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% Document Info
\author{mehalyna}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (keys-relations-relationships-sql-data-types.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (mehalyna)
  /Subject (Keys. Relations. Relationships. SQL Data Types Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Keys. Relations. Relationships. SQL Data Types Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{mehalyna} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/188852/cs/39400/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}mehalyna \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/mehalyna} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 3rd July, 2023.\\
   Updated 29th June, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Relational DB - Main Terms}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Relational Database (RDB):}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A type of database that organizes data into tables with predefined relationships between them. Tables consist of rows (records) and columns (attributes) that store data in a structured manner.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 4)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Table:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A collection of related data organized into rows (records) and columns (attributes). Each table has a unique name and consists of a predefined set of columns with specific data types.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Row (Record):}}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A single entry or instance of data in a table. Represents a unique entity or record within the table. Each row consists of values corresponding to the columns defined in the table's schema.} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Column (Attribute):}}} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 7
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A named data element within a table that holds a specific type of data. Defines the type of information that can be stored in the column, such as numbers, text, or dates.} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 4)
% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Schema:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 9
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The structure or blueprint of a database. Defines the tables, columns, data types, relationships, and constraints within the database.} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
% Row 10
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Query:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 11
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A request for data retrieval or manipulation from a database. Written in SQL (Structured Query Language) to specify the desired data and the operations to be performed.} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 4)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Normalization}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{1NF (First Normal Form):}} Ensures that each column in a table contains only atomic values (no repeating groups).} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{2NF (Second Normal Form):}} Requires meeting 1NF and ensuring that non-key attributes depend on the entire primary key.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{3NF (Third Normal Form):}} Requires meeting 2NF and removing transitive dependencies, ensuring that non-key attributes depend only on the primary key.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Keys}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Primary Key:}} A unique identifier for each record in a table. Ensures data integrity and enables efficient data retrieval.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Foreign Key:}} A field in one table that refers to the primary key in another table. Establishes relationships between tables.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Composite Key:}} A combination of two or more columns that together form a unique identifier for a record.} \tn 
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% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Candidate Key:}} A column or set of columns that can uniquely identify a record in a table.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Surrogate Key:}} A system-generated unique identifier used as a primary key, often an auto-incremented number.} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Keys}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Relationships:}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{One-to-One:}} A relationship where each record in one table is related to exactly one record in another table.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{One-to-Many:}} A relationship where each record in one table is related to multiple records in another table.} \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Many-to-Many:}} A relationship where multiple records in one table are related to multiple records in another table. Requires a junction table.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SQL Data Types:}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Numeric Data Types:}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
INT:  whole numbers (e.g., 1, -5, 1000). \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
DECIMAL(p, s):  fixed-point numbers with a specified precision (p) and scale (s). \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
FLOAT(p):  floating-point numbers with a specified precision (p). \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
{\bf{Character Data Types:}} \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
CHAR(n):  fixed-length character strings with a maximum length of n characters. \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
VARCHAR(n):  variable-length character strings with a maximum length of n characters. \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
TEXT: large variable-length character strings. \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
{\bf{Date and Time Data Types:}} \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
DATE: a date value in the format YYYY-MM-DD. \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
TIME: a time value in the format HH:MM:SS. \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
DATETIME: a combination of date and time values (YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS). \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 2)
TIMESTAMP: a unique value that changes whenever the row is updated. \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 2)
{\bf{Binary Data Types:}} \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
BLOB: large binary objects (e.g., images, videos, files). \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 2)
BINARY(n): fixed-length binary strings with a maximum length of n bytes. \newline % Row Count 24 (+ 2)
VARBINARY(n): variable-length binary strings with a maximum length of n bytes.% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}