}1{]} & returns \{ "fist": "Jane", "last": "Smith" ... \} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myArray{[}1{]}.first & returns "Jane" \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
myArray{[}1{]}{[}2{]} & returns 42 \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myArray{[}2{]}.registered & returns false \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
myArray{[}3{]} & returns undefined \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myArray{[}3{]}.sex & error: "cannot read property..." \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON - Arrays}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{var myArray = {[} \newline   "John", \newline   "Doe", \newline   39, \newline   "M", \newline   70000, \newline   true \newline {]};} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON - Nested objects and arrays}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{var myObject = \{ \newline   "ref": \{ \newline     "first": 0, \newline     "last": 1, \newline     "age": 2, \newline     "sex": 3, \newline     "salary": 4, \newline     "registered": 5 \newline   \}, \newline   "jdoe1": {[} \newline     "John", \newline     "Doe", \newline     39, \newline     "male", \newline     70000, \newline     true \newline   {]}, \newline   "jsmith1": {[} \newline     "Jane", \newline     "Smith", \newline     42, \newline     "female", \newline     80000, \newline     true \newline   {]} \newline \};} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.96 cm} x{5.04 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON - Access array elements}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myArray{[}1{]} & returns "Doe" \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
myArray{[}5{]} & returns true \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myArray{[}6{]} & returns undefined \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{JSON - Access Nested Array Elements}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myObject.ref.first & returns 0 \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
myObject.jdoe1 & returns {[} "John", "Doe", 39 ... {]} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myObject{[}2{]} & returns {[} "Jane", "Smith", 42 ... {]} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
myObject.jsmith1{[}3{]} & returns "female" \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myObject{[}1{]}{[}5{]} & returns true \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
myObject.jdoe1{[}myObject.ref.last{]} & returns "Doe" \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
myObject.jsmith1{[}myObject.ref.age{]} & returns 42 \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}