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  /Title (psychology-1105.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Msnoddon)
  /Subject (Psychology 1105 Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Psychology 1105 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Msnoddon} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/212258/cs/46126/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Msnoddon \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/msnoddon} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 15th April, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{What is Psychology}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\seqsplit{Psychology:} & The study of mental and behavioural processes \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{theory-driven:} & uses theories to explain behaviour \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{empirical:} & based on research \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{multi-level:} & explained by the brain, the individual, and the group \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{contextual:} & psychological perspectives continue to evolve, which impacts work in psychology \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Theories}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\seqsplit{Structuralism} & Founded by Wilhelm Wundt & Focus on human cognitive behaviour \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Functionalism} & Founded by William James & Focus on function of behaviours \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Psychoanalysis} & Founded by Sigmund Freud & Focuses on the study on the human mind (subconscious) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Behaviourism} & Founding by John B. Watson & Focus on the concept of observable behaviour \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Father of {\bf{experimental}} psychology} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Established the {\bf{first psychology lab}} in 1879 Germany} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Used {\bf{empirically-driven}} experiments} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Studied {\bf{consciousness}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- {\bf{Voluntarism}}  behaviours are motivated} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Developed {\bf{structuralism}}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Labeled brain}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Brainstem (Medulla) = breathing \& heartbeat \newline Reticular formation = arousal, sleep, filters \newline stimuli \newline Cerebellum = voluntary movement \newline limbic system (Hippo HAT) \newline - HIPPOcampus = memory \newline - Hypothalamus = hunger, thirst, sexual \newline behavior \newline - - pituitary gland = hormones \newline - Amygdala = fear, anger \newline - Thalamus = touch, taste, sight, hear}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{William James (1842-1910)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Established the first psychology lab in America at Harvard University} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Wrote the first psychology textbook "Principles of Psychology" (1890)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- {\bf{Functionalism}} sees consciousness as a fluid stream rather than fixed elements, uses empirical methods that focuses on the cause and effects of behaviour} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Emphasis was also - placed on studying animals, children, and individuals with mental disorders} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Experiment Terms}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Independent variable & variable that is being manipulated \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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Dependent variable & variable that is being measured/ changed by the independent variable \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 2
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\seqsplit{Operationalize/Operational} definition & how researchers decide to measure our variables \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Population & The entire group that is of interest to researchers \tn 
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% Row 4
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Sample & A portion of the population that is selected for the study, Must represent the population \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Random selection & everyone in the population of interest has an equal chance of selection \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 6
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Sampling bias & selecting a group that is likely to confirm your hypothesis \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Therapy}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\seqsplit{Counterconditioning} & Conditioning a new response incompatible with old \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Systematic \seqsplit{desensitization} & Relaxation replaces anxiety or systematically \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Flooding & Go straight into the fearful situation. CR is extinguished \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Aversive conditioning & Unpleasent responce associated (alcohol + drug creating nausea UR \& PR) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Token economy & Given token (poker chip) when desired behaviour preformed. Tokens cashed on for tangible rewards \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Therapy}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Counterconditioning} & Conditioning a new response incompatible with old \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Systematic \seqsplit{desensitization} & Relaxation replaces anxiety or systematically \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Flooding & Go straight into the fearful situation. CR is extinguished \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Aversive conditioning & Unpleasent responce associated (alcohol + drug creating nausea UR \& PR) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Token economy & Given token (poker chip) when desired behaviour preformed. Tokens cashed on for tangible rewards \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Goals of Psychology}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Describe} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Explain} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Predict} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Control} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Maslows Hierarchy of Needs}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Research Methods}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{independent variable }}= cause \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
{\bf{experimental group}} = exposed to cause \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
{\bf{control group}} = not exposed to cause \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
{\bf{dependent variable}} = effect (measures how subjects behave) \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
{\bf{blind study}} = subjects don't know if they get drug or placebo \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
{\bf{double-blind study}} = subjects \& researchers don't know who gets drug/placebo \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
{\bf{correlation coefficient}} = describes strength of relationship% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.09494 cm} x{3.88206 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nature V.S Nurture}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Nature}} & Genetics determine our behaviour \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Nurture}} & Our eviroment and life upbringings determine our behaviour \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.19448 cm} x{3.78252 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Limbic System}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Hippocampus} & (campus = learning/mem- ories) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Hypothalamus} & (FFFF = Fight, Flight, Feed, Mating) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Amygdala & (emotions) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Thalamus & (Tell 'em = senses (except for smell)) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Memory Terms}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Recall & A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier (fill in blank) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Recognition & A measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned (multiple choice) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Relearning & A measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Explicit memory & memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare" \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Implicit memory & retention independent of conscious recollection \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Procedural memory & the gradual acquisition of skills as a result of practice, or "knowing how" to do things \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Eposodic memory & Memory of personal experiences (most common impairment) \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.33919 cm} x{2.63781 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Branches of Psychology}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Clinical counselling and psychology & Therapists \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Academic psychology & Professors, researchers \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Applied psychology & Work in schools, marketing firms, research institutions, and so forth, applying psychological skills to real-life situations \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sensory Memory}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Implicit (procedural) & being aware of how to do something without consciously knowing how \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Explicit (declarative) & being aware of what you know \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Ionic & Brief photographic memory of an image \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Echoic & brief memory of an auditory stimulus \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Flashbulb & vivid memories of emotionally charged events \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Working & short-term memory \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Psychological Disorders - Origins}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Medical & caused by biological reasons (injury, genetics, drugs) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Psychoanalytic} & childhood conflicts, unconscious, misdirected anger \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Cognitive & patterns of thinking are abnormal, success because of others (luck, generous), fail because of self (stupid, no talent) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Learn/Behavior} & problem behavior is the problem, some type of classical condit- ioning or reinforcement has occurred for behavior to continue \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Jean Piaget}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Cognitive Development} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Sensorimotor stage}} (0-2) can't differentiate self from environment} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Preoperational}} (2) stable world, language, symbols, fantasy/reality, object perman- ence, no logical reasoning, lack conser- vation, egocentric} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Concrete op.}} (7-11) logic rules, concrete, cause/effect, role taking} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{formal op.}} (12-) logic of science, abstract thinking, metaphors} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Assimilation}} = interpret sights based on current understanding} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Accommodation}} = changed understanding} \tn 
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% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Equilibrium}} = balance} \tn 
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% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Disequilibrium}} = changes in child's unders- tanding of world} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Brain}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Frontal} & Responsible for: control thinking, planning, organizing, problem-solving, short-term memory and movement. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Parietal} & Responsible for: interpret feeling, known as sensory information. The lobes process taste, texture and temperature. \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 2
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\seqsplit{Temporal} & Responsible for: process information from your senses of smell, taste and sound. They also play a role in memory storage. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 3
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\seqsplit{Occipital} & Responsible for: process images from your eyes and connect them to the images stored in your memory. This allows you to recognize images. \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
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\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Lobes of the brain}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/msnoddon_1744742280_cerebral-hemispheres Small.jpeg}}} \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Edward Titchner (1867-1927)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Introspection: careful, reflective and systematic observation of the details of {\bf{mental processes}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- {\bf{Structuralism}} looks at the elements of consciousness, the goal was to describe observable mental processes rather than to explain, predict, or control} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- The principle was rejected by other psychologists, but some elements survived:} \tn 
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% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{• Psychologists should focus on observable events} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{• Scientific study should focus on simple elements as building blocks of complex experience} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
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\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Gestalt Psychology}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- States that consciousness cannot be broken down into elements} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- We perceive things as whole perceptual units} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- The whole is greater than the sum of its parts} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
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\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Believed that behavior was influenced by our unconscious desires and conflicts} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- {\bf{Psychoanalysis}} aims to resolve unconscious conflicts} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.44333 cm} x{3.53367 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Important Psychologists}}  \tn
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Edward Thorndike & believed that studying animals will help understand human behaviour \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
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Ivan Pavlov & {\bf{classical conditioning}}; associating a stimuli to a response \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
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John B. Watson & {\bf{"Little Albert Experiment;"}} proving that people can be classically conditioned \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 3
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B.K. Skinner & {\bf{operant conditioning}}; positive/negative reinforcement to shape behaviour (increase/decrease certain behaviours) \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 5)
% Row 4
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Albert Bandura & {\bf{social observation}}; observing and mirroring behaviour is a way of learning \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.75186 cm} x{1.00248 cm} x{1.21133 cm} x{1.21133 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Descriptive research}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Case \seqsplit{studies} & An \seqsplit{intensive} study of one person & \seqsplit{Advantages:} Helps develop early ideas about phenomena & \seqsplit{Disadvantages:} Researcher bias, You cannot generalize your results to all people \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 8)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Naturalistic} \seqsplit{Observation} & \seqsplit{observing} natural \seqsplit{behaviours} & \seqsplit{Advantages:} more reflective on actual human behaviour & \seqsplit{Disadvantages:} research bias, Hawthorne effect; people act \seqsplit{differently} when they are aware that they are being observed \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 11)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Surveys} & \seqsplit{questionnaire/interview} & \seqsplit{Advantages:} Gather \seqsplit{information} that can be obtained from other methods, May be able to measure \seqsplit{relationship} strength between variables & \seqsplit{Disadvantages:} \seqsplit{Participant} bias, Direction of \seqsplit{relationship} between variables is unknown \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 13)
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Left or Right Brain}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/msnoddon_1744750297_brain-lateralization.jpeg}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.28942 cm} x{2.68758 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Freud - Psychosexual Stages}}  \tn
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1. Oral stage & Ages 0-1 \tn 
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2. Anal stage & Ages 2-3 \tn 
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3. Phallic stage & Ages 3-5 \tn 
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4. Latency stage & Ages 5 - puberty \tn 
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5. Genital stage & Ages beyond puberty \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
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\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9954 cm} x{3.9816 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Memory}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Sensory & Fleeting awareness of what senses detect \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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Short term & (working) keep information long enough to solve problems \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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Long term & Unlimited storage \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
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\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}