\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
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\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
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\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{manudom91}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (sql-basico.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (manudom91)
  /Subject (SQL Basico Cheat Sheet)
}

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% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
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% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
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% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{SQL Basico Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{manudom91} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/192259/cs/39988/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}manudom91 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/manudom91} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 22nd August, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.48 cm} x{5.52 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Clausulas/Comandos}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{SELECT}}\{\{ar\}\} & Muestra los datos seleccionados de la base \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{AS}}\{\{ar\}\} & Renombra columnas o tablas \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{FROM}}\{\{ar\}\} & Especifica tabla/s de origen de datos \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{WHERE}}\{\{ar\}\} & Filtra la consulta segun una o mas condiciones \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{JOIN}}\{\{ar\}\} & Combina filas entre 2 o mas tablas \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{AND}}\{\{ar\}\} & Combina condiciones - todas deben cumplirse \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{OR}}\{\{ar\}\} & Combina condiciones - una debe cumplirse \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{NOT}}\{\{ar\}\} & Busca el resultado opuesto o contrario \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{LIKE}}\{\{ar\}\} & Busca patrones en una columna \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{IN}}\{\{ar\}\} & Busca dentro de un dominio de valores \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{IS NULL}}\{\{ar\}\} & Devuelve solo filas con valores NULL \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{TOP}}\{\{ar\}\} & Limita resultados a las primeras filas \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{CASE}}\{\{ar\}\} & Devuelve valores ante condiciones fijas \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{ALTER}}\{\{ar\}\} & Altera la estructura de una tabla/proceso \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{CREATE}}\{\{ar\}\} & Crea una base de datos y sus elementos \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.48 cm} x{5.52 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Clausulas/Comandos (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{DROP}}\{\{ar\}\} & Elimina una base de datos y sus elementos \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{INSERT}}\{\{ar\}\} & Ingresa registros en tablas \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{DELETE}}\{\{ar\}\} & Elimina registros en tablas \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{UPDATE}}\{\{ar\}\} & Actualiza valores de registros \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{GROUP BY}}\{\{ar\}\} & Agrupa filas con valores iguales en filas agregadas \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{ORDER BY}}\{\{ar\}\} & Establece el orden de resultados. DESC para invertir el orden. \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{HAVING}}\{\{ar\}\} & Igual a WHERE pero para funciones agregadas \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{SUM}}\{\{ar\}\} & Devuelve suma de valores de una columna \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{AVG}}\{\{ar\}\} & Devuelve promedio de valores de una columna \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{MIN}}\{\{ar\}\} & Devuelve el valor minimo en una columna \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 27
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{MAX}}\{\{ar\}\} & Devuelve el valor maximo en una columna \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{COUNT}}\{\{ar\}\} & Cuenta cantidad de filas \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{1.12 cm} x{6.88 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Orden de Ejecucion}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
1) & {\bf{FROM}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
2) & {\bf{WHERE}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
3) & {\bf{GROUP BY}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
4) & {\bf{HAVING}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
5) & {\bf{SELECT}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
6) & {\bf{ORDER BY}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
7) & {\bf{TOP}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Orden de Ejecucion}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Selecciono todas las filas de una tabla con un filtro aplicado \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SELECT}} * {\bf{FROM}} tbl {\bf{WHERE}} col1 \textgreater{} 5` \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
Selecciono las primeras 10 filas para dos columnas \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SELECT TOP 10}} col1, col2 {\bf{FROM}} tbl` \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2)
Selecciono todas las filas de una tabla con multiples filtros \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 2)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SELECT}} * {\bf{FROM}} tbl {\bf{WHERE}} col1 \textgreater{} 5 {\bf{AND}} col2 \textless{} 2` \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 2)
Selecciono todas las filas a traves de col1 y col2, ordenando por col1 \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 2)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SELECT}} col1, col2 {\bf{FROM}} tbl {\bf{ORDER BY}} col1` \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 2)
Devuelvo la suma total de col1 \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SELECT}} SUM(col1) {\bf{FROM}} tbl` \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 2)
Devuelvo el valor maximo de col1, renombrando \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SELECT}} MAX(col1) {\bf{AS}} Maximo {\bf{FROM}} tbl` \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 2)
Obtengo subtotales de col2, agrupando por col1 \newline % Row Count 23 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SELECT}} col1, SUM(col2) {\bf{FROM}} tbl {\bf{GROUP BY}} col1` \newline % Row Count 25 (+ 2)
Realizo agregacion, filtrando resultados \newline % Row Count 26 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SELECT}} col1` \newline % Row Count 27 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}       SUM(col2) * AVG(col3) {\bf{AS}} Total` \newline % Row Count 29 (+ 2)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{FROM}} tbl` \newline % Row Count 30 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Orden de Ejecucion (cont)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{GROUP BY}} col1` \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{HAVING}} SUM(col2) \textless{} 4` \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
Insercion de registros fijos \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{INSERT INTO}} tbl1 (col1, col2)` \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{VALUES}} ('1', 'Mochila')` \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2)
Insercion de registros en base a valores de tabla \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{INSERT INTO}} tbl1 (col1, col2)` \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SELECT}} col3, col4` \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{FROM}} tbl2` \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
Actualizo registros en tabla con valor fijo \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{UPDATE}} tbl1` \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SET}} col1 = 5` \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 1)
Actualizo registros en tabla con valor variable y condicion \newline % Row Count 18 (+ 2)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{UPDATE}} tbl1` \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{SET}} col1 = col1 * 3` \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{WHERE}} col1 \textgreater{} 5` \newline % Row Count 21 (+ 1)
Elimino registros con condiciones \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{DELETE FROM}} tbl1` \newline % Row Count 23 (+ 1)
~~`\{\{lang-sql\}\}{\bf{WHERE}} col1 = 2 {\bf{AND}} col2 = 'Rojo'`% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}