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% Packages
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\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
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\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
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%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
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\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{meciah}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (linux-bash-system-administration.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (meciah)
  /Subject (Linux / Bash / System Administration Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Linux / Bash / System Administration Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{meciah} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/89680/cs/20415/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}meciah \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/meciah} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 5th December, 2019.\\
   Updated 5th December, 2019.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{4}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SSH}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{ssh user@host} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{ssh  user@host (port)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Help}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{man (command) = Shows the manpages for the current command} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{(Command) -{}-help = Less detailed version of manpages} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{whatis \textless{}command\textgreater{} -Gets short one line manual page to describe} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Searching}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{grep "TODO" files = Searches for TODO in files} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{grep -r "TODO" dir = Searches recursively for TODO in the directory} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{locate (file) = Finds all instances of file} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{find (file) = Find all instances of file} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{IO Redirection}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{command \textless{} file (Read input of command from file)} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{command \textgreater{} file (Write output of command to file)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{command \textgreater{} /dev/null (Discard output of command)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{command \textgreater{}\textgreater{} file (Append output of file)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{command1 | command2 (Pipe output of command1 to command2)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Touch}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Create single file: touch example} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Create multiple files: touch example1 example2} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Set current time and date of file: touch -a example} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Create file with specified time: touch -t YYMMDDHHMM.SS example} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{User Additions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo useradd \textless{}username\textgreater{}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo smbpasswd -a \textless{}username\textgreater{}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DHCP Setup}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo \textbackslash{}cp \seqsplit{/usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd}.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf (Setup New Empty Config)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Setup Static IP: ip addr add 192.168.114.1 dev br0;} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Setting up bridging: sudo dnf install bridge-utils} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo brctl addbr br0; sudo brctl addif enp1s0; sudo brctl addif eno1; sudo ifconfig br0 up} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Check history of commands}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{history | less} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Check if is a File, Directory, or Symbolic Link}}  \tn
% Row 0
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% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{elif {[} -f "\$1" {]} (File)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Executing Scripts}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Make script executable: chmod +x \textless{}scriptname\textgreater{}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{./\textless{}scriptname\textgreater{} - Execute script} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Networking}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{netstat -rn    -displays destination network and hosts of routing table} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 .  -assigns loopback to 127.0.0.1} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{ifconfig eth0 127.17.75.20 .   -assigns ethernet device to IP} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{route add default gw 128.17.75.98 .   -adds route to routing table} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Clear}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{clear (clears command line)} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Create/Add/Remove Directories}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{mkdir (dir) {[}Creating Directory{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{pwd {[}Show current directory{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{cp file1 file2 {[}Copies file1 to file 2{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{cp -r dir1 dir2 {[}Copies dir1 to dir2{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{rm file/ rm -r dir {[}Remove file or remove directory{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Permissions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{chmod ugo=rwx file = Changes permissions of file to Read, write, and execute for the User,Group, and all Others. This command can have many iterations.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{chmod 777 = First digit is read(4+2+1), second is write(4+2+1), and the third is (4+2+1). Many combinations of numbers can be used.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Systemd}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo systemctl start/stop/restart 'nginx.service' .  -start, stop, and restart service with systemctl} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo systemctl enable/disable 'nginx.service' -disables or enables service} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{systemctl list-units -{}-all .    -lists all units systemd has loaded into the system} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{journalctl .  -view all log entries} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo systemctl edit 'nginx.service' .   -modify service directly} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Performance Monitoring}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Display and manage top processes: top} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Display processor related statistics: mpstat 1} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Display virtual memory statistics: vmstat 1} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Display the last 100 syslog messages: tail 100 /var/log/messages} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Monitor all traffic on port 80: tcpdump -i eth0 'port 80'} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{List files opened by user: lsof -u user} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Display free and used memory ( -h for human readable, -m is MB, -g is GB): free -hmg} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Network Diagnostics}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{dig oreilly.com   -returns information help by domain} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Display absolute path of files or links}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{which \textless{}filename\textgreater{}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DHCP Config File}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{option domain-name \seqsplit{"sap.cslab.moravian.edu";}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{option domain-name-servers sap.cslab.moravian.edu;} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{authoritative;} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{log-facility local7;} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Show users currently logged in to host}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{users} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Arrays}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Creating an array: array=("This" "is" "an" "array")} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Print element in array: echo \$\{array{[}0{]}\}, echo \$\{array{[}1{]}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Expand all elements of array: printf \$\{array{[}@{]}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Delete array value: unset ARRAY{[}1{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Exit command in Script}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Exit 0 (Standard exit)} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Exit (1,2,3,etc.) - If you want to customize for your script} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Directories to Know}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{/ - Root} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{/bin – Essential User Binaries} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{/boot – Static Boot Files} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{/dev – Device Files} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{/etc – Configuration Files} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{/home – Home Folders} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{/lib – Essential Shared Libraries} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Navigating Files/Directories}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{ls {[}list files in a directory{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{ls -al {[}Formats files in a list and shows hidden files} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{cd (dir) {[}Change directory{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{pwd {[}Show current directory{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{more (file) {[}Outputs contents of a file{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Firewalld}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{firewall-cmd -{}-add-service='service name'  -Adds system service to firewall protection} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{If-then-exit}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{if {[}{]}; then    echo ""   exit 1 .  -if-then-exit commands for scripts} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Kerberos Install}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo dnf install ntp -y} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo dnf install krb5-libs krb5-server krb5-workstation} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Edit \seqsplit{/var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5}.acl  Change {\emph{/admin@EXAMPLE }} to {\emph{/admin }}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo /usr/sbin/kdb5\_util create -s} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Test}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Example to test if directory was created: test -d /tmp/temp\_dir} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{How long system has been running}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{uptime} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Download files from the web}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{wget -c {[}URL{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Reading from Standard Input with xargs}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{find . -mtime -1 -type f -print | xargs tar -{}-create -{}-gzip -{}-file=\$DESTDIR\$FIL\textgreater{} :  Reads items from the standard input} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DNF}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo dnf install \textless{}package\textgreater{} -useful for installing new packages from the command line} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo dnf upgrade \textless{}package\textgreater{} -upgrades or updates given package} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{sudo dnf remove \textless{}package\textgreater{} -removes the selected package} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Crontab}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{cron -e (Find timed services)} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{crontab -l 2\textgreater{}/dev/null | grep -q "0 0 {\emph{ }} * crontab  \textless{}command\textgreater{}          (Ensure crontab is not outputting any else but the job to run)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Setting Up JupyterHub}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{jupyterhub -{}-generate-config (Generates jupyterhub\_config.py)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{jupyterhub -f \seqsplit{/etc/jupyterhub/jupyterhub\_config}.py (Start jupyterhub using config)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{c.JupyterHub.ip = '192.168.1.2' c.JupyterHub.port = 443     (Change IP and Port in config FIle)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Dick Usage}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{df -h (Shows used disk space of certain file or directory)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tar}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{tar -x (Exract files) -v (verbose) z (zipped file) -f (use tar archive for operation)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Reboot System Properly}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{reboot} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Shortcuts}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Ctrl+C = Ends current process} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Ctrl+Z = Stops current process, but can be resumed} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Ctrl+D = Log out of current session} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{exit = Log Out of current session} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Up/Down Arrows = Navigate through previous commands} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Check if argument is a variable}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{if {[} -v "\$1" {]}; then} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Functions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Create function in command line example: bash\$ home() \{ printf '\%s\textbackslash{}n' "\$HOME" ; \}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{-{}- in a function: The option terminator string} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{"\$@" expands to all of the arguments given to the function: printf '\%s\textbackslash{}n' "\$@"} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Save defined fucntion in bash: declare -f home} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{When writing functions in scripts, it is best to instantiate them at the top of the script so no errors are produced.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Check if argument is a command}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{if command -v "\$1"  \textgreater{}/dev/null; then} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Universal Home Directory to use in Scripts etc.}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\$HOME} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Find}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{find -mtime (Files access within certain time) -type (Look for specific file type)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Shebang}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\#!/bin/bash -normal shebang of commented file} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{echo "Hello World!" -display line of text} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\#comment -\# is the standard way to command in text editor} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\seqsplit{variable\_name="Sebastiaan"} -standard way to establish variables} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Alias}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Create an alias example: alias 11='ls -{}-color=auto'} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Chec k whether command is an alias: type -a 11} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{IpConfig}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{ipconfig -a   -displays all networks and interfaces} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{ping host -send a ping signal to the host} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{ifconfig eth0 -displays eth0 address and details} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Adding Google Authenticator to JupyterHub}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Add this command to JupyterHub config: from oauthenticator.google import GoogleOAuthenticator \seqsplit{c.JupyterHub.authenticator\_class} = GoogleOAuthenticator} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Customize domain name: \seqsplit{c.GoogleOAuthenticator.hosted\_domain} = {[}'jupyterhub.com'{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Installing oauth: dnf install oauthenticator} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File Transfers}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Secure copy example.txt to the /tmp folder on server: scp example.txt server:/tmp} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Copy {\emph{.zip files from server to the local /tmp folder: scp server:/var/www/}}.zip /tmp} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Copy all files and directories recursively from server: scp -r server:/var/www /tmp} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Synchronize /home to /home/.backups: rsync -a /home /backups/} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}