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% Document Info
\author{MacaSalva}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (python-basics.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (MacaSalva)
  /Subject (Python Basics Cheat Sheet)
}

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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Python Basics Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{MacaSalva} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/93894/cs/20707/}}}
\end{tabulary}
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\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}MacaSalva \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/macasalva} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 10th October, 2019.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Comments in python}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{`\#` For a single line comment.} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{` ''' `For a multiple line comment} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{` """ \{\{nl\}\}\{\{nl\}\}"""`\{\{nl\}\}For a multiple line comment} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.94563 cm} x{4.03137 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Useful commands}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`"\textbackslash{}n"` & Jumps to a different line. \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`"\textbackslash{}t"` & Gives some spaces. \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`\#\%\%` & Creates a chunk of code. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.39356 cm} x{3.58344 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Python Variables}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`string` & Holds text based values \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`int` & Interger numbers \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`float` & Decimal numbers \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`boolean` & True or False \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{There are also list, tuples and dictionaries.}} \newline  \newline {\emph{ To see what are the types of the variables we are working with:}} `type(\_)` \newline Guidelines: \newline  \newline - Use descriptive names. \newline - Be consistent.  \newline - Keep length in check. \newline  \newline {\bf{You can't use spaces not dots (.) when defining names}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.14011 cm} x{2.83689 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Values}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`input("\_\_")` & Returns a string \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`type( )` & Checks the type \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`isinstance(x, float)` & Checks what you ask \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Converting values}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`float(x)` & Converts x to float \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`int(x)` & Converts x to interger \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`str(x)` & Converts x to string \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
`bool(x)` & Converts x to boolean \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Creating values}}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
`range (start, stop{[}, step{]})` & You can create a range or usea a given \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Mathematical operations}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
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`+` & Addition \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
` -` & Substraction \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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`* ` & Multiplication \tn 
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`/` & Division \tn 
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`\% ` & Modulus \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`** ` & Exponent \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
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`// ` & Floor division \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{There also exist a library called `math` to make other kind of mathematical operations}} \newline  \newline {\emph{We can use this with numbers and booleans}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.44333 cm} x{3.53367 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{String methods}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
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`len(s)` & Calculate the lenght \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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`+` & Add two strings \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`*` & Repeat a string \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{`s.find(x)`} & Finds the first position of x in the string \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{`s.count(x)`} & Counts the number of times x is in the string \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{`s.upper()`} & All in upper case \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{`s.lower()`} & All in lower case \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{`s.title()`} & First letter upper case \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{`s.replace(x},y)` & Replace x by y \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{`s.strip()`} & Strips spaces at the end \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{`s.split()`} & Splits in whatever you say \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.18988 cm} x{2.78712 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Conditions}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
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`"\_\_" in {[} {]}` Is something in. & `"\_\_" not in {[} {]}` Is something not in. \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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`\textgreater{}` Larger than & `\textless{} `Lower than \tn 
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`\textgreater{}=` Larger or equal than & `\textless{} =` Lower or equal than \tn 
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% Row 3
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`==` Equal to something & `!=` Not equal to something \tn 
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% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`and` & `or` \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{`not`} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Functions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{`def function\_name ( arg1,arg2):\{\{nl\}\} command1\{\{nl\}\}command2\{\{nl\}\}command3\{\{nl\}\}return variable`} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{You just have to use the name of the function with the number of variables that you have arrange.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{`def function\_name ( *args):\{\{nl\}\} command1\{\{nl\}\}command2\{\{nl\}\}command3\{\{nl\}\}return variable`} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{When you don't know the number of arguments that you want to use, you just use the * with the args.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{`def function\_name ( **kwargs):\{\{nl\}\} command1\{\{nl\}\}command2\{\{nl\}\}command3\{\{nl\}\}return variable`} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{With dictionaries} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Lambda functions}}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{It returns the value with a single expression, the can not obtain commands or more than one expression} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{`g=lambda x:x+2`} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Map functions}}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{`map()`} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Takes a function and an iterable like a list as arguments and applies the function to each item in the iterable.} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{When using functions you can use the command you want for the result, but is better using return instead of print because you can assign the result to a variable}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{2.28942 cm} x{2.68758 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Booleans}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Displayed as:} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`True` & `False` \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Different than R}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Conditionals}}}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{if \_\_a \_\_ : \newline        do this \newline elif \_\_: \newline        do this \newline else: \newline        do this} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{The form of arrange is important, while you are under a condition you have to write inside it}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{While Loops:}}}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{while {\emph{condition}}: \newline      statement1 \newline      statement2 \newline      statement3} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{In this kind of loops, while the condition is still true, it continues happening.}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9954 cm} x{3.9816 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\emph{Helping in While Loops:}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{`continue`} & Skips the current iteration and go to the next one \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`break` & Halts the execution of a loop entirely \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Both of them are useful to avoid infinite loops}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{For Loops}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{for i in list/range: \newline      statement1 \newline      statement2 \newline      statement3} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{A for loop is a control flow statement for specifying iteration, which allows code to be executed repeatedly.}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.44333 cm} x{3.53367 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Library random}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`randint(a, b)` & creates values from the range you ask \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{For using the library you have to import it: \newline  \newline `{\emph{import}} random` \newline  \newline Then, for using it, you need to say that you are going to look for the function in the library. If you want to avoid it you can import just one function from the library.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9954 cm} x{3.9816 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Helping in For Loops:}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{`continue`} & Skips the current iteration and go to the next one \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`break` & Halts the execution of the loop entirely \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{These commands continue and break are useful to avoid infinite loops}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}