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% Document Info
\author{Lovely Leah (lovelyleah)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (semester-1-nursing-final.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Lovely Leah (lovelyleah))
  /Subject (Semester 1 Nursing Final Cheat Sheet)
}

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        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Semester 1 Nursing Final Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Lovely Leah (lovelyleah)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/165795/cs/35848/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Lovely Leah (lovelyleah) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/lovelyleah} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 3rd December, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.09848 cm} x{1.41887 cm} x{2.05965 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Lab Values}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{ Labs}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Normal Ranges}}}} &  \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Sodium}} & 136-145 & Na\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{} swells the body \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Potassium}} & 3.5-5 & K\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{} pumps the heart \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Chloride}} & 98-106 & Cl\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} maintains serum osmolarity \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Calcium}} & 9-10.5 & Ca contracts the muscles \& maintains bone density \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Magnesium}} & 1.3-2.1 & Mg\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{} mellows the muscle \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Albumin}} & 3.5-5 & Used to determine liver function; tells how much protein the body is getting \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 5)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Creatinine}} & (M)= 0.6-1.3; (F)=0.5-1.1 & Is excreted by the kidneys; \textgreater{}1.3 = bad kidneys \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{BUN}} & 10-20 & Urea is a by-product of protein metabolism; tests kidney function \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Glucose}} & 74-106 & Hypogly = Brain die \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{RBC}} & (M)= 4.7-6.1; (F)= 4.2-5.4 & Low = anemia, renal disease, vitamin B deficiency \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.09848 cm} x{1.41887 cm} x{2.05965 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Lab Values (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Hemoglobin}} & (M)= 14-18; (F)= 12-16 & \textless{}7 = blood transfusion \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Hematocrit}} & (M)= 42-52; (F)= 37-47 & Low = over-hydrated; high = dehydrated \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Platelets}} & 150,000-400,000 & AsaParin, CloPidogrel \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{WBC}} & 5,000-10,000 & High = infection/trauma \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Neutrophils (segs)}} & 2,500-8,000 & Nonspeccific ingestion \& phagocytosis of microorganisms \& foreign proteins \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Neutrophils (bands)}} & 250-500 & Immature neutrophils; If higher than segs = bandemia/shift to the left \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Lymphoctyes}} & 1,000-4,000 &  \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Monocytes}} & 100-700 & Destruction of bacteria \& cellular debris; matures into macrophage \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 4)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Eosinophils}} & 50-500 & Releases vasoconstrictive amines during allergic reactions \& in response to parasitic infection \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.09848 cm} x{1.41887 cm} x{2.05965 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Lab Values (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Basophils} & 25-100 & Releases histamines, kinins, \& heparin in areas of tissue damage; Causes signs \& symptoms of inflammation \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Term}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Definition}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Adventitious Lung Sounds}} & Abnormal sounds that originate in the lungs \& airways \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Afterload}} & The pressure or resistance that the ventricles overcome to eject blood through the semilunar valves \& into the peripheral blood vessels \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 7)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Anabolism}} & The use of energy to change simple materials into complex body substances \& tissue \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Anti-embolism Hose (TED hose)}} & Tightly fitting elastic stockings that are used to promote blood flow of venous return \& prevent edema in the lower extremities, DVT, venous stasis, \& pulmonary embolism \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 9)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Apnea}} & Absence of breathing for several seconds \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 6
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{\emph{Arteriosclerosis}} & A thickening or hardening of the arterial wall that's often associated with aging \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
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{\emph{Atelectasis}} & The collapse of all of part of a lung \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Atherosclerosis}} & The build up of plaque in coronary arteries around the heart (is a type of arteriosclerosis) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)}} & The minimum amount of energy required to maintain body functions in the resting, awake state \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 5)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Bradypnea}} & Abnormally slow breathing (\textless{}10 BPM) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Borborygmus}} & Increased high-pitched bowel sounds, especially loud, gurgling sounds, result from increased motility of the bowel \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 6)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Bruits}} & "Swooshing" sounds over the abdominal aorta, the renal arteries, \& the iliac arteries \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 5)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Cachexia}} & Physical wasting \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Cardiac Index}} & Can be calculated by dividing cardiac output by the body surface area; Normal range is 2.8-4.2 \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 15
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{\emph{Cardiac Output}} & Calculated by multiplying the heart rate in bpm times the stroke volume in liters per beat; is the amount of blood pumped from the left ventricle each minute \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 8)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Catabolism}} & The breaking down of substances from complex to simple, resulting in a release of energy \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Chyme}} & Semiliquid product of digestion that travels from the stomach through the intestines \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 5)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Contractility}} & The ability of atrial \& ventricular muscle cells to shorten their fiber length in response to electrical stimulation \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 6)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Coronary Artery Disease}} & Narrowing of the arteries by atherosclerosis, spasms, or congenital malformations \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 5)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA)}} & Measures bone mineral density; Spine \& hip are most often assessed on a central DXA; Calculates T-score (0= healthy, -1 to -2.5= osteopenia, \& \textless{}-2.5= osteoporosis \tn 
% Row Count 38 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Dysphagia}} & Difficulty swallowing \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{ECG/EKG}} & A recording of the electrical current generated by the heart during depolarization \& repolarization; Test results are interpreted for HR \& rhythm, lack of blood supply, abnormalities of conduction system, \& arrhythmias \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 12)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Guaiac-based Fecal Occult Blood Test}} & Tests for blood in the stool; more likely to yeild a false positive than fecal immunochemical test due to requiring an active component of guaiac \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 8)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Hemoptysis}} & The presence of blood in the sputum \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Hypercapnia}} & Abnormally high levels of CO2 in the blood (\textgreater{}45 mmHg in arterial blood), may have respiratory depression when supplemental oxygen levels are too high \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Hyperlipidemia}} & Elevation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, or both \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 27
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Hyperventilation}} & Over expansion of the lungs, characterized by rapid \& deep breaths; CO2 levels increase \& alkalosis happens \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 6)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Hypoventilation}} & Under expansion of the lungs, characterized by shallow, slow respirations \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Ischemia}} & Reduced blood flow \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 30
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Kwashiorkor}} & Lack of protein accompanied by fluid retention \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 31
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Macronutrients}} & Nutrients that are needed in large amounts \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Marasmus}} & A protein \& caloric deficiency \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Mean Arterial Pressure}} & Factors that influence MAP include: Total blood volume (viscosity), Cardiac output (HR x Stroke volume), \& Size \& integrity of the vascular bed, especially in capillaries \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Metabolism}} & The process of chemically changing nutrients, such as fats \& proteins, into end products that are used to meet the energy needs of the body or stored for future use, thereby helping maintain homeostasis \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 11)
% Row 35
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Micronutrients}} & Nutrients that are needed by the body in limited amounts \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 36
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Osteomalacia}} & Bone loss \& softening caused by lack of calcification; Cause = lack of vitamin D \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 5)
% Row 37
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Osteoporosis}} & Chronic disease of cellular regulation in which bone loss causes significant decreased density \& possible fracture; Caused by: lack of Ca+ \& estrogen or testosterone \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 9)
% Row 38
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Peripheral Artery Disease}} & Is a result of systemic atherosclerosis; Is a chronic condition in which partial or total arterial occlusion decreases perfusion to the extremities \tn 
% Row Count 36 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 39
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Peripheral Vascular Disease}} & Includes disorders that change the natural flow of blood through the arteries and veins of the peripheral circulation, causing decreased perfusion to body tissues; is an umbrella term \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
% Row 40
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Peristalsis}} & Wavelike muscular movement through the digestive tract \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 41
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Postural Drainage}} & A therapeutic way to position a patient to use gravity to help mobilize respiratory tract secretions; Improves ventilation \& perfusion \& normalizes the functional residual capacity of the lungs \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 11)
% Row 42
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Preload}} & The degree of myocardial fiber stretch at the end of diastole \& just before contraction; Is determined by the amount of blood returning to the heart from both sides \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 43
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Pulse Deficit}} & When a patient's radial pulse is slower than the apical pulse because of cardiac contractions that are weak or ineffective at pumping blood to the peripheral tissues \& extremities \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
% Row 44
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Pulse Intensity}} & The strength of the pulse with each beat; Described as normal (able to palpate with normal pressure), diminished (weaker than expected/difficult to palpate), absent (unable to palpate), or bounding (may be able to see pulsation; does not disappear with palpation); rated on a scale of 0-3 with 0 being absent \& 3 being Bounding \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 17)
% Row 45
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Pulse Pressure}} & The difference between the systolic \& diastolic values \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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% Row 46
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{\emph{Renin-Angiotensin System}} & Regulates BP \& fluid balance through vasoconstriction \& excretion or reabsorption of sodium \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 47
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Sequential Compression Devices}} & Inflatable sleeves that wrap around the legs of patients \& are attached to an air source that inflates \& deflates, creating a massaging action for the lower extremities \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 9)
% Row 48
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Stroke Volume}} & The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle during each contraction; A decrease in SV can result from an increase in afterload without the benefit of compensatory mechanisms, thus leading to a decrease in cardiac output \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 12)
% Row 49
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Tachypnea}} & Increased respiratory rate of \textgreater{}24 BPM in an adult with quick shallow breaths \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}