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\author{lunarorbit}
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  /Title (exam-2-review-ch-6.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (lunarorbit)
  /Subject (Exam 2 Review - Ch 6 Cheat Sheet)
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        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Exam 2 Review - Ch 6 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{lunarorbit} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/216484/cs/47326/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}lunarorbit \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/lunarorbit} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 9th November, 2025.\\
   Updated 9th November, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1.}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What causes wind?}}  \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
Wind is caused by differences in pressure.% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
} \tn 
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{4.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What steers / deflects the wind?}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
The Coriolis effect describes how Earth's rotation steers winds and surface ocean currents. The Coriolis effect causes freely moving objects to appear to move to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.% Row Count 6 (+ 5)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{7.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What happens to the pressure as bad weather approaches and why?}}  \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
When cold air encounters warm air, the warm air rises over the cold air and makes surface air pressure drop. As a result, a low pressure system forms and winds begin to blow. Storms form in response to changes in air temperature.% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
} \tn 
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{10.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What is a trough? What is a ridge? What kind of weather is usually associated with both?}} \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
Troughs are elongated areas of low pressure that extend equatorward. They are usually associated with cool wet weather. Ridges are elongated local upper atmosphere highs that extend to the poles. They are associated with warm dry air.% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{13.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Where is the Coriolis effect strongest (in terms of latitude zones)? Weakest? How does it affect wind in each hemisphere?}} \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
The Coriolisforce is strongest at the poles and weakest towards the equator. It deflects winds and ocean currents to the right of motion in the northern hemisphere and to the left of motion in the southern hemisphere.% Row Count 8 (+ 5)
} \tn 
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{16.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Know the difference between how wind flows near the surface and how wind flows up above in the atmosphere in relation to isobars.}} \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
There are three convection cells in each hemisphere referred to as the Hadley cell, Ferrelcell, and Polar Cell. These winds shift up and down slightly throughout the year.% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{2.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{How do we normally name a wind?}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
We always name wind by referring to the direction it comes from.% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{5.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What are some common units of pressure and in each unit what pressure do we normally experience on the earth?}} \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
Pascal (Pa), atmosphere (atm), pound per square inch (psi), bar, millibar (mb), and millimeter of mercury (mmHg) or torr.% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{8.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What is the relationship between pressure and temperature (all other factors being equal)?}} \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
Pressure decreases with height. The atmospheric pressure is halved for every 5.6km rise in the atmosphere because the mass is halved at each level.% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{11.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Be able to explain what a small or large pressure gradient force is and be able to identify a small or large pressure gradient on a map. In addition, what is the relationship between pressure gradient and wind?}}  \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 5)
The force that causes wind to move is called the Pressure Gradient Force. PGF = pressure change / distance change, Large PGF = fast wind, and Small PGF = slow wind.% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{14.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{How does friction affect wind in the lower and upper atmosphere?}} \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
Increased friction of the surface can slow wind downand also influence the winds path. Increased friction causes the Coriolisforce to decrease and therefore the wind is not parallel to the isobars.% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{17.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What instrument measures wind direction and what instrument measures wind speed?}} \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
Cup Anemometer- Used to measure wind speed, Wind Vane- Used to measure wind direction, and Wind Sock- used commonly at airports for pilots to quickly estimate wind direction and speed% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
} \tn 
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{3.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What causes differences in pressure?}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
Air flowing from zones of high pressure to zones of low pressure causes winds, just like the way air gushes from a punctured tire or balloon. Uneven heating and convection generate the pressure differences; the same tendencies create currents in a saucepan of water heating on a stove.% Row Count 7 (+ 6)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{6.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What are lines of equal pressure called?}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
Lines of equal pressure are called isobars. The values seen here are surface pressure equivalent values.% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{9.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What is another name for a low pressure system? A high pressure system?}} \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
Cyclone is a low pressure system, anticyclones are high pressure system.% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{12.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What is a sea breeze and a land breeze and how do each occur? When do these typically occur?}} \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
A sea breeze is a wind moving from the sea towards the land. Occurs in the late morning throughout the afternoon. A land breeze is a wind moving from the land towards the sea. Occurs during the early evening or at nighttime. Both are caused by differential heating of Earth's surface. Heating of the land during the day decreases the pressure causing air to blow from the ocean to the land.% Row Count 10 (+ 8)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{15.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{How does air circulate around a low pressure or high pressure system in both the northern and southern hemisphere? Be able to describe the wind at any point inside these pressure systems (e.g. what is the general wind direction in the northwest corner of a low pressure system in the southern hemisphere).}}  \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 7)
Winds which originate as static masses of very cold air atop mountains. Once forced to move, this very cold dense air cascades down a mountain at very high speeds.% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{18.}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{What is meant by a prevailing wind?}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
A wind which consistently blows in a particular direction. (note: we always name wind by referring to the direction it comes from!)% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

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