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  /Title (ap-psychology-ch-1-5.pdf)
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  /Author (MelissaM021004)
  /Subject (AP Psychology Ch.1-5 Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{AP Psychology Ch.1-5 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{MelissaM021004} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/122490/cs/22762/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}MelissaM021004 \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 12th May, 2020.\\
   Updated 12th May, 2020.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{People}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Albert Bandura & Added a cognitive slant to behaviorism by researching violence and aggression \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
B.F. Skinner & Believed that internal mental events could only be studied scientifically or not at all; Skinner box \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 2
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Carl Rogers & Developed person-centered therapy \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Charles Darwin & Theory of natural selection and said desirable traits are passed on \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel & Identified specialized types of cells and that individual cells are more sensitive to complex stimuli \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Ernest Hilgard & Hypnosis causes dissociation in consciousness \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 6
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Gustav Fechner & Published research on the absolute threshold of humans \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Herman von Helmholtz & Created place theory \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
J. Allan Hobson & Said dreams are side effects of neural activation \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
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John Watson & Founder of behaviorism \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 10
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Leta Stetter Hollingworth & Focused on children with high IQs \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Linda Bastoshuk & Leading authority in taste research \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
Margaret Washburn & Second female president of APA and wrote "The Animal Mind" which helped behaviorism emerge \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 13
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Mary Calkins & First female president of APA and founded 1/12 psychology labs in the U.S. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
% Row 14
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Max Wertheimer & Discovered phi phenomenon \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 15
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Neal Miller & Conducted studies to show that animals could be used for testing \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 16
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Robert Rosenthal & Said experimental bias could lead to influence on subject's behavior \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
% Row 17
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Roger Sperry and Michael Gazzaniga & Studied split-brain to see what makes the hemispheres unique \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 3)
% Row 18
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Ronald Melzack and Patrick Wall & Gate-control theory \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
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Rosalind Cartwright & We tend to dream about problems in our lives \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 20
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Sigmund Freud & Founder of psychoanalysis and coined the term unconscious; Said we dream to fulfill tasks \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 5)
% Row 21
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Stanley Hall & Created APA and first psychological research lab at Johns Hopkins \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 22
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Wilhelm Wundt & German professor who created a campaign promoting psychology to become its own field of study \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 23
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William James & Founder of functionalism; said we have a stream of consciousness in which ideas flow \tn 
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Chromosome & Strands of DNA that carry genetic information \tn 
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% Row 1
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Dominant gene & Gene expressed in a heterozygous condition \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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Genes & DNA segments that serve as key functional units in genetic transfer \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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Genetic Mapping & Determines location and sequence of specific genes \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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Genotype & One's genetic makeup \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 5
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Fraternal Twins & Two eggs fertilized by different sperm cells \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
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\seqsplit{Heterozygous} & One dominant and one recessive allele \tn 
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% Row 7
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Homozygous & Both alleles are either dominant or recessive \tn 
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% Row 8
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Identical Twins & Results from a zygote splitting \tn 
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% Row 9
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Natural Selection & Favorable genes will be passed through generations \tn 
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% Row 10
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Phenotype & Expression of one's genotype \tn 
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Recessive Gene & Gene not expressed in a heterozygous condition \tn 
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Zygote & Single cell formed by union of sperm and egg \tn 
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Electrical Stimulation & Sends weak electrical currents into brain structure to activate it \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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\seqsplit{Electroencephalograph} (EEG) & Monitors electrical activity in brain over time with electrodes attached to scalp \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
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Electromyograph & Records muscular activity \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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Electrooculograph & Records eye movement \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation & Enhances or depresses parts of the brain \tn 
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Brain Plasticity & Brain is more plastic than assumed \tn 
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% Row 1
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Broca's Area & Controls the production of speech \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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Cerebral Cortex & Folded outer layer of cerebrum \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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Cerebral Hemispheres & Left and right halves of cerebrum \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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Corpus Callosum & Connects both cerebral hemispheres \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
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Forebrain & emotional and complex thought; Largest and most complex part of brain \tn 
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% Row 6
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Frontal Lobe & Largest human lobe; controls muscle movement \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 7
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Hindbrain & vital functions; Includes cerebellum, medulla, and pons \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 8
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Left Hemisphere & Verbal processing, language, speech, reading, writing, sequential \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 9
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Midbrain & sensory functions; Part of brain stem between hindbrain and forebrain \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
% Row 10
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Occipital Lobe & Location of visual processing \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
% Row 11
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Parietal Lobe & Registers sense of touch, phantom limb \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 12
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Right Hemisphere & Nonverbal processing,  spatial, musical, visual recognition, parallel \tn 
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Temporal Lobe & Controls auditory processing along with speech and language comprehension \tn 
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% Row 14
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Wernicke's Area & Controls the comprehension of a language \tn 
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Amplitude & Loudness \tn 
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% Row 1
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Basilar Membrane & Runs through center of cochlea and has auditory receptors \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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Cochlea & Coiled tunnel filled with fluid that has hearing receptors \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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External ear (pinna) & Collects sound \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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Ossicles & Hammer, anvil, stirrup (tinniest bones in body) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
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Purity & Timbre \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 6
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Semicircular Canals & Passage inside ear that maintains equilibrium \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 7
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Wavelength & Pitch \tn 
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Psychologist & Dedicated to investigating human behavior in a scientific way \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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Clinical Psychologist & Studies and deals with mentally ill patients \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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Psychiatrist & Diagnoses and treats psychological disorders \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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Counseling Psychologist & Deals with people's every day problems of modern severity \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
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Double-blind & Experimenters nor subjects know the hypothesis \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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Case Study & In-depth investigation on an individual or topic \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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Experiment & Manipulating a variable under controlled conditions and. observing changes in a second variable \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 3
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Naturalistic Observation & Conducted be observing others in their natural environment \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 4
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\seqsplit{Quasi-Experiment} & Individuals chosen for a study have an equal chance of being in the control or experimental group \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
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Anonymity & Not collecting a person's name during a study \tn 
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% Row 1
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\seqsplit{Confidentiality} & Not releasing any specific response sources \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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Debriefing & Subjects are told the truth of an experiment after being lied to \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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Informed Consent & Allowing participants to choose whether or not they want to be in the study after being told about it \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
% Row 4
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Random Assignment & Assigning individuals from the sample into the experimental or control group without bias \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
% Row 5
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Random Sample & Sample of people chosen for an experiment without bias \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 6
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Random Selection & Choosing members of a population with no bias that accurately represents that population \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
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Correlation & Relationship between two variables \tn 
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% Row 1
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Correlation Coefficient & Degree of relationship between two variables (-1 to 1) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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Frequency Distribution & Indicates how often an observation or number occurs \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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Histogram & A bar graph \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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Mean & The average of all numbers in a data set \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
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Median & The number that lies in the middle of a data set when ordered from least to greatest \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
% Row 6
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Mode & The number that appears most often in a set of data \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 7
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Normal Curve & Bell-shaped curve where the average score lies in the middle \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 8
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Range & Largest number- smallest number \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 9
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Scatterplot & Graph of points showing relationship between the x and y axis \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 10
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Standard Deviation & Average distance from the mean in a data set \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 11
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Statistical Significance & Probability that data collected from an experiment are due to chance \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
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Autonomic Nervous System & Nerves connecting to heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles, and glandsd \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
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Central Nervous System & Brain and spinal cord \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
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Parasympathetic Nervous System & Autonomic nervous system subset that conserves resources (rest and digest) \tn 
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% Row 3
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Peripheral Nervous System & Nerves that lie outside CNS \tn 
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% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 5
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Sympathetic Nervous System & Autonomic nervous system subset that deals with emergency body resources (fight or flight) \tn 
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% Row 2
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% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Thyroid} & Metabolic rate \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Brain Diagram}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/melissam021004_1589311491_Screen Shot 2020-05-12 at 3.23.26 PM.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Brain Diagram}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/melissam021004_1589311511_Screen Shot 2020-05-12 at 3.24.26 PM.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.4931 cm} x{3.4839 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Eye Parts}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Cones & Visual receptors that help in daylight and seeing colors \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Blind Spot & Hole in retina where nerve fibers exit; image that falls on it isn't visible \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Feature Detectors & Neurons that respond to very specific features of more complex stimuli \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Fovea & Tiny spots in center of retina where visual acuity is at its greatest; only has cones \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Lens & Transparent eye structure that focuses light rays falling on retine \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Optic Chiasm & Where optic nerves cross \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Optic Disk & Hole in retina where optic nerves exit eye \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Optic Nerve & Axons that connect eye to brain \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Photoreceptor} & Rods and cones \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Pupil & Opening in iris that allows light to pass to back of eyes \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Retina & Neural tissue at back of eye that absorbs light, processes images, and sends visual information to brain \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 4)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
Rods & Visual receptors that help with night vision, peripheral vision, and black and white images \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Stages of Sleep}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
1 & Lightest stage; theta waves; 4-7 waves on screen; 1-7 minutes \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
2 & Slow waves; all waves; spikes on screen; slower heart rate; 10-25 minutes \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
3\&4 & Deep and slow waves; delta waves; slow/long waves; longest NREM stage \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
REM & Waves similar to awake ones; beta waves; dreaming; rapid eye movement; fast breathing; no control \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Approaches}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Behavioral} & Study of observable reactions \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Biological} & Behavior controlled by physiological aspects \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Cognitive & The way that the world is viewed determines one's behavior \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Cross-cultural} & Focuses on filling the data gap between white males and minorities \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Eclectic & Treatment approach varies on the client's problem \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Evolutionary} & Views behaviors as human adaption \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Functionalism} & Focuses on purpose of consciousness \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Humanistic} & Emphasizes human qualities and potential \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Psychoanalytic} & Addresses internal motivations and unsconcious thoughts that affect one's behavior \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Structualism} & Analyzes consciousness in elements and their relationship \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Parts of an Experiment}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Confounding Variable & Two independent variables in an experiment \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Control Group & Group that does not receive special treatment \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Dependent Variable & Variable affected when the independent variable is altered \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Experimental Group & Group that receives special treatment \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Extraneous Variable & Outside variable that influences the dependent variable \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Hypothesis & Prediction of what the data will prove at the end of an experiment \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Independent Variable & Event or condition manipulated in order to evoke change in the dependent variable \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Operational Definition & Specific definition of the measures of the variables in an experiment \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Subject/Participant} & People or animals observed in a study \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.84149 cm} x{3.13551 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Neuron Parts}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Action Potential & Shift in neuron's electrical charge that travels along axon \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Afferent Nerve Fibers & Carry information {\bf{inwards}} to CNS \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Axon & Long fiber that transmits signals way from soma to other cells \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Dendrites & Receives information \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Efferent Nerve Fibers & Carry information {\bf{outwards}} from CNS \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Glia & Provide support for neurons \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Mylein Sheath & Insulates axons to speed up signal transmissions \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Resting Potential & Neuron is stable, negatively charged, and inactive \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Reuptake & Neurotransmitters sponged from synaptic cleft by presynaptic membrane \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Soma & Cell body which contains the nucleus and main cell parts \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Synapse/ Synaptic Cleft & Gap between terminal button of a neuron and cell membrane of another \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
Terminal Buttons & Secretes chemicals \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.54287 cm} x{3.43413 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Drugs}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Alcohol & Beverages containing ethyl alcohol (ex. vodka, rum, beer, whiskey) \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Cannabis & Plant that makes weed, THC, and hashish \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
MDMA & Related to amphetamines, hallucinogens, and mescaline (ex. adulterants, ecstasy, caffeine, heroine) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Narcotics & Opiates; relieve pain (Ex. opium, heroin, codeine, oxycodone) \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Opiates & Narcotics; relieve pain (ex. same as narcotics) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Psychoactive} Drugs & Modify mental, emotional, and behavioral functions \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Sedatives & Sleep-inducting drugs that decrease CNS function and behaviors (ex. sleeping pills) \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Stimulants & Increase CNS activation and behaviors (Ex. Cocaine, meth, adderal) \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Perception Phenomenons}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Absolute Threshold & Minimum stimulus that can be detected \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Additive Color Mixing & More light in a mix than exists in any one light \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Afterimage & Visual image that persists after stimulus is removed \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Binocular Depth Cues & Clues about distance based on differing views of two eyes \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Convergence & Eyes go inward when looking at a close-up object \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Dark Adaptation & Eyes become sensitive to light with little light present \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Feature Analysis & Detecting specifics in a visual input and putting them in a more complex form \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Habituation & Tendency to have a decreased response to something \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Impossible Figures & Objects that can be represented in 2D but not 3D \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Inattentional Bias & Failure to see visible things because attention is focused \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Just Noticeable Difference & Smallest difference in stimulus intensity that can be detected \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Perception Phenomenons (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Light Adaptation & Eyes become less sensitive to light in high illumination \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
Monocular Depth Cues & Ability to judge distance with one eye \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Motion Parallex & Closer things more quicker than further items \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
Parallel Processing & Processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Perceptual Constancy & Tendency to experience a stable perception when something is changing \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
Perceptual Set & Readiness to perceive a certain stimuli in a particular way \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Phi Phenomenon & Moving illusion done by presenting visual stimuli in rapid order \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
Retina Disparity & Objects within 25ft look slightly different if one eye is covered \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Reversible Figure & Drawing that can go back and forth with interpretations \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
Sensory Adaptation & Gradual decline in sensitivity because of prolonged stimulation \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 3)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Subliminal Perception & Registration of sensory input without being aware \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Perception Phenomenons (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Subtractive Color Mixing & Removing wavelengths to make a color darker \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sleep Phenomenons/ Disorders}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Insomnia & Chronic problems getting adequate sleep \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Latent Content & Hidden meaning of a dream \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Lucid Dreams & People thinking clearly while in a dream and walking through life \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Manifest Content & Plot of a dream, the literal plot \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Night Terrors & Abrupt awakenings from NREM with panic \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Nightmares & Anxiety-arousing dreams that lead to people waking up from REM \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder & Acting out while one is asleep \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Sleep Apnea & Reflexive gasps for air that wake people up \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Somnambulism & Sleepwalking \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}