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% Document Info
\author{Michellephillips02}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (malnutrition.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Michellephillips02)
  /Subject (Malnutrition Cheat Sheet)
}

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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Malnutrition Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Michellephillips02} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/214485/cs/46706/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Michellephillips02 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/michellephillips02} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 11th July, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\end{multicols}}




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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Guidelines \& References}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Handbook p176} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2022. An evidence-based guide for the identification and nutritional management of malnutrition and frailty in Australian and New Zealand community} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{GLIM criteria to diagnose malnutrition} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2009. DA best practice guidelines on management of malnutrition} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Screening}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{MST}} 3-5 = referral to APD. {\emph{Acute and outpatient hospital settings}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{MNA-SF}}. 0-11 points = at risk. {\emph{Older adults (≥65 years), especially in hospitals, community and aged care}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{MUST}}. {\emph{All adults in hospital, community and residential care settings}}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Low risk of malnutrition: MST 0-1, MUST 0} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Moderate risk of malnutrition: MST 1, MUST 1.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{High risk of malnutrition: MST 3-5, MUST 2+.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Usually by nurse/Nut assistant}}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{S/S}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
poor handgrip strength & oedema \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
thin calf & bones prominent \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
sunken eyes & inability to sit up \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.58804 cm} x{2.38896 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Complications}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Muscle wasting \& weakness (↑ falls risk) & ↓ immune function = more infections \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Delayed wound healing & Cognitive impairment \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Gastrointestinal dysfunction & ↓ bone health \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Hormone imbalances & Hair thinnning \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Cold intolerance & Fatigue \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Intervention}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{HPHE}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{ONS/EN} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Refer: OT - eating assistance tools. Speechie – signs of dysphagia} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Diagnosis}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{SGA}} (acute, aged care, post-op)} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{PG-SGA}} (oncology)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.84149 cm} x{3.13551 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Diagnosis (GLIM Criteria)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Weight loss (\%)}} & \textgreater{}5\% 6/12 {\emph{OR}} \textgreater{}10\% \textgreater{}6/12 \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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{\bf{BMI}} & \textless{}20 (\textless{}70 years), \textless{}22 (\textgreater{}70 years). {\bf{Asia}} \textless{}18.5 (\textless{}70 years), \textless{}20 (\textgreater{}70 years) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 2
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{\bf{Reduced muscle mass}} & Physical findings SGA - signs of muscle wasting \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Reduced food intake}} & \textless{}50\% of ER \textgreater{}1/52 {\emph{OR}} any reduction for \textgreater{}2/52, {\emph{OR}} chronic GI condition impacting intake or absorbtion \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
% Row 4
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{\bf{Inflammation}} & Acute disease/injurt or chronic disease-related \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{GLIM Grading}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Moderate}} (stage 1) & 5-10\% weight loss 6/12, {\emph{OR}} 10-20\% beyond 6/12. BMI \textless{}20 (\textless{}70 years), \textless{}22 (\textgreater{}70 years) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Severe}} (stage 2) & \textgreater{}10\% within 6/12, {\emph{OR}} 20\% beyong 6/12. BMI \textless{}18.5 (\textless{}70 years), \textless{}20 if \textgreater{}70 years) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Biochem}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Refeeding risk} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{GI profile: liver function tests} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Endocrine function: BGL, Fasted BG} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Inflammatory response: BGL, CRP} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Nutritional anaemia: Hb, Hct, s. Iron} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Stress: Alb, WC} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.24425 cm} x{3.73275 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Strategies}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Education}} & eating order, \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Food}} & food fortification (e.g. enriched milk), mid-meal snacks, smaller portions more frequently, finger foods, meal delivery services, encourage social eating, favourite foods, HE swaps \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
HE additives & cream, peanut butter, oil, mayo, cheese, honey, jam, sour cream \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Enriched milk = 1L full cream, 1 cup milk powder} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nut Reqs}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{NEMO repletion} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Key Nuts: Vit D, total energy, total P, calcium} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.89126 cm} x{3.08574 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ONS}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{ONS Type}} & {\bf{Uses}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Fruit based supplements & good for patients tired of milky drinks \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Puddings & Pts on thickened fluids or texture modified diets (different texture to milk) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Powders & fortifying meals, mid-meals and desserts without increasing volume of food \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Pressure injury specific & contains nutrients reputed to aid wound healing \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
1.0-1.5cal/mL & Standard milk-based supplements \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
2-2.5cal/ml & patients on fluid restrictions or small appetites \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.64701 cm} x{4.32999 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Example PESS}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{P}} & Inadequate protein-energy intake (NI-5.2), Inadequate fluid (NI-3.2), Malnutrition (NC-4.1.2.1), Inadequate oral intake, chronic disease related malnutrition \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{E}} & Reduced appetite, inability to self-feed, chewing difficulty, cognitive impairment, nausea S/E of \_\_\_ medication, dislike of texture-modified diet, food refusal, low mood, poor eating environment \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{SS}} & Meeting \_\_\% of E/P requirements, SGA score of \_\_\_, recent \_\_\_\% weight loss \_\_1/12 \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.43873 cm} x{2.53827 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Consider}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Liaising with family/partners & Medication S/E (eg. N/V/D) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
mobility/pain – tremors & ability to self feed/open packets \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
likes/dislikes – hospital menu & texture-mod/fluid restrictions \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
refeeding risk & dysphagia/choking fear \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
mood (e.g. grief) & social network \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
access to support & financial situation \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{changes to taste/smell/nausea in dementia} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.09034 cm} x{2.88666 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Monitoring}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Weight weekly & BMI monthly \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Rescreen monthly & Recheck likes/dislikes \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}