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% Document Info
\author{MJC3}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (solid-oral-dosage-forms.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (MJC3)
  /Subject (Solid Oral Dosage Forms Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Solid Oral Dosage Forms Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{MJC3} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/212269/cs/46141/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}MJC3 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/mjc3} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 17th April, 2025.\\
   Updated 17th April, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{4}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.06423 cm} x{2.36877 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Introduction to Solid Oral Dosage Forms}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Types:}} & Tablets, Capsules, Lozenges, Pastilles, Powders, Granules \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Advantages:}} & Convenient, stable, accurate dosing, taste masking, potential for controlled release \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Disadvantages:}} & Difficult to swallow, unsuitable for liquid drugs \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.27021 cm} x{2.16279 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Alternative Tablet Manufacturing Methods}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Pre-compression:}} & Used when moisture/heat-sensitive; uses slugs or roller compaction \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Direct Compression:}} & Simple and cost-effective; uses flowable drug/diluent mix (e.g. Avicel, Zeparox) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Capsule vs Tablet decision factors}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Company policy, market research, competitor products} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Equipment, production costs, unit dose, dissolution rate, drug stability} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3033 cm} x{1.00089 cm} x{1.72881 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Quality Control (QC)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Official tests (BP/EP)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & For all tablets: & Uniformity of content \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Uncoated tablets: & Weight uniformity, disintegration, dissolution \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Unofficial tests}}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Hardness, friability &  \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{0.92691 cm} x{2.50609 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tablets}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Definition:}} & Solid mass compacted using a tablet machine: typically 50-500mg \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Properties:}} & Strong, Bioavailable, stable, elegant, uniform in weight and content \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Types:}} & Standard, Soluble/Dispersible, Effervescent, Chewable, Buccal, Sublingual, Enteric-coated, Controlled release \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.42462 cm} x{1.30419 cm} x{1.30419 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tablet coatings}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Purposes:}} & Protect drug, taste/appearance, ID, stability, controlled release &  \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Types:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Sugar coating: & Multistage, increases weight, glossy finish \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Film coating: & Popular, automated, controlled release capable, minimal weight gain \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Press coating: & Rare, separates incompatible ingredients \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.30454 cm} x{2.12846 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{QC test details}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Disintegration:}} & 6 tubes in 37°C bath; usually ≤15 minutes \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Dissolution:}} & Basket/paddle/cell method; ≥70–75\% drug released in 45 mins \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Hardness (Crushing):}} & Measured force to break tablet \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Friability:}} & Weight loss after 100 rotations (≤1\% allowed) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.78858 cm} x{1.24353 cm} x{1.00089 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tablet Manufacturing – Moist Granulation}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Mixing with Diluents:}} & Lactose, cellulose, calcium salts, starches, sugars &  \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Blending with Binder:}} & Water, methylcellulose, starch paste, gelatin, etc. &  \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Screening:}} & Mesh size affects granule size &  \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Drying:}} & Tray/fluid bed dryer; granules re-screened post-drying &  \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Additives:}} & Lubricants: & Stearates, PEGs, sodium benzoate \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Glidants: & Talc, fumed silica \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Disintergrants: & Starch, alginic acid, cellulose \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.06423 cm} x{2.36877 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Capsule Manufacturing}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Hard capsules:}} & Filled with powders, granules, tablets, pastes \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Must not react with gelatin or leak \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Softgels:}} & Filled, formed, sealed in one go using rotary die machine \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Fill is sealed between two gelatin ribbons \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.51052 cm} x{1.92248 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Specialised Solid Forms}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Lozenges:}} & Local effect; slow dissolve in mouth, no disintegrant \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Chewables:}} & Rapid breakdown in mouth, no disintegrant \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Dispersible/Soluble Tablets:}} & Dissolve/disperse in water; water-compatible disintegrant required \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Effervescent Tablets:}} & Rapid disintegration via fizz; no standard lubricants \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Sublingual/Buccal Tablets:}} & Dissolve in mouth for fast absorption; no disintegration needed \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.45495 cm} x{1.42551 cm} x{1.15254 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tablet compression}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Stages:}} & Lower punch creates cavity → powder fills → upper punch compresses → tablet ejected &  \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Machines:}} & Single stroke press: & Small-scale \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Rotary press: & Large-scale, 10,000+ tablets/min \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Issues:}} & Picking, sticking, capping, lamination, weight variation, mottling &  \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.12221 cm} x{1.60749 cm} p{0.3033 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Functional Coatings}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Enteric Coating:}} & pH-dependent solubility; protects from stomach acid &  \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Controlled release:}} & Diffusion-controlled, Erosion-based, Osmotic systems &  \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.33363 cm} x{1.36485 cm} x{1.33452 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Capsules}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Shell:}} & Gelatin (Type A – acid hydrolysis; Type B – base hydrolysis) &  \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Types:}} & Hard capsules: & Two-piece, filled with dry/semi-solid materials \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Soft capsules (softgels): & One-piece, filled with non-aqueous liquids \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}