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% Document Info
\author{miss\_shayshay}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (french-tenses-conjugation-quick-cheat.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (miss\_shayshay)
  /Subject (French Tenses:  Conjugation Quick Cheat Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{French Tenses:  Conjugation Quick Cheat Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{miss\_shayshay} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/174991/cs/36865/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}miss\_shayshay \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/miss-shayshay} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 3rd February, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.656 cm} x{2.232 cm} x{1.656 cm} x{1.656 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Present}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-er & -ir (type 1) & -ir (type 2) & -re \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
J/je +{\bf{ e}} & J/je + {\bf{is}} & J/je + {\bf{e/s}} & J/je + {\bf{s}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Tu + {\bf{es}} & tu + {\bf{is}} & tu + {\bf{es/s}} & tu + {\bf{s}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
il + {\bf{e}} & il + {\bf{it}} & il +{\bf{e/t}} & il + {\bf{d}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
nous + {\bf{ons}} & nous + {\bf{tissons}} & nous + {\bf{ons}} & nous + {\bf{ons}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
vous +{\bf{ez}} & vous + {\bf{assez}} & vous + {\bf{ez}} & vous + {\bf{ez}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
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ils + {\bf{ent}} & ils + {\bf{tissent}} & ils + {\bf{ent}} & ils + {\bf{ent}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{en train de}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{en train de}}: in the process of doing. (present) \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
// je suis en train de préparer le dîner% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{futur proche}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Le futur proche, also known as le futur composé, is used to talk about actions in the near future. It corresponds to the English structure going to + infinitive, and emphasises that there is already an intention behind the action. \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 5)
To conjugate the futur proche, we use the present tense of the verb aller as an auxiliary verb, followed by the infinitive of the main verb. \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 3)
{\bf{je vais, tu vas, il va, nous allons, vous allez, ils vont + infinitive}}% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{le futur simple}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{The future stem for -er and -ir verbs is the infinitive. {\emph{For regular -re verbs, the stem is the infinitive minus the final e}}. In all cases, the future stem ends in -r: this sound characterizes the future and the conditional.The French simple future tense is generally translated into English with the modal auxiliary 'will.'  \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 7)
We use the futur simple in the following cases: \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
to talk about future intentions \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
to make suppositions or predictions about the future \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
in conditional sentences (if sentences) \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
{\bf{infinitive + The endings for the simple future are: -ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont}}% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{irregular stems: \newline être — ser- (elle sera) \newline avoir — aur- (j'aurai) \newline aller — ir- (nous irons) \newline faire — fer- (tu feras) \newline vouloir — voudr- (ils voudront) \newline pouvoir — pourr- (vous pourrez) \newline devoir — devr- (elle devra) \newline falloir — faudr- (il faudra)}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Conditional}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{It's considered a mood NOT a tense, which describes how an action takes place (rather than when). \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
Le conditionnel is often translated with would or could in English.   \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
In French, we use the conditional in the following cases: \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
to express a wish, a possibility, or a hypothesis in the present or the future (conditionnel présent) or in the past (conditionnel passé) \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 3)
as a tense to talk about the future from a past point of view \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
in if-clauses (see the section on conditional clauses \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 2)
to make polite requests \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
The stem used to form the conditional is the same as the stem of the future (usually the infinitive).  \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 3)
{\bf{We form the conditionnel présent by adding the imparfait endings to the stem of the futur simple form of the verb.}} \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 3)
{\bf{The conditional endings are -ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez, -aient (These are also the imperfect endings).}}% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Irregulars: \newline Aller: ir- \newline Avoir: aur– \newline Devoir: devr- \newline Etre: ser- \newline Faire: fer- \newline Falloir: faudr- \newline Pleuvoir: pleuvr- \newline Pouvoir: pourr- \newline Savoir: saur- \newline Tener: tiendr- \newline Venir: viendr- \newline Voir: verr- \newline Vouloir: voudr-}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Passive Compose}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{The passé composé is used to describe actions that occurred in the past. They may be single events or series.  \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
Avoir+ \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
For regular er/ir/re-verbs, the past participle is formed as follows: \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
If the infinitive ends in -er, the participle ends in {\bf{é}} \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2)
If the infinitive ends in -ir, the participle ends in {\bf{i}} \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 2)
If the infinitive ends in -re, the participle ends in {\bf{u}} \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 2)
Etre+ (agree in number and gender) \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
Used with reflexive verbs + verbs of movement: \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
naître/mourir, aller/venir, monter/descendre, arriver/partir, entrer/sortir, apparaître, rester, retourner, tomber and their related forms such as: revenir, rentrer, remonter, redescendre, repartir% Row Count 19 (+ 5)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Irregular past participle:   \newline Aller: allé(s) \newline Avoir: eu \newline Être: été \newline Pouvoir: pu \newline Only ALLER is plural/agreement}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{l'imparfait}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{L'imparfait (the imperfect) is a French past tense. It describes states and actions that were ongoing or repeated in the past.  Used to tell stories and report on past actions.  \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 4)
{\emph{Take the present tense nous form of the verb (remove ons) + the imperfait endings:}} \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
{\bf{ -ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez and -aient }}% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Irregular:  ETRE:  j'étais, tu étais, il était, nous étions, vous étiez, ils étaient}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{plus que parfait}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{indicates that an action had taken place and had been completed before another past action took place. The plus-que-parfait is the compound form of the imperfect and is formed by using the {\emph{imperfect of the appropriate helping verb ( avoir or être) + the past participle of the verb.}} Its English equivalent is "had" + past participle. \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 8)
For verbs conjugated avoir (to have) in the passé composé, it's formed by combining avoir in the imparfait with the past participle. For verbs formed with être in the passé composé, use the imparfait of être. \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 5)
{\bf{avoir}} \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
j'avais \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
tu avais \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 1)
il avait \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 1)
Nous avions \newline % Row Count 18 (+ 1)
vouz aviez \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 1)
il avaient \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
{\bf{être}} \newline % Row Count 21 (+ 1)
j'étais \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 1)
tu étais \newline % Row Count 23 (+ 1)
il était \newline % Row Count 24 (+ 1)
nous étions \newline % Row Count 25 (+ 1)
vous étiez \newline % Row Count 26 (+ 1)
ils étaient \newline % Row Count 27 (+ 1)
{\bf{+ past participle}}% Row Count 28 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Subjunctive}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{L'imperatif}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{le participe}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{ing = {\bf{ant}}% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}