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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
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% Document Info
\author{nagashi}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (redes-y-diagnostico.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (nagashi)
  /Subject (Redes y Diagnóstico Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Commands
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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Redes y Diagnóstico Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{nagashi} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/215867/cs/47168/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}nagashi \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/nagashi} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 11th October, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.84149 cm} x{3.13551 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Información de red}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{ipconfig}} & Muestra configuración IP del sistema (Windows) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{ifconfig}} & Muestra configuración IP y adaptadores (Linux, obsoleto) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{ip addr show}} & Muestra interfaces de red y direcciones IP (Linux moderno) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{ip link show}} & Lista interfaces de red \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{hostname}} & Muestra o cambia el nombre del host \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{ping {[}IP o dominio{]}}} & Verifica conectividad básica con otro equipo \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.28942 cm} x{2.68758 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Comprobación y estado de red}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{netsh interface show interface}} & Lista adaptadores y estado (Windows) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{nmcli device status}} & Estado de interfaces de red (Linux) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{ethtool eth0}} & Muestra detalles del enlace físico (Linux) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{arp -a}} & Muestra tabla ARP \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{route print}} & Muestra tabla de rutas (Windows) \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{ip route}} & Muestra tabla de rutas (Linux) \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.09034 cm} x{2.88666 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Diagnóstico de conexión}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{tracert {[}IP o dominio{]}}} & Traza ruta de paquetes hasta destino (Windows) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{traceroute {[}IP o dominio{]}}} & Equivalente en Linux \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{pathping {[}IP o dominio{]}}} & Combina ping y traceroute \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{mtr {[}IP o dominio{]}}} & Traza ruta continua y calcula pérdida de paquetes (Linux) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{netstat -ano}} & Lista conexiones activas, puertos y PID (Windows) \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{ss -tuln}} & Lista puertos en escucha (Linux, reemplazo de netstat) \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.4931 cm} x{3.4839 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Herramientas útiles}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{nmap}} & Escaneo de red y detección de hosts \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{tcpdump}} & Captura de paquetes en tiempo real \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{wireshark}} & Analizador gráfico de tráfico \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{curl}} & Prueba peticiones HTTP/HTTPS \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{wget}} & Descarga archivos por red \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{speedtest-cli}} & Mide velocidad de conexión desde terminal \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.38896 cm} x{2.58804 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DNS y resolución}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{nslookup {[}dominio{]}}} & Consulta DNS básico (Windows/Linux) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{dig {[}dominio{]}}} & Consulta avanzada DNS (Linux) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{host {[}dominio{]}}} & Alternativa simple a dig (Linux) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{ipconfig /flushdns}} & Limpia caché DNS local (Windows) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{systemd-resolve -{}-flush-caches}} & Limpia caché DNS (Linux con systemd) \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Problemas comunes y soluciones rápidas}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
No hay conexión a internet & Verificar cable/Wi-Fi, reiniciar router, comprobar IP y DNS \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
IP duplicada & Cambiar IP manualmente o reiniciar adaptador de red \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
DNS no responde & Limpiar caché DNS (Windows: ipconfig /flushdns, Linux: systemd-resolve -{}-flush-caches) y probar otro servidor DNS \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Puertos bloqueados & Revisar firewall o reglas de NAT, usar telnet o nc para test \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Ping falla a host local & Revisar configuración de IP, máscara y gateway \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Ping falla a host externo & Comprobar gateway, DNS, firewall y conectividad del router \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Velocidad lenta & Test con speedtest-cli, revisar congestión de red y cables \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Wi-Fi no conecta & Olvidar red y reconectar, verificar contraseña, reiniciar adaptador \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}