\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{MVT455} \pdfinfo{ /Title (nederlands-ontstaan-taal-taalwerving.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (MVT455) /Subject (Nederlands: ontstaan taal + taalwerving Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{1510A3} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F0F0F9} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Nederlands: ontstaan taal + taalwerving Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{MVT455} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/168176/cs/35766/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}MVT455 \\ \uline{cheatography.com/mvt455} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Published 28th November, 2022.\\ Updated 28th November, 2022.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{3} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ontstaan van spraak en taal}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{taal bij andere wezens}} & {\bf{wat is taal}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} slimme hans effect & menselijke taal \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} bij -\textgreater{} bijendans & aanpassing taal ontstaan \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} octopus -\textgreater{} gebarentaal & hersenen (Broca en Wernicke) \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & evolutie: eerst taal dan natuurlijke selectie \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\textasciicircum{}slimme hans effect= dieren die getraind worden om iets te leren zonder ze er bewust v worden\textasciicircum{} \newline \textasciicircum{}broca: woordproductie en zinsbouw\textasciicircum{} \newline \textasciicircum{}wernicke: woordbetekenis en woordbegrip\textasciicircum{}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Aanpassingen hoe taal kan ontstaan}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{1)}} vermogen om symbolen te leren \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1) {\bf{2)}} controle over het vocale systeem \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1) {\bf{3)}} \seqsplit{automatisering/combineren} v/d grammatica% Row Count 3 (+ 1) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{evolutie: eerst taal dan natuurlijke selectie}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{1)}} verlaagd strottenhoofd door recht te lopen \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1) {\bf{2)}} geen luchtzakken meer \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1) {\bf{3)}} duidelijke boogbundel en zenuwbundel \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1) {\bf{4)}} assymmetrische hersenen \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1) {\bf{5)}} voltooid spraak- en luisterorgaan% Row Count 5 (+ 1) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Taalverwerving bij kinderen}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{aangeboren taal(gevoel)}} & {\bf{chronologische taalontwikkeling bij kinderen}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} universele grammatica & taalinput \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{taalverwervingssystemen} & prelinguale periode (0-1) \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} & vroeglinguale periode (1-2,5) \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & differentiatiefase (2,5-5) \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & voltooiingsfase (na 5) \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Taalinput (door volwassenen)}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{-\textgreater{}}} stem vervormen \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1) {\bf{-\textgreater{}}} onomotape vb broembroem \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1) {\bf{-\textgreater{}}} vragen stellen + zelf antwoorden% Row Count 3 (+ 1) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Terminologie}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{holofrasen}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}eenwoordzinnen\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{deletie}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}VOOR procope, MIDDEN syncope, ACHTER apocope\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{reduplicatie}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}iets verdubbelen\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{overextensie}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}veralgemenen woord\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{metathesis}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}wisselen van klanken\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{foneemvervanging}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}klanken veranderen\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{bijvoeging}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}VOOR voorvoeging, MIDDEN invoeging, ACHTER achtervoeging\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 3) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{assimilatie}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}progressieve (links-\textgreater{}rechts), regressieve (rechts-\textgreater{}links)\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 3) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Prelinguale periode (0-1)}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{spraakperceptie}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}moedertaal leren einde zwangerschap, akoestische verschillen waarnemen (stemloos VS stemhebbend, articulatie)\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{spraakproductie}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}vocale activiteiten (huilen, niezen, stembanden oefenen), na 2 maanden lachen + vocaliseren, na 4 maanden medeklinkers, na 6 maanden brabbelfase (herhalen, variatie), na 9 maanden accenten + brabbelen met gebaren\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 6) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Vroeglinguale periode (1-2,5)}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{eenwoordzin}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}brabbels omgeving verwijzen, fonologie (klankvorm 1e woorden), eerste woorden drie fases (presymbolisch, persoonlijke symbolen, gesocialiseerde symbolen)\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{tweewoordzin}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}1e woordcombinaties, casusrelatie (bezitsrelatie)\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{meerwoordzin}}} \tn \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}\textasciicircum{}15 maanden-2,5 bedmonologen, taalproductie immatuur (geen lidwoorden + geen samengestelde zinnen)\textasciicircum{}} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Differentiatiefase (2,5-5)}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{-\textgreater{}}} fonologische ontwikkeling (geen sch en t) \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1) {\bf{-\textgreater{}}} zinsbouw inorde \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1) {\bf{-\textgreater{}}} syntaxis, morfologie (want minder belangrijk voor taalbegrip)% Row Count 4 (+ 2) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Voltooiingsfase (na 5)}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{-\textgreater{}}} gesprekspartner \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1) {\bf{-\textgreater{}}} lexicon blijft groeien% Row Count 2 (+ 1) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}